链霉素和双氢链霉素检测技术研究进展

本文介绍了链霉素及其衍生物双氢链霉素药物特性及其在动植物疫病防治上的应用,并对微生物法、免疫法和气相色谱法、液相色谱法、质谱法、毛细管电泳法以及液相色谱质谱联用方法等不同检测方法进行了分析,对链霉素和双氢链霉素检测方法进行展望。     

动物性食品中氟喹诺酮类兽药残留检测技术研究进展

氟喹诺酮类兽药是近年发展起来的一类广谱抗菌药,随着该类药物使用量的增多和人们对食品安全的关注,兽药残留问题越来越被人们所重视.用于氟喹诺酮类兽药残留检测的方法主要有微生物法、免疫分析法、液相色谱法、高效液相色谱法等.目前主要的检测方法是高效液相色谱法,但该方法样品前处理比较繁琐,不适合大量样品的快速检测;微生物法是一种抗菌药物残留检测的快速筛选方法,但该法的检测限量高于欧盟所规定的最低检测限量;免疫分析技术是以抗原抗体的结合反应为基础的分析技术,其特点是特异性强,简单、灵敏、快捷,可用于大量样品的快速检测.     

农产品中瘦肉精残留危害及其常用检测方法简介

介绍了瘦肉精及其危害,并对其常用检测方法即高效液相色谱法、胶体金快速检测法、酶联免疫法、感官辨识法等方法进行了介绍。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒检测方法研究进展

介绍了猪流行性腹泻病毒实验室检测方法的研究进展,在细胞生物学方面,主依靠病毒分离培养、病毒电镜形态检查、病毒特异性抗原及其抗体的检查等检测方法;在分子生物学方面,主依靠核酸杂交技术、RT—PCR法和实时荧光定量RT—PCR法等检测方法。介绍和比较了各种方法的优缺点和实用性,为临床兽医科技工作者提供参考。     

关于恩诺沙星及其代谢物残留检测的研究进展

本文综述了恩诺沙星及其代谢物在动物性食品中残留检测的研究进展。包括两方面的内容:恩诺沙星在动物性食品中的残留和休药期;国内外关于恩诺沙星及其代谢物环丙沙星残留的检测方法,如微生物法、酶联免疫法、高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法。     

应用斑点免疫金染色法检测猪细小病毒病抗体的研究

本研究初步建立了斑点免疫金染色法 (Dot- IGS)检测 PPV抗体的方法。试验采用经蔗糖密度梯度离心制备的 PPV提纯抗原和 p H7.4、直径 5 0～ 6 3.5 mm的胶体金来检测 PPV抗体 ,取得了较为满意的效果 ;该法对猪细小病毒病抗体最小检测量为1.0 0 8× 10 - 1 0 g/ ml,灵敏性高 ;不同猪布鲁氏菌病、猪伪狂犬病、猪衣原体病、猪口蹄疫、猪瘟、猪弓形体病等的阳性血清出现交叉反应 ,特异性强且重复性好。另该法还具有胶体金制备容易、操作简单快捷等优点 ,是对 PPV抗体检测的重要方法。     

大观霉素分析方法的研究进展

对近20年来大观霉素的分析检测方法进行了介绍，如微生物法、分光光度法、薄层色谱法HPLC法、气相色谱法、免疫分析法，以及它们在大观霉素在食品中残留检测中的应用实例。     

氧自由基检测方法在生物学和医学中的应用

从方法学角度出发，较系统地介绍了五大类氧自由基的检测方法－电子顺磁共振波谱法、化学发光法，化学比色法，分析羟化产物法和气相色谱法的检测对象，方法评价及其在生物学和医学研究中的具体应用，为探讨氧自由基的生物学作用提供了研究方法上的选择。     

检测鸭1型甲肝病毒抗体间接ELISA方法的建立

为了建立快速检测鸭1型甲肝病毒亚型(DHAV-1a)抗体的血清学方法,本试验利用纯化浓缩的鸭1型甲肝病毒亚型MPZJ1206株病毒作为包被抗原,建立了检测DHAV-1a血清抗体的间接ELISA方法,并对各种检测条件进行了优化。结果表明,该方法简单、快速、特异性强、重复性好、稳定性高,可用于鸭群DHAV-1a感染的血清学监测及其抗体消长规律的检测。     

酶联免疫技术用于检测动物体内莱克多巴胺残留的研究进展

本文介绍了莱克多巴胺的基本性质及相关检测研究进展,并就近年来莱克多巴胺酶联免疫检测研究进展进行了充分论述。分析了莱克多巴胺分子结构中抗原改造位点、抗原决定簇及莱克多巴胺抗体制备的最新成果;讨论了莱克多巴胺残留检测时各种样本处理方法的差异及适用范围;对莱克多巴胺酶联免疫检测方法的建立进行了简单介绍。     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.