Diamonds in an upper mantle peridotite nodule from kimberlite in southern wyoming

Diamonds in a serpentinized garnet peridotite nodule from a diatreme in southern Wyoming are the first known occurrence in an upper mantle peridotite xenolith from a kimberlite intrusion in North America as well as the second authenticated occurrence of diamonds from kimberlite pipes in North America. The nodule is believed to have come from a section of depleted (partially melted) lherzolite at a depth of 130 to 180 kilometers.     

PATHOGENIC PLEUROPNEUMONIA-LIKE MICROORGANISMS FROM ACUTE RHEUMATIC EXUDATES AND TISSUES

In suitable cell-free media it has been possible to cultivate pleuropneumonia-like microorganisms from the following materials, first, from chorioallantoic membranes in which lesions were apparently induced by exudates from patients with rheumatic fever; second, from pneumonic lungs of mice inoculated with similar exudates or with suspensions of the abovementioned abnormal membranes; and third, directly from the arthritic exudate of a patient with rheumatic fever, and also from an erythema nodosum nodule excised from a patient with this same disease. With three different subcultures from joint fluid, iritis has been induced in rabbits; and following intranasal inoculation with the same cultures there has developed in mice a pneumonia similar to that found in mice inoculated with rheumatic exudates and with suspensions of chorioallantoic membranes infected with rheumatic exudates. Therefore it seems probable that in all instances the pathogenic agent was derived from similar sources, viz., patients with rheumatic fever. Further work will be required to demonstrate the etiologic significance of these pathogenic agents in rheumatic fever.     

亲子回归与相关估计遗传力相对效率的模拟

通过计算机模拟实验,研究在一定条件下亲子回归与相关估计遗传力的相对效率。结果表明,直接用子女—中亲相关系数估计的遗传力有偏差;家系内环境相关不会改变公畜内回归测定的遗传力估计值,但提高了由简单回归测定的遗传力估计值;选配对公畜内回归的遗传力估计值没有影响。表型选配造成子女—单亲简单回归的遗传力估计值偏差,但不造成子女—中亲简单回归的遗传力估计值偏差。育种值选配对子女—单亲简单回归和子女—中亲简单回归测定的遗传力估计值均造成偏差。本文还对这些结果进行分析和解释,并提出矫正偏差的一些方法.     

氮、磷、钾肥对冬小麦根系营养效应的研究

1986～1988年,在校内网室采用盆栽进行试验。初步探讨了氮磷钾对冬小麦根系营养效应;明确了冬小麦一生中,根内养分浓度因小麦不同生长时期以及施氮磷钾肥种类不同而异,根内氮和钾养分浓度变化为:播种～返青和抽穗～成熟这两段含量低;拔节～抽穗含量高。磷是前期明显地高于中期和后期。根对氮磷钾营养的吸收累积表现为播种～返青为平缓上升阶段;返青～抽穗为急剧上升阶段:抽穗～成熟为迅速下降阶段.根重的变化也表现为返青前根重较轻,返青～抽穗根重迅速增加至根重绝对量的最高点,后期根重又下降,全生育期根重变化呈抛物线型.显著性检验表明:氮磷处理对根重、养分浓度、养分吸收积累量及其强度影响最为明显.     

Repression of interferon action: induced dedifferentiation of embryonic cells

Cells cultured from young (6-day) chicken embryos differ from those of older (13-day) embryos in having a greater susceptibility to infection by certain viruses and a considerably lesser sensitivity to the action of interferon. These circumstances parallel those observed in the intact embryo. The addition of a small percentage of cells from young embryos alters the response of cells cultured from older embryos by increasing viral susceptibility sevenfold and decreasing sensitivity to interferon 25-fold. We postulate that a repressor which inhibits the expression of interferon in older embryonic cells is elaborated by cells from young embryos.     

IGF-I对体外培养山羊卵泡颗粒细胞增殖与分化的影响

为弄清ＩＧＦ－Ｉ在山羊卵泡不同发育阶段对颗粒细胞增殖与分化的影响,分类采集山羊小腔和大腔卵泡颗粒细胞进行体培养,对培养后颗粒细胞的ＤＮＡ含量和孕酮分泌量进行测定。结果表明,ＩＧＦ－Ｉ对来源于大,小卵颗粒细胞的增殖与分化都有促进作用。     

S-100 protein synthesis by isolated polyribosomes from rat brain

The radioactive proteins synthesized in a cell-free system and released from polyribosomes from rat brain were analyzed for the presence of a protein found only in the nervous system. Polyribosomes from rat liver were also studied to demonstrate the organ specificity of the radioactive product synthesized in vitro. The S-100 protein constituted 0.15 percent of the radioactive proteins released from brain polyribosomes.     

Large-scale thermal events in the solar nebula: evidence from Fe,Ni metal grains in primitive meteorites

Chemical zoning patterns in some iron, nickel metal grains from CH carbonaceous chondrites imply formation at temperatures from 1370 to 1270 kelvin by condensation from a solar nebular gas cooling at a rate of approximately 0.2 kelvin per hour. This cooling rate requires a large-scale thermal event in the nebula, in contrast to the localized, transient heating events inferred for chondrule formation. In our model, mass accretion through the protoplanetary disk caused large-scale evaporation of precursor dust near its midplane inside of a few astronomical units. Gas convectively moved from the midplane to cooler regions above it, and the metal grains condensed in these parcels of rising gas.     

土壤灭菌对连作大豆生长发育的影响

用连作大豆茬土壤和玉米茬土壤灭菌后栽培大豆表明，灭菌可基本消除大豆连作土壤的不良影响，表现出大豆生长发育良好，产量提高；而且大豆连作土壤还略优于玉米土壤，据此认为前作大豆所形成的土壤生物环境乃为大豆连作障碍主要因素之一．     

Excluding to include: (Non)participation in Mexican natural resource management

Participatory processes are often intended to encourage inclusion of multiple perspectives in defining management means and goals. However, ideas about the legitimacy of certain uses and users of the resources can often lead to exclusion from participation. In this way, participation can be transformed from a process of inclusion of various resource users to one of exclusion. Using a case study from a marine protected area in Loreto, Baja California Sur, Mexico, and drawing on work in deliberative democracy, I present a typology of how individuals and groups can be excluded from participation. External exclusion includes non-invitation and other means for keeping participation from occurring. Internal exclusion refers to exclusionary events during participatory meetings. This analysis suggests that participation needs to be recognized as a valuable but easily manipulated tool in the design of projects like natural resource management.     

Condensation of semiconductor microcavity exciton polaritons

A phase transition from a classical thermal mixed state to a quantum-mechanical pure state of exciton polaritons is observed in a GaAs multiple quantum-well microcavity from the decrease of the second-order coherence function. Supporting evidence is obtained from the observation of a nonlinear threshold behavior in the pump-intensity dependence of the emission, a polariton-like dispersion relation above threshold, and a decrease of the relaxation time into the lower polariton state. The condensation of microcavity exciton polaritons is confirmed.     

Cocoon surrounding desert-dwelling frogs

A cocoon formed from a single cell layer of shed stratum corneum may reduce water loss from the skin of desert-dwelling frogs while these aestivate in soil-filled burrows. In several Australian examples, the cocoon is a single layer of cells, and thus differs from the multilayered structure obtained from an American species, Scaphiopus couchi.     

负能态系统中热量自发地由低温流向高温

在地球表面上或平直型时空中,热量总是从高温自发地流向低温,决不会自发地反流,但是在强引力场中,热量传播的方向将反过来,将由低温自发地流向高温.具体分析了在强引力场中,引力体内部热量的传导规律,从理论上阐明了在强引力场中热量自发地由低温流向高温的机理.     

Terrestrial carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios from cretaceous-tertiary boundary nanodiamonds

One hypothesis for the origin of the nanometer-size diamonds found at the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary is that they are relict interstellar diamond grains carried by a postulated asteroid. The (13)C/(12)C and (15)N/(14)N ratios of the diamonds from two sites in North America, however, show that the diamonds are two component mixtures differing in carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition and nitrogen abundance. Samples from a site from Italy show no evidence for either diamond component. All the isotopic signatures obtained from the K-T boundary are material well distinguished from known meteoritic diamonds, particularly the fine-grain interstellar diamonds that are abundant in primitive chondrites. The K-T diamonds were most likely produced during the impact of the asteroid with Earth or in a plasma resulting from the associated fireball.     

Amino acid coding in Sarcina lutea and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Aminoacyl-tRNA's from Sarcina lutea were tested for incorporation into protein in a heterologous system from Escherichia coli or for biniding in a homologous system from Sarcina lutea. Aminoacyl-tRNA's from Saccharomyces cerevisiae were tested for biniding in a homologous Saccharomyces cerevisiae system. Synthetic polyribonucleotides were used as messengers. The code which exists in Sarcina lutea and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the same as in Escherichia coli.     

应用PCR和测序技术诊断吉安和抚州两地区的柑橘黄龙病

柑橘黄龙病是国内植物检疫对象,明确其地理分布对控制黄龙病扩散具有重要意义.于2008年10～11月赴吉安和抚州可疑黄龙病桔园采集30份病样,其中吉安地区19份,抚州地区11份,采用PCR方法对这30份样品进行柑橘黄龙病菌检测,结果从吉安地区4个病样(遂川县1个、万安县2个、泰和县1个)和阳性对照中扩增到预期的长约700 bp的DNA片段,其他样品和阴性对照中则没有预期的DNA片段产生.选择遂川双桥1号、万安窑头1号和泰和文田4号3个分离物的PCR产物进行纯化、测序,从中各获得一段长为654 nt的序列.经同源性比较发现,这3条DNA序列不仅完全相同,而且它们与已报道的柑橘黄龙病菌亚洲种国内外所有分离物的对应序列的同源性也均为100%,但它们与已报道的柑橘黄龙病菌非洲种核苷酸序列同源性只有79.6%,结果表明上述3个柑橘黄龙病菌分离物均属于亚洲种.柑橘黄龙病菌亚洲种在吉安地区遂川、万安和泰和县存在的发现,希望能引起有关部门足够的重视.     

Mammary cancer induction by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene: relation to age

Mammary glands were transplanted from donors treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene to untreated isologous recipients. Incidence of mammary tumors in mammary grafts from 56-day-old donors was significantly higher than that in grafts from 120-day-old donors, regardless of the age of the recipient hosts. Whent mammary glands were transplanted from untreated donors to isologous recipients that subsequently received 7,12-dimethyl-benz(a)anthracene, a similar difference in tumor incidence in the grafts was observed. In contrast to mammary glands of older females, mammary glands of young adult female rats are highly vulnerable to the carcinogenic effect of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene.     

苦荞种子中葡萄糖含量变异研究（摘要）

[目的]明确不同产地苦荞种子中葡萄糖含量的差异。[方法]以不同产地的35份苦荞资源为试材,测定了其籽粒的葡萄糖含量。[结果]35份苦荞资源的葡萄糖含量变化幅度为0.0556%～0.8402%,平均值为0.3217%;不同产地苦荞的葡萄糖含量存在差异,以贵州威宁的苦荞种子T324中葡萄糖含量最高,原产贵州威宁苦荞种子T398最低。[结论]为明确葡萄糖含量在不同苦荞资源间的遗传变异规律提供了参考。     

铬污染地区芦苇(Phragmites australis L.)生理特征分析

采用现场采集样品及室内测试方法,对生长在某铬污染区内,距污染源10 m和100 m的芦苇叶片光合及抗氧化特征进行分析.结果显示,距污染源10 m处芦苇叶绿素含量低于100 m处,类胡萝卜素含量几乎一致,而污染区内两处芦苇光合色素含量均明显高于非污染区;污染区内芦苇叶片叶绿体吸收光谱、低温荧光发射光谱及叶绿素荧光参数与非污染区一致,表明污染区芦苇光合作用光反应能正常进行;SOD与CAT活性均明显高于非污染区,其中10 m处两种酶活性略高于100 m处;丙二醛含量与非污染区基本相同,说明污染区芦苇叶片未受到严重氧化损伤.