大豆45 cm双条密植栽培技术总结

介绍大豆窄行密植栽培技术的增产效果.海伦市近几年大豆窄行密植推广面积逐渐加大,该技术既集成了大豆"垄三"栽培的技术优势,又汲取了大豆平作密植的技术精华,可操作性强,增产显著.     

大豆"小垄窄行密植"栽培技术

大豆“小垄窄行密植”栽培技术是引进吸收美国R．L．Cooper教授等人的半矮杆密植模式基础上，经过几年的试验、改造、嫁接、创新而形成的适于黑龙江省北部大豆产区应用的一种“垄窄密”栽培法，它比一般垄作增产17．2％。小垄窄行密植，更是一种新型的栽培技术。     

半矮秆大豆窄行密植高产栽培技术

半矮秆大豆窄行密植高产栽培技术是近年来在黑龙江省推广的一项新的大豆高产栽培技术。技术核心是选用半矮秆品种,缩小种植行距,增加群体密度,使植株在田间分布更均匀,以提高光能利用率．靠群体增加大豆单产。该技术667m2平均产量200～250kg,较常规垄作平均增产15％～20％。1993年黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院开始引进美国大豆窄行密植技术．     

大豆窄行密植栽培技术三种栽培模式生产技术规范

大豆窄行密植栽培技术三种栽培模式生产技术规范刘忠堂何志鸿（国家大豆工程技术研究中心·哈尔滨,１５００８６）（黑龙江省科委·哈尔滨,１５０００１）美国大豆专家ＲＬＣｏｏｗｐｅｒ教授研究成功的大豆窄行密植栽培技术,自１９９３年引进我省经５年的试验并...     

大豆90cm垄上4行大垄窄行密植栽培技术

大豆90 cm垄上4行大垄窄行密植栽培技术是在吸收了垄三栽培基础上发展起来的一项高产栽培技术,较垄三栽培技术增产20%左右,文章较详细地介绍了该项技术从播种到收获的具体做法。     

垄上四行大垄窄行密植增产效果与栽培技术

文章阐述了垄上四行大垄窄行密植栽培技术的增产效果,较常规的垄三栽培增产19.8%,采用此项技术创造了多块亩产250公斤以上的大面积高产。生产实践证明,垄上四行大垄窄行密植是一项大幅度提高大豆产量的新技术,适于在黑龙江省大面积推广。文章还对该技术的具体内容和做法做了详细的介绍。     

高油大豆窄行密植综合高产栽培技术研究

高油大豆窄行密植综合高产栽培技术，是经过多年试验、示范、嫁接、创新而形成的北方黑土地大豆提高单产的一种先进的栽培技术。它比一般垄作平均增产10．7％，将是提高我省大豆单产的较佳措施之一。     

“大豆密植高产品种及栽培技术”鉴定会在黑河市召开

20 0 0年 8月 1 6日 ,由农业部科教司主持的重点项目“大豆密植高产品种及栽培技术”鉴定会在黑龙江省黑河市召开。鉴定委员们在听取项目主持人报告 ,审查项目资料 ,观看项目录相之后 ,经过认真地讨论一致认为 :一、该技术通过引进、消化、吸收、改造 ,将美国矮秆、平作密植栽培技术嫁接到我国固有耕作制上 ,形成了“大垅窄行密植”、“小垅窄行密植”、“一作窄行密植”三种模式。既吸收了引进技术的长处 ,又继承了我国固有耕作制的优点 ,使这项技术更适合我国的生产实际。二、增产效果显著 ,经济效益明显。三种栽培模式平均增产 2 3 6% ,…     

制定生产计划采用大豆窄行密植栽培技术

本文介绍了大豆窄行密植的适应条件和栽培技术,主要是选用半矮秆、抗倒伏、耐密植的品种,窄行密植种植,深松分层施肥,化学除草及选用窄行密植播种机五个方面的技术.     

大豆窄行密植试验研究初报

大豆窄行密植试验研究初报何志鸿刘忠堂魏冀西王国春（黑龙江省科委）（国家大豆工程技术研究中心）（黑龙江省农业技术推广站为了推动黑龙江省大豆生产技术的发展，由省科委立项，自１９９５年起引进美国窄行平作密植大豆高产栽培技术，由省科委和农业厅共同组织攻关，在...     

耕作方式对连作大豆生长发育及产量的影响

采用秋旋耕起垄、秋深松旋耕起垄、春旋耕起垄和春顶浆打垄4种土壤耕作方式,进行田间大区试验,以探讨土壤耕作方式对连作大豆生长发育及产量的影响。试验结果表明,秋旋耕起垄和秋深松旋耕起垄出苗率高于春旋耕起垄和春顶浆打垄,出苗率均达85%以上,秋整地大豆生育期间干重、根瘤重和叶面积指数均高于春整地,秋旋耕起垄大豆根际微生物总数最多,细菌和放线菌数量明显高于春顶浆打垄。秋季整地地下害虫——蛴螬（Holotrichia diomphalia Bates）危害率比春季整地低10%左右,春顶浆打垄危害率高达34.3%。秋整地大豆的灰斑病发生程度、籽粒紫斑粒率和虫食率均低于春整地,秋整地产量较春整地增产16%以上,从本试验可以看出黑龙江省黑土平原区秋整地对连作大豆效果更好。     

水稻籽粒蛋白质含量选择对杂交后代蛋白质含量及氮代谢关键酶活性的影响

 以籽粒蛋白质含量有显著差异的杂交后代及亲本为材料,分析了灌浆成熟过程中叶片蛋白水解酶和籽粒谷氨酰胺合成酶活性以及籽粒可溶性蛋白质含量的变化动态。结果表明,在籽粒蛋白质含量相近的亲本衍生的杂交后代中,通过籽粒蛋白质含量的连续定向选择不仅可以获得籽粒蛋白质含量和叶片蛋白水解酶活性及籽粒谷氨酰胺合成酶活性明显变高或变低的杂种后代,而且可获得蛋白质含量和酶活性超亲的后代;稻米蛋白质含量与灌浆过程中的叶片蛋白水解酶活性呈正相关, 籽粒可溶性蛋白质含量与籽粒谷氨酰胺合成酶活性呈显著负相关。     

Chemical management of Fusarium wilt of watermelon

Watermelon yield loss due to Fusarium wilt is increasing in the U.S., due in part to the emergence of the virulent race 2 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, and to the shift in production to triploid cultivars, which generally have less host resistance than previously grown diploid cultivars. One potential management strategy is the use of soil-applied fungicides to reduce Fusarium wilt. The U.S. national program, interregional project 4 (IR-4) supported multistate trials of soil-applied chemicals to manage Fusarium wilt of watermelon. Greenhouse trials were conducted in Maryland, Indiana and Georgia to test the efficacy of 14 chemicals on Fusarium wilt. Based on the performance of these chemicals in the greenhouse, six in Maryland and Delaware and eight in Indiana were selected for subsequent field evaluations. These chemicals were applied once, as a drench at planting, in field trials in Maryland, Indiana, and Delaware in 2008. The fungicides prothioconazole, acibenzolar-S-methyl, and thiophanate-methyl resulted in the greatest reduction in Fusarium wilt, and caused no phytotoxicity. In Maryland and Indiana in 2009, these chemicals were applied through the drip irrigation line alone and in combination, at 0, 2 and 4 weeks after planting. The experiment was repeated in 2010 in Maryland. Prothioconazole alone and in combination with acibenzolar-S-methyl or/and thiophanate-methyl resulted in the greatest decrease in the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) of Fusarium wilt of watermelon in Maryland in 2009. The same trend was observed in 2010 in Maryland where three of the prothioconazole treatments ranked the lowest of all treatments and prothioconazole in combination with thiophanate-methyl had significantly lower Fusarium wilt AUDPC compared to the non-treated control. All chemical applications except for acibenzolar-S-methyl in combination with prothioconazole reduced Fusarium wilt AUDPC in Indiana in 2009. Prothioconazole alone and prothioconazole in combination with thiophanate-methyl ranked lowest in Fusarium wilt AUDPC, although not significantly lower than most other treatments. These studies are the first to demonstrate that the soil-applied fungicides prothioconazole and thiophanate-methyl may provide an additional field management option for Fusarium wilt of watermelon.     

不同耕作模式对玉米田杂草发生规律的影响

在免耕、旋耕和翻耕玉米田试验区调查杂草种类和出苗数量,并在玉米生长中后期调查杂草种类、株数和鲜重。结果表明,不同耕作模式玉米田杂草发生规律有明显差异。免耕、旋耕和翻耕玉米田禾本科杂草高峰期都在播种后5周发生;阔叶杂草发生高峰期不同,免耕田为播种后1周,旋耕和翻耕田均在播种后2周。杂草种类不同,玉米生长中后期,免耕田有8种杂草,旋耕田有10种,翻耕田有12种;杂草发生总量不同,免耕田杂草总量最多,旋耕田居中,翻耕田最少;杂草单株鲜重不同,免耕田杂草单株鲜重最低,旋耕田居中,翻耕田最高。     

施硼对双低油菜皖油10号氮磷钾硼的吸收及分配的影响

皖油10号不同施硼水平田间试验结果表明，苗期各器官NPK含量、蕾薹期各器官PK含量、盛花期花蕾和茎NP含量及各器官含B量、成熟期角果和籽粒含K量均随施B量增加（0～0．6mp／kg）而升高，再增加施B量，各元素含量均下降。籽粒NPB含量亦如此，其最大施B量为0．7mg／kg。蕾薹期和盛花期各器官含B量及叶含N量、花蕾含K量均随施B量增加而升高，而苗期植株含B量和盛花期根含N量、茎叶含K量却相反。不同生育期各元素分布是地上部分＞根，其地上部分在盛花期各元素分布是花蕾＞叶＞茎；在成熟期NP主要集中于籽粒，角果次之；KB主要集中于角果，籽粒和茎次之。     

Impact of frost and plant age on compensatory growth in timothy and perennial ryegrass during winter

Two cultivars of each of two contrasting grass species, timothy ( Phleum pratense L.) and perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.), sown either in May or July, were sampled for dry matter (DM) weight of roots and herbage in late October (end of main growing season) and examined for regrowth when exposed to a frost treatment (−8 to −10°C in darkness for 48 h) in late January, early March and late April. The frost treatment caused compensatory root and herbage growth, and regrowth of roots in March and April was greater than regrowth of herbage. Early-sown plants had higher DM weights of roots and herbage than late-sown plants in October but had the lowest survival rate when exposed to the frost treatment in April. Compensatory growth of root and herbage in response to moderate frosts occurred in January and March in all cultivars, and in the most frost-resistant timothy cultivar in April. Concentration of total carbohydrates increased from October to March with the greatest increase in the most winter-hardy cultivar of each species, and then decreased in April. An indirect correlation between concentration of total carbohydrates and tolerance to moderate frost was indicated, and plant survival and ability for compensatory growth were also associated with differences in adaptation related to winter survival in the cultivars tested.     

低温驯化及封冻后不同抗寒性小麦品种细胞超微结构的比较

为分析不同抗寒性小麦品种在低温胁迫下细胞超微结构的差异,以抗寒品种东农冬麦1号和对照济麦22为材料,分别在低温驯化期和封冻期用透射电镜观察两个品种分蘖节和叶片的细胞超微结构。结果表明,低温驯化期（11月2日）两个品种分蘖节的细胞超微结构均没有受损。抗寒品种东农冬麦1号分蘖节细胞内有少量质体,且分蘖节的液泡占整个细胞的比例较济麦22小;封冻后10 d,济麦22分蘖节发生严重的质壁分离,线粒体外膜不再清晰,而东农冬麦1号分蘖节内除有的线粒体内外脊不再清晰外,其他细胞器官没有明显变化。封冻后30 d东农冬麦1号发生轻微的质壁分离,细胞核完整,线粒体膜不清晰;济麦22分蘖节细胞内含物基本没有,细胞空泡化。调查期内,济麦22叶片的叶绿体紧贴细胞壁排列,细胞内有较大的中央大液泡,11月2日叶绿体内出现拟脂颗粒,封冻后30 d叶片细胞基本空泡化;东农冬麦1号有一部分叶片细胞的叶绿体在细胞中部聚集,调查期内未见叶绿体内出现拟脂颗粒,封冻后30 d线粒体出现破损,叶绿体排列不再规则,但细胞核仍然清晰。     

不同月份播种对红壤甘蔗干物质与养分积累的影响

甘蔗是广西重要的经济作物.为促进甘蔗高效生产,以甘蔗品种'桂糖42号'为材料,在田间条件下,依据广西甘蔗主要播种月份,设置2月15日、3月15日、4月15日及5月15日4个播种期,分析新植蔗和宿根蔗干物质积累、养分积累及养分经济效率.结果表明,随播期推迟,新植蔗各器官干物质积累量减少;宿根蔗根、叶干物质积累量增加,茎干...     

Age and sex related variations in protein and carbohydrate levels of Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in constant lightness and darkness

Variations in protein and carbohydrate levels correlated with the age and sex of Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in constant lightness and darkness were investigated. Tests were conducted under laboratory conditions at 28 +/- 2 degrees C temperature and 65 +/- 5% relative humidity. Insects were fed on combs without honey. Protein level in 100 mg of adults increased in the first days of adult life of females in connection with their age and then decreased. No difference was observed in males. Carbohydrate level in 100 mg of adults increased in both sexes in connection with their age. In all tests carbohydrate and protein levels of females were found higher than males. Protein and carbohydrate levels of adult G. mellonella varied in connection with the photoperiod regimes implemented. Decrease in the nutrient levels was observed in constant darkness.     

琼脂浓度对水稻愈伤组织植株再生率和内源激素含量的影响

 以盐粳2号脱壳种子为外植体研究了培养基不同浓度琼脂对愈伤组织植株再生率的影响及可能的机理。在分别进行脱分化、分化和继代培养基中琼脂浓度试验时，当琼脂从0.5％提高到1.0％ 植株再生率均显著升高。在继代和分化培养基琼脂浓度均为1.0%时植株再生率最高，而脱分化培养基0.5%或1.0%琼脂和分化培养基1.0%琼脂 组合，再生率最高，两者均为1.0% 琼脂反而降低。试验还表明，随着培养基中琼脂浓度提高，愈伤组织含水量显著降低而脯氨酸含量上升。较高浓度（1.0%）琼脂继代培养的愈伤组织内源ABA含量显著高于较低浓度（0.5%）琼脂的，而ZRs含量则显著较低。同样，在分化培养过程中，较高浓度琼脂分化培养的愈伤组织内源ABA含量显著地高于较低琼脂的，而ZRs含量则相反，但差异不显著。 V 关键词：琼脂浓度：精