C型肉毒梭菌毒素的稳定性测定

本文介绍了对C型肉毒梭茵毒素稳定性的测定结果。结果为:稀释后的毒素对温度十分敏感,在5℃保存24小时,毒力开始下降.后随温度上升,毒力大幅度下降,但阳光照射与否,对毒素毒力影响不大。因此,我省用毒饵法在当年10月到翌年4月杀灭高原鼠免,在4—5月杀灭高原鼢鼠,能保证杀鼠效力。     

C型肉毒梭菌毒素灭鼠新技术示范推广初报

<正> 草地害鼠,已成为发展草地畜牧业的主要障碍之一,引起了各国科学家的重视和关注,并相继研究出各种防治方法和防治技术,收到不同程度的效果。总括起来,防治草地害鼠有物理、化学、生物和农业等方法,其中广泛使用的首推化学灭鼠法。化学灭鼠又称药物灭鼠,具有杀效快,效果好,成本低等优点。但长期使用化学药物,也带来污染环境、二次中毒、     

C型肉毒梭菌毒素杀灭高原鼠兔试验

<正> 有史以来,鼠类就与人类为敌。鼠类给人类带来的巨大灾难,绝不亚于其他自然灾旱,鼠患危害之烈,已受到全世界的普遍关注。夏河县草场高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson)危害面积达43.3万亩,占整个鼠害总面积的37.98％。由于高原鼠兔啃食牧草嫩茎、叶、花、种子及根茎,抑制了优良牧草的生长发育,减少了草场可利用面积。同时,高原鼠兔频繁活动,挖洞形成大片“黑土滩”,造成草     

肉毒梭菌毒素灭鼠研究进展

就肉毒梭菌毒素用于灭鼠的研究和应用情况进行了综述，充分肯定了C型肉毒梭菌毒素灭鼠制剂毒力强，适口性好，对非靶动物毒性低，作用缓慢，无2次中毒，易降解和适合于规模灭鼠的特点，为鼠害防治提供了新的思路。     

C型肉毒梭菌毒素灭鼠剂试验与灭鼠效果的研究

对Ｃ型肉毒梭菌干燥毒素的ＬＤ５０,耐药性,蓄积中毒,致畸,毒饵残效期,保存期及灭效方面进行了实验研究,结果为高原鼠兔ＬＤ５０６．７０μｌ／ｋｇ,ＳＬＤ５０１．６７μｌ／ｋｇ,ＬＤ５０９５％置信限３．４７～１１．７０μｌ／ｋｇ小白鼠ＬＤ５０１７０．７０μｌ／ｋｇ,ＳＬＤ５０４．９１μｌ／ｋｇ,ＬＤ５０９５％置信限１０３．００～２４７．００μｌ／ｋｇ,高原鼠兔摄食系数为１．０７,校正灭洞率８６．２１％     

C型肉毒梭菌毒素毒饵稳定性的试验研究

C型肉毒梭菌毒素毒饵在天然草地上放置6天内,试鼠高原鼠兔死亡率为90～100％;8～10天逐渐分解为基本无毒。试鼠死亡高峰期为采食毒饵后3～4天,并且5天内已接触过毒素的试鼠不产生明显的耐药性。     

Isoelectric Characterization of Clostridium Botulinum Type C Toxin

The physico-chemical laws controlling natural pH gradients that have been developed by stationary electrolysis have been described in earlier papers by Svensson (2, 3). As demonstrated by Svensson (4) the resolving power attained by this method is better than 0.2 pH unit. In a later paper (5) the same author described the use of synthetic carrier ampholytes, and it was shown that a still better resolving power could be produced.     

Susceptibility of Foxes to Clostridium Botulinum Type C and E Toxins

Investigations were performed to determine the exact susceptibility of foxes to Clostridium botulinum type C and E toxins.Doses of 5 mill. MLD type C toxin mixed with the feed did not cause symptoms of botulism in either cubs or adult foxes. Subcutaneous injections of 300,100(0 MLD or more were fatal to cubs, while 750,000 MLD caused the death of all adults.Regarding type E toxin, doses of 1 mill. MLD affected neither cubs nor adults on oral administration. Subcutaneously injected doses of 5,000 MLD or more killed all cubs, while 10,000 MLD was required to produce lethal effect on adult animals.The conclusion made is that foxes are highly resistant to both type C and E Clostridium botulinum toxins following oral application. It is further revealed that foxes are 60–70 times more susceptible to type E than to type C toxin when injected subcutaneously.     

2000年我国草原鼠害发生状况及防治对策

2000年我国青海、新疆、内蒙古、四川分别发生不同程度的草原鼠害,经济损失巨大。对鼠害发生区的草原以及江源地区的生态环境和水土保持造成严重破坏。草原鼠灾发生的主要特点是:害鼠以小型群居鼠类或地下生活的鼠种为主。草原害鼠加剧了草场退化和荒漠化进程。过度或不合理放牧是鼠灾“爆发”的诱发成因。本文提出防治鼠害发生的对策:建立健全鼠灾预警系统;推广综合防治示范区;讲究合理用药与用药安全;加强对牧工的培训,合理安排草场载畜量;统筹安排畜牧、环境保护与卫生部门的经费,发挥地方政府和群众及各方面积极性。     

Clostridium perfringens Type C Enterotoxemia

Forms of enteric disease caused by Clostridium perfringens type C are critically reviewed with emphasis on practical aspects and recent research findings. Available data indicate that more animal species may be fatally infected by type C of this organism than by any other type of C. perfringens. Fatal cases have been recorded in pigs, cattle, sheep, horses and humans. Newborn animals are typically the most susceptible, possibly related to aspects of bacterial colonization, intestinal digestive functions, and to some other, unexplained, factors. Both beta toxin and the bacterial cells are required to initiate pathogenesis at the tips of jejunal villi, and subsequent massive adherence of these cells to necrotic mucosa is a characteristic feature. Although major lesions occur in the intestine, death is due to toxemia. The disease can be effectively controlled by vaccination of the dam. Epizootiology of this disease is a possible area for further studies.     

The Inhibition of Clostridium Botulinum Type B and E in Salami Sausage

Vegetative cells and spores of Clostridium botulinum type B and E were inoculated into salami sausages with and without the preservatives sodium nitrite and sodium benzoate. The growth and toxin production of Clostridium botulinum type B and E were inhibited in this type of salami sausages, even without any addition of preservatives. The use of a starter culture with pH-lowering components has both technological and hygienic advantages.     

草原害鼠资源综合开发利用与鼠害防治新途径初探

初步研究了川西北草地主要害鼠高原鼢鼠、高原鼠兔的综合开发利用,探索了化害为益,有效防治害鼠,保护草原生态环境的新途径。     

草原鼠害防治建设与管理

近年,国家高度重视草原生态环境保护,加大人工种草力度,天然草场的生态环境得到恢复。但草原利用不合理,过量放牧,超载放牧并没有得到有效的控制,草原生态环境恶化加重,在此背景下给草原鼠害的发生流行提供条件。草原鼠害是危害草地生态环境的主要害虫,一旦发生流行,不但会降低草原的载蓄量,使得优质牧草的显著下降,且还会造成草原生态环境严重恶化,进一步加重人、畜、草地之间的矛盾,影响草地畜牧养殖产业的健康发展。该文主要论述内蒙古亚克石市草原除害的防治现状,并提出草原鼠害防治的建设与管理措施。     

草原害鼠资源综合开发利用与鼠害防治新途径初探

初步研究了川西北草地主要害鼠高原鼢鼠、高原鼠兔的综合开发利用,探索了化害为益,有效防治害鼠,保护草原生态环境的新途径.     

鼠类分布与"黑土滩"退化草地形成原因的研究

通过测定不同退化程度草地鼠类种群数量的变化，鼠类分布对草地的破坏程度，鼠类不同密度区植被地上生物量、地被覆盖度、植株高度，分析了草地植被群落的变化对鼠类数量的影响及鼠类种群密度与植被的关系。结果表明：随着草地退化程度的加重，鼠类的种群数量相应升高，重度退化草地中鼠类的种群密度降低。在鼠类分布影响下，植被地上生物量、地被覆盖度、植株高度均表现为不均匀分布。