人参须皂甙成分的分析

目的：为人参须皂甙的开发利用提供科学依据。方法：用薄层色谱法对人参须中的皂甙进行薄层色谱分析，用分光光度法测定其总皂甙的含量。结果：人参须中皂甙的组成成分与人参主根基本一致；线性范围0-240μg，平均回收率为101.77% ,RSD=2.19%。结论：以人参须为原料提取人参皂甙是可行的。     

人参皂甙对肉用仔鸡增重效果的观察

人参是一种珍贵药材,研究证明,人参茎叶也具有与参根相似的药理作用,而且活性成分(人参皂甙)高于人参根,近年来人参皂甙开始应用于人医临床,但在畜牧业上的应用尚未见报道。为探讨人参皂甙对肉用仔鸡的增重效果,进行了用人参茎叶(含皂甙3％)配合饲料饲养AA商品肉鸡的试验。     

几种植物提取物饲料添加剂的功能及应用

<正>植物提取物是以植物为原料,经过物理化学提取分离,获取到浓集植物中的某一种或多种有效成分,而不改变其有效成分结构的中间体。植物提取物饲料添加剂的主要活性成分及功效植物中含有丰富而复杂的有机成分,其中许多有机成分都具有抗菌抑菌、抗氧化、双向调节机体免疫功能等生物活性。目前报道较多的天然植物提取物有皂甙、生物碱、多糖、茶多酚、黄酮类、挥发油等。1皂甙皂甙是由皂甙元和糖、糖醛     

紫花苜蓿生物活性成分研究进展

分别介绍了紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa中的几类生物活性成分的研究进展.近年来研究表明,紫花苜蓿的茎、叶中含有50余种营养素及未知生长因子,营养成分比其它植物丰富.其植株含有丰富的植物蛋白、膳食纤维、皂甙、类黄酮和酚醛酸等具有药用价值的生物活性成分,这使紫花苜蓿生物活性成分的工业化开发利用成为热点.     

三萜皂甙的免疫调节作用

三萜皂甙是天然药物中一类重要的生物活性成分。本文对近年来天然药物中三萜皂甙的免疫调节作用作一综述，并就影响三萜皂甙免疫调节作用的因素、研究中存在的问题、三萜皂甙作为免疫佐剂的可行性提出自己的见解，为开发研制高效、低毒、结构新颖的免疫佐剂提供参考。     

新型植物保健调控剂在豁仔鹅生产中的应用效果研究

以大豆粕为原料，经先进的提取工艺，提取出具有多种活性物质复合的畜禽保健调控剂，其主要生物活性成分为：水苏糖≥20％，棉子糖≥6％，大豆异黄酮≥1．4％，皂甙≥8％，多肽≥35％，经豁仔鹅饲养试验表明，在饲料中可替代抗生素使用，能够显著提高增重、提高成活率和蛋白质沉积，是一种具有开发前景的新型保健调控剂产品。     

HPLC法测定中药注射液回阳液中人参皂甙Rb1的含量

回阳液是西南大学动物科技学院药学教研室研制的用于兽医临床的一种抗休克急救中药注射液。由人参、附子、丹参等药味组成。具有回阳救逆、抗厥脱之功效．用于诸如失血性休克、内毒素休克、酸中毒体克等的急救有较好的疗效。人参是回阳液的君药，其主要活性成分是人参皂甙，笔者采用HPLC法测定该制剂中的人参皂甙Rb、的含量．以期为该药进行质量控制提供快速、准确的测定方法。     

人参茎叶皂甙对蛋鸡产蛋力的影响

人参茎叶——皂甙含量为3%,其主要成分为:水—6.97%,粗蛋白4.5%,EF5.7%,灰分10.87%,钙3.52%,磷1.31%。通过喂鸡试验,结果为:     

高效液相色谱法测定饲料中大豆异黄酮

为了建立检测天然植物饲料添加剂中大豆异黄酮类主要成分含量的快速分析方法,采用HPLC法,分别以大豆中的大豆甙、染料木甙、大豆素、染料木素为标准品,在其紫外最大吸收峰260nm处,测定样品分离提取的样液,从而得出大豆异黄酮类各主要单体的含量。     

几种天然药物成分在体外CEF中最大安全浓度的测定

采用组织细胞培养方法，测试了板蓝根多糖、当归多糖、黄芪多糖、黄芪皂甙、人参皂、淫羊藿多糖、蜂胶多糖、蜂胶黄酮、黄芪黄酮、羊藿黄酮共10种天然药物成分在鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEF）体外培养中的最大安全浓度。结果表明：黄芪多糖、当归多糖对鸡胚成纤维细胞毒性最低，最大安全达1562.5μg/mL，其后依次是板蓝根多糖、人参皂甙、黄芪黄酮、黄芪皂甙、蜂胶黄酮的毒性最大，其最大安全浓度仅4.883μg/mL。多糖成分的毒性较黄酮成分小。     

大豆皂甙对异育银鲫非特异性免疫防御力、肝胰脏功能及血清生化指标的影响

以鱼粉基础料和30%豆粕饲料为对照,向鱼粉基础料中添加0.1%~0.9%大豆皂甙,在室内循环系统中养殖异育银鲫(Allogynogenetic silver crucian carp)(Carassius auratus gibelio ♀×Cyprinus carpio ♂)70 d,分析测定了鱼体血清和肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、粘液溶菌酶(LSZ)、血清和肝胰脏丙氨酸转氨酸(ALT)和天门冬氨酸转氨酸(AST)活力、血清血糖(GLU)、甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(CHO)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)等指标.结果表明:①摄食含大豆皂甙饲料的异育银鲫血清SOD活力较2个对照组高,血清血糖含量较低.②各试验组肝胰脏SOD活力、LSZ活力、血清脂质成分、血清和肝胰脏ALT和AST活力差异不显著(P＞0.05).结论:大豆皂甙对异育银鲫的非特异性免疫防御力有促进作用,对肝胰脏功能和血清生化指标没有显著影响.     

大豆皮在奶牛、肉牛和猪饲养中的应用(1)

前言大豆作为蛋白质来源已有五千多年的历史。中国首先提倡种植大豆,本世纪初传入美国。起初,人们主要关心大豆的含油量,提出油以后的大豆粕和大豆皮仅仅是副产品。不久,大豆粕中蛋白质的优异品质被人们所认识。从此,大豆粕成了猪、鸡日粮中补充蛋白质的主要来源。大豆加工时可     

大豆皮在奶牛、肉牛和猪饲养中的应用(2)

3大豆皮对奶牛和肉牛的饲用价值用大豆皮替代奶牛混合精料中的燕麦或玉米并不会使产奶量和产奶效率下降(Kung和Lin,1997;Kohlm eier,1996)。Owen等(1984)在3个独立的奶牛试验中用大豆皮代替21%￣50%的混合谷物,产奶量、产奶效率未受显著影响。在后来的研究中(Nakam ura和Owen,1     

The binding of soybean agglutinin (SBA) to the intestinal epithelium of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fed high levels of soybean meal.

A lectin present in soya, soybean agglutinin (SBA), was identified in electrophoretic profiles and immunoblots of dehulled solvent-extracted soybean meal (DSSM), full-fat soybean meal (FFSM) and of aqueous extracts of feeds incorporating them in their formulation. A quantitative estimation was made of the proportion of SBA comprising the total protein in FFSM and a trial diet was prepared containing an amount of pure SBA similar to that in diets incorporating high levels of the whole soya product. Fish fed with this diet exhibited similar pathological disruption of the intestinal tract to that observed in fish given a diet with a high level of DSSM (60% of the diet). Furthermore, immuno-histochemistry revealed the binding of the SBA to the enterocytes lining the intestinal villi both of fish fed a diet incorporating pure SBA and those fed a diet containing a high-level of soya (60%). Our results suggest that SBA binds in vivo to the intestinal epithelium of fish and has a contributory role in pathological changes associated with fish feeds containing high levels of soybean proteins.     

Apparent metabolisable energy and digestibility of shea (Vitellaria paradoxa) fat, cocoa (Theobroma cacao) fat and soybean oil in broiler chicks

1. The objective of this experiment was to determine and compare the apparent lipid digestibility coefficient and apparent metabolisable energy (AME) value of shea nut (Vitellaria paradoxa, Gaertn.) fat in broiler chickens with that of soybean oil and cocoa fat. 2. One hundred and sixty 13-d-old male broiler chicks were used in a randomised complete block design. The fats were added at 30, 60 and 90 g/kg to a basal diet. A tenth dietary treatment was the basal feed with no added fats or oils. The birds were fed on the diets for 8 d and all droppings were collected for the final 4 d. 3. The mean coefficient of apparent lipid digestibility for shea fat (0.58) was similar to that of cocoa fat (0.54) but lower than that of soybean oil (0.95). There was evidence of a lipid x concentration interaction with the 90 g/kg shea fat diet having low lipid digestibility (0.43). 4. There was an interaction between the effects of dietary lipid concentration and test lipid on AME but, at dietary levels of 60 g/kg and below, the AME of shea fat (22.0 MJ/kg DM) and cocoa fat (26.4 MJ/kg DM) was significantly lower than that of soybean oil (39.8 MJ/kg DM).     

进口大豆与进口豆油、豆粕关系

一、我国大豆、豆油和豆粕进出口情况 1.大豆贸易状况 大豆一直是我国传统出口创汇产品,长期以来我国一直是大豆出口大国,1950～1960年年均出口量109万t,其中1959年出口173万t,为历史上最高出口年份。1977～1982年我国大豆出口量减少到年均15万t,我国成为大豆净进口国,但是每年进口量不大,只有19～53万t。1983～1995年我国又成为大豆净出口国,其中1985～1994年年均出口约118万t。     

当前我国大豆、豆油和豆粕市场形势分析

一、我国大豆生产现状:单产水平偏低,产量增长缓慢 1991-2001年,我国大豆产量增长缓慢,播种面积和单产都很不稳定.播种面积在704～950万hm2之间徘徊,单产在1410～1790kg/hm2之间波动,产量由1994年1600万t下降到2001年1541万t.     

The binding of soybean agglutinin (SBA) to the intestinal epithelium of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar and Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fed high levels of soybean meal

A lectin present in soya, soybean agglutinin (SBA), was identified in electrophoretic profiles and immunoblots of dehulled solvent-extracted soybean meal (DSSM), full-fat soybean meal (FFSM) and of aqueous extracts of feeds incorporating them in their formulation. A quantitative estimation was made of the proportion of SBA comprising the total protein in FFSM and a trial diet was prepared containing an amount of pure SBA similar to that in diets incorporating high levels of the whole soya product. Fish fed with this diet exhibited similar pathological disruption of the intestinal tract to that observed in fish given a diet with a high level of DSSM (60% of the diet). Furthermore, immuno-histochemistry revealed the binding of the SBA to the enterocytes lining the intestinal villi both of fish fed a diet incorporating pure SBA and those fed a diet containing a high-level of soya (60%). Our results suggest that SBA binds in vivo to the intestinal epithelium of fish and has a contributory role in pathological changes associated with fish feeds containing high levels of soybean proteins.     

豆粕质量与尿酶活性和蛋白质溶解度(1)

引言大豆蛋白质是家禽日粮中最重要的、也是质量最好的植物蛋白质饲料,除蛋氨酸略缺乏外,其他各种氨基酸都接近理想平衡。豆粕质量受能量、蛋白质、纤维素和氨基酸等营养素含量的影响,例如普通豆粕与去皮豆粕间在某些指标上存在较大的差别(表1)。去皮豆粕由于纤维素含量低而有较高的能量水平,但是蛋白质水平高的豆粕却不一定是低纤维、高能量的。一般而言,在去皮豆粕中纤维素含量正常达3.5%以上时,每增加1%纤维素,每千克猪饲料的代谢能下降32￣42Kcal,而每千克禽饲料则下降将近60Kcal。另一方面,受加工工艺影响,豆粕的氨基酸含量和氨基酸消…