四倍体、三倍体及二倍体桑杂交结实性及种子质量的研究

用89份人工四倍体桑,38份二倍体桑及某三倍体桑人工授粉杂交,研究三倍体杂交组合、四倍体杂交组合及三倍体桑与二倍体、四倍体桑杂交的结实性和种子的粒重、发芽率。结果表明：三倍体组合中。2n×4n有77%的组合、4n×2n有60%的组合,其每椹种子达15粒以上,极大部分（90%）的三倍体组合的种子发芽率达到85%以上,四倍体杂交组合（4n×4n）中,有71.9%的组合每椹种子15粒以上,有69.6%的组合其种子发芽率达到85%以上,每棋种子15粒以上,且种子发芽率85%以上的组合占56.1%。证明选配到繁殖系数达到二倍体杂交组合水平的四倍体杂交组合是可能的。多数4n×4n的种子较大、较重;同一母本,与四倍体父本杂交的种子稍重,大部分三倍体桑有一定的可孕性,但结实粒数很少;三倍体桑“9446-7”与四倍体、二倍体父本杂交共6个组合,平均每椹种子为2.7-8.6粒,种子成苗率最高达59.8%。     

桃早熟新品种——早红露

“早红露”桃是以优良单株63-17-1（奉化玉露X早生水蜜）作母本,优良单株77-1-29[优良单株62-3（白花水蜜X桔早生）×朝霞]作父本,杂交育成的早熟新桃品种。2010年通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定并定名。     

商品瘦肉猪综合饲养技术（一）

1 育肥用仔猪的选择 1．1 选择性能优良的杂种猪 仔猪质量对育肥效果具有很大的影响，在我国的肉猪生产中，大多利用二元或三元杂种仔猪进行育肥，因为杂种猪具有生长速度快、饲料利用率高、体质健壮等优点。所用的二元杂种，大多是以我国地方猪种或培育猪种为母本，与引进的国外品种猪为父本杂交产生；三元杂种猪大多是以我国地方猪种或培养猪种为母本，与引进的国外品种猪作父本的杂种一代母猪作母本，再与引进的国外肉用型品种作终端父本杂交而产生。     

推广人工三倍体新桑品种 促进蚕桑生产的发展

1 前言 桑树新品种嘉陵16号系由西南农业大学蚕桑丝绸学院（原蚕学系，1986选用四倍体桑（西庆一号）作母本，二位体桑（育二号）作父本，进行人工杂交，培育出的人工三倍体育新桑品     

湘白母猪与长×大母猪繁殖性能比较

1引言湘白猪是湖南省畜牧研究所培育出的瘦肉型母系新品种，有4个品系，其中1系于1989年通过鉴定验收后，益阳市农科所及赫山区（原益阳县用1进、推广，即以湘白猪作母本，杜洛克猪作父本，其杂交后代经过强度培育，体重达40～43kg时试销香港，得到港商好评．从此以湘白猪作为生产中猪的母本，在益阳地区得到了推广应用．我省各猪场利用长×大杂母猪作母本，用杜洛克猪作父本，生产杜X长·大三元杂交商品猪，主要以活大猪的形式供港销售，亦可作为中猪供港销售．为了给生产提供依据，现利用本场饲养的湘白母猪和长X大杂交母猪的生产繁殖成…     

人工三倍体桑品种圌桑13号选育成绩初报

以优质,高产,适应性强和大叶易採为育种目标,将塘10×伦109 F1杂交桑诱导为四倍体J—402,此为母本,与二倍体地方种四川花桑为父本杂交,经系统选择,优选育成三倍体桑品种圌桑13号。经实验园和田间品比试验,该品种与二倍体对照种湖32号相比,全年平均产叶量增产41.55%,养蚕的万头蚕茧层量提高6.84%,100kg桑产茧量提高8.35%;抗旱性强,抗黒枯细菌病;并表现发芽率高,枝叶生长旺盛,叶质优,叶片肥大,秋叶硬化迟,採叶效率高等优良的三倍体桑特性。     

桑树多倍体育种的研究 Ⅰ.桑树三倍体植株育成

本试验选用四倍体湖桑197号(2n=56)为母本,二倍体的桐乡青(2n=20)和新一之濑(2n=28)二个桑品种的混合花粉为父本,进行人工杂交,育成了三倍体桑(2n=3x=42)二个单株,经体细胞染色体镜检,染色体数为42,形态上观察,花而不实,高度不孕,显示出典型的三倍体桑特征。这二个单株暂定名为杭临桑1号和杭临桑2号。     

草莓耐贮新品种星都1号的选育

星都1号（原代号90—6—2,1995年暂定名为星都1号）是北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所1990年以全明星作母本、丰香作父本杂交育成的草莓新品种。果实硬度明显大于亲本全明星和丰香。2000年通过北京市农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

金翠香梨在宽甸栽培表现

金翠香梨是辽宁省庄河市石山乡农民育种家刘庆林于1981年采用雪花梨作母本、庄河1号梨(长十郎×贵妃)作父本杂交育成。1998年从刘庆林家引进金翠     

湘沙猪配套系营养特性研究及科学养殖技术

湘沙猪配套系是利用我国地方品种沙子岭猪和国外引进猪种为育种素材,采用常规育种和分子育种技术培育而成的优质猪配套系,湘沙猪配套系由三个专门化品系组成（终端父本XS1,母系父本XS2,母系母本XS3）。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。