Chromosomal effect in vivo of exposure to lysergic acid diethylamide

Chromosome studies of persons exposed to lysergic acid diethylamide, either self-administered or received during medical therapy, failed to demonstrate significant chromosomal damage.     

( 3 H)lysergic acid diethylamide: cellular autoradiographic localization in rat brain

Intravenous administration of [(3)H]lysergic acid diethylamide(LSD) to rats resulted in accumulation of the drug in the brain within 15 minutes. Autoradiographic methods were used to differentiate free and bound [(3)H]LSD in brain tissue.Free [(3)H]LSD was generally distributed in the pituitary and pineal glands, cerebellum, hippocampus,and choroid plexus.Bound [(3)H]LSD was localized in neurons of the cortex, caudate nucleus, midbrain, and medulla,as well as in choroid plexus epithelium.     

Congenital malformations in hamster embryos after treatment with vinblastine and vincristine

Intravenous injection of vinblastine or vincristine, two antitumor chemotherapeutic agents used in humans, into pregnant golden hamsters on the 8th day of gestation, causes an increase in the fetal mortality rate and the appearance of a significant number of congenital malformations in the surviving fetuses.     

Leukemia, lymphoma, and osteosarcoma induced in the Syrian golden hamster by simian virus 40

Leukemia, lymphoma, and osteogenic and anaplastic sarcomas develop in Syrian golden hamsters inoculated intravenously at 3 weeks of age with simian virus 40, which is a popova virus. Previously, only RNA and herpes DNA viruses have been recognized as capable of inducing leukemia and lymphoma in mammals. The significance of these findings is emphasized in relation to the nature of viral agents that may be involved in analogous diseases of man.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide: dissociation of its behavioral and hyperthermic actions by DL-alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine

Rabbits treated with LSD 25 exhibit characteristic signs of hyper-excitability, increased peripheral sympathetic activity, and hyperthermia. When the rabbits received prior treatment with DL-(alpha)-methyl-p-tyrosine, the excitation and sympathetic actions of LSD 25 were abolished or attenuated, but the hyperthermia was unchanged from that of the controls. Concentrations of norepinephrine in brain stems of treated rabbits were greatly decreased. The excitation of central nervous system and sympathomimetic actions of LSD 25 in the rabbit are apparently mediated by norepinephrine, whereas the hyperthermic action functions. through a nonadrenergic mechanism.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide: sensitive neuronal units in the midbrain raphe

Units in areas of the midbrain rich in neurons containing serotonin respond to parenteral injections of d-lysergic acid diethylamide by a reversible cessation of spontaneous activity. The dose required is at or below threshold for gross behavioral effects. An inhibition of neurons containing serotonin after administration of d-lysergic acid diethylamide could account for the decreased metabolism of serotonin produced by this drug.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide and stimulus generalization: rate-dependent effects

A stimulus generalization procedure was used to investigate the effects of LSD on sensitivity to auditory stimuli in rats. The shape of the generalization gradient was changed after administration of the drug only with a dose which produced decreases in relatively high rates of responding.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide: effects on the developing mouse lens

High doses (5 x 10-(6) gram) of LSD-25 given to Swiss-Webster females on gestation days 6, 7, 8, or 9 caused a high incidence of anterior subcapsular lens abnormalities. Accompanying this, the lens epithelium was often hyperplastic, and the lens bow was widened posteriorly in a fashion similar to cataracts induced by x-radiation. Confirmation of this effect of LSD-25 was obtained by a (duplicate) experiment 1 year after the observations reported.     

麦角酰胺产生菌Claviceps paspali的复合诱变及理性筛选

麦角酰胺是由麦角菌(Claviceps paspali)所产生的次级代谢产物,具有多种药理活性,目前已广泛用于治疗神经内分泌、脑血管系统的疾病以及产后止血,同时还作为原料用于合成其他重要药物。根据麦角酰胺的生物合成途径,以麦角酰胺产生菌HY17-3为初始菌株,经紫外诱变(UV)与甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)复合诱变后,逐步筛选出乙酸钠、5-甲基色氨酸、丁二酸、山梨醇以及麦角酸的耐受株,最终得到高产菌株HY73-9,其摇瓶发酵效价达到590μg·mL-1,与初始菌株HY17-3(300μg·mL-1)相比,麦角酰胺的产量提高了97%。通过传代实验表明该菌株的高产遗传特性稳定。发酵罐发酵(30 L)实验显示麦角酰胺的产量可达815μg·mL-1,与初始菌株HY17-3相比,产量提高了172%。研究对于利用Claviceps paspali进行麦角酰胺的工业化生产具有重要意义。     

Complement-fixing antigens in hamster tumors induced by the Bryan strain of Rous sarcoma virus

Hamster tumors transplanted subcutaneously from primary intracranial tumors which developed after inoculation of the Bryan strain of Rous sarcoma virus, contained virusspecific tumor antigens indistinguishable from those induced by the Schmidt-Ruppin strain.     

Angiogenesis induced by degradation products of hyaluronic acid

Partial degradation products of sodium hyaluronate produced by the action of testicular hyaluronidase induced an angiogenic response (formation of new blood vessels) on the chick chorioallantoic membrane. Neither macromolecular hyaluronate nor exhaustively digested material had any angiogenic potential. Fractionation of the digestion products established that the activity was restricted to hyaluronate fragments between 4 and 25 disaccharides in length.     

高效液相色谱法测定牛奶中苯甲酸、山梨酸和糖精钠

建立了采用高效液相色谱法同时测定牛奶中苯甲酸、山梨酸和糖精钠的分析方法,牛奶样品经水提取、离心后直接进样,于230 nm处检测,外标法定性、定量。结果表明:苯甲酸、山梨酸和糖精钠在15 min内能得到较好的分离,检出限分别为0.06、0.07、0.08 mg/kg,样品加标平均回收率在90%～105%之间。