进口鳄鱼霍乱弧菌分离鉴定及药敏试验

在某鳄鱼养殖场抽检的60份进口鳄鱼肛拭子样品中,有12份检出霍乱弧菌。通过生化试验和血清学分型等鉴定,确认12株霍乱弧菌均为非O1非O139群霍乱弧菌。采用18种抗菌药物进行药敏试验,结果显示所有菌株对大多数抗菌药物高度敏感,对四环素等药物中度敏感,对氨苄青霉素和氧呱嗪青霉素不敏感。     

泰国进口鳄鱼霍乱弧菌药敏试验

在某鳄鱼养殖场抽检的60份泰国进口鳄鱼肛拭子样品中,有12份检出霍乱弧菌。通过生化试验和血清学分型等鉴定,确认12株霍乱弧菌均为非O₁非O₁₃₉群霍乱弧菌。采用18种抗菌药物进行药敏试验,结果显示所有菌株对大多数抗菌药物高度敏感,对四环素等药物中度敏感,对氨苄青霉素和氧呱嗪青霉素不敏感。     

犬源铜绿假单胞菌的分离与鉴定

为了确定一株从犬子宫蓄脓的脓汁中分离的细菌的属性及致病性和敏感药物,试验采用病原分离培养、生化试验、动物致病性试验、药敏试验及16S rRNA基因鉴定方法对该菌株进行研究。结果表明:分离菌为铜绿假单胞菌,具有较强的致病性,对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、头孢类抗生素敏感,对其他抗菌药物如青霉素、阿奇霉素、四环素、万古霉素等耐药。     

奶牛乳房炎常见致病菌的分离及药敏试验

对呼和浩特市周边患有奶牛乳房炎的50份奶样进行细菌分离鉴定、致病性评估及药敏试验,初步探讨奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌的耐药特征,比较蒙药与抗生素的抗菌差异。试验结果显示:患有奶牛乳房炎的奶样检出金黄色葡萄球菌18株,占分离菌的37%;链球菌13株,占分离菌的27%;大肠杆菌17株,占分离菌的35%。药敏试验结果表明,金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌对青霉素、头孢噻吩、阿莫西林、克林霉素等药物不敏感,耐药率达到88%以上;而链球菌对青霉素及克林霉素、链霉素不敏感,耐药率达到84.6%以上,对环丙沙星、红霉素、四环素等中度敏感或不敏感。2种蒙药复方对奶牛常见致病菌的抑菌圈直径均大于15.56 mm。在奶牛乳房炎常见菌对青霉素类、头孢类、林可酰胺类药物产生一定的耐药性的情况下,2种蒙药复方对奶牛乳房炎常见菌具有良好的抗菌作用,无耐药性。     

奶牛铜绿假单胞菌的分离与鉴定

从奶牛颈部脓肿中分离出一株革兰氏阴性杆菌,经生物学特性研究和生理生化试验鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌.该菌对小鼠有很强的致病性,药物敏感性试验对氟哌酸、氧氟沙星、先锋必等抗生素高度敏感;对庆大霉素、氨苄青霉素、链霉素等抗生素有耐药性.     

宁夏部分地区腹泻羔羊源大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验

为掌握宁夏地区羔羊腹泻源大肠埃希菌的耐药性,采集腹泻羔羊肛拭子90份,开展大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验。结果分离到78株大肠埃希菌,对头孢类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类、氟苯尼考、青霉素类、四环素等抗菌药物有较高的敏感性,对万古霉素、复方新诺明、克林霉素耐药(耐药率78.21%~94.87%)。结果表明,宁夏地区羔羊腹泻源大肠埃希菌对抗菌药物保持较高的敏感率,耐药现象并不严重。     

自制药敏纸片对鸡致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性检验

用自行制备药敏试验纸片，对某中型鸡场的鸡源致病性大肠杆菌进行了９种抗菌药物的敏感性体外试验。结果表明：硫酸新霉素、盐酸环丙沙星为高度敏感；中草药制剂氯霉素为中度敏感；庆大霉素、卡那霉素、氟哌酸、大肠杆素菌净、氨苄青霉素为低度敏感性药物。     

雏鸡大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

对长春市某鸡场送检的10只2日龄疑似患大肠埃希菌病死亡的雏鸡进行了实验室诊断。无菌采集病死鸡的心、肝、脾、肺、肾等组织,通过细菌检测、PCR鉴定、生化试验、血清型鉴定、动物回归试验等系统鉴定,确定其为大肠埃希菌。分离菌药敏试验结果表明,该菌株对复方新诺明、庆大霉素、链霉素等药物敏感,对丙氟哌酸、恩诺沙星、氨苄青霉素、左氟沙星等大多数抗菌药物高度耐药。     

鸵鸟大肠埃希菌病的细菌分离鉴定

无菌采取病死鸵鸟心血、肝脏、肺、肾,进行病原的分离鉴定、动物试验与药敏试验.结果表明,此次发病由大肠埃希菌引起,分离菌对小白鼠和雏鸡有较强致病力;该菌对头孢噻肟和头孢曲松高度敏感,对卡那霉素和阿米卡星中度敏感,对氧氟沙星、四环素、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、复方新诺明等抗菌药物有耐药性.     

驴沙门菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

为了查找妊娠母驴流产原因,本试验对1头流产驴驹进行剖检和细菌分离,从菌落、菌体形态、生化特性、PCR鉴定、序列分析、药敏试验等多方面进行了鉴定。结果表明,分离菌株为沙门菌,2株分离菌核苷酸序列之间的同源性为98. 6%。其耐药性差,对复方新诺明等7种药物均敏感;对庆大霉素等3种药物中度敏感;仅对青霉素等4种药物有耐药性。提示:在临床上可选用敏感药物防治驴沙门菌感染,本试验为妊娠母驴流产原因查找提供了理论依据。     

鲤鱼肺炎克雷伯氏菌分离与鉴定

初步了解肺炎克雷伯氏菌在鲤鱼鱼体中的发病机制并筛选防治药物,为预防和治疗该病提供准确实验数据。对发病鲤鱼进行细菌分离纯化,通过革兰氏染色反应,生理生化反应测定单菌落特性,进行细菌回归试验和药敏试验。对注射菌液后发病的鱼进行细菌再分离,得到革兰氏阴性菌,并且与七叶苷及其它17种指标反应呈阳性,与戊二酰-甘氨酸-精氨酸-AMC及其它11种指标反应呈阴性,注射该菌液48 h后鱼体出现与疑似病例相同病症。分离得到的细菌,按《伯杰氏细菌鉴定手册》进行鉴定,确定为肺炎克雷伯氏菌。药敏试验结果表明该菌对亚胺培南等6种药物高度敏感。本试验首次从鲤鱼体内分离出肺炎克雷伯氏菌,并得到6种高度敏感的药物,同时阐明了肺炎克雷伯氏菌在鲤鱼中发病症状。     

生产性能测定站对生长猪生产性能和行为的影响

本试验旨在研究生产性能测定站对猪生产性能和行为的影响。选用平均体重为28.2 kg的大白猪122头,公、母各半,按圈随机分成3组,分别为试验1组(普通料槽15头组)、试验2组(测定站15头组)及试验3组(测定站8头组),试验1、2组各3个重复,试验3组4个重复,试验期44 d。试验前对测定站精准性进行评价;试验期间测定猪生产性能和皮肤损伤,并对猪行为进行录像。结果表明,测定站料槽和体重称量秤精准性符合其技术参数;3组之间猪生产性能均无显著差异(P>0.05),试验3组猪的末重变异系数呈下降趋势(44.48%),试验1组猪的末重、平均日增重和平均日采食量略高于试验2组;测定站极显著增加了猪的皮肤损伤评分(P<0.01),极显著增加了试验2组第1天时的攻击行为(P<0.01),极显著降低了第7天的攻击行为(P<0.01),但采食猪所占比例相对较低,试验2组显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)提高了猪的圈友操纵行为。     

生物制品中汞类防腐剂含量测定方法国研究

本试验,拟定了用双硫腙-四氯化碳萃取光度法测定疫苗中汞的测定路线,该方法灵敏度、准确度高.     

中药复方制剂对猪高致病性蓝耳病的药效评价

用抗病毒中药制剂防治高致病性猪蓝耳病具有较大的潜力,本试验评价了一种自拟组方制备的中药复方抗病毒制剂对猪高致病性蓝耳病（HP-PRRS）人工感染病例的治疗效果。方法：通过气管注射4月龄感染猪,于攻毒后第2d按照0.3、0.6、1mL/kg体重口服该制剂进行治疗,连续饲喂7d;然后分别于投药后的第1、4、7d前腔静脉采血,分离血清,用荧光定量RRT-PCR法检测血清中HP-PRRSV的荷载量。结果显示,与感染对照组相比,该抗病毒制剂能降低血清中HP-PRRSV的病毒荷载量,有效抑制HP-PRRSV在体内的增殖,对HP-PRRS有一定的疗效。     

Effect of the nutrition level and sex on the energy maintenance requirement of broilers and rats

In 3 experiments young broiler chickens were supplied on various feeding levels in the growth range between 200 and 2500 g live weight (2.8 and 2.0 in experiment 1, 2.8, 2.3 and 1.8 in experiments 2 and 4, maintenance = feeding level 1.0). In experiments 1 and 2 short-time measurings (30 min) of heat production by means of gas exchange were made at 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 g live weight in the post-absorptive state and on the maintenance level of feeding. In experiment 1 the heat production of the restrictively fed chickens was in 3 out of the 4 stages of development studied significantly lower by 10-14% than that of the intensively fed ones. In experiment 2 such an effect could not be observed. Fed on the level of energy maintenance, broilers weighing approximately 2000 g (experiment 3) did not show a significant influence of the sex on heat production as a result of 30-minute gas exchange measurings in the post-absorptive state. In experiment 4 24-hour measurings of the energy metabolism were carried out in the growth development in periods of feeding on the maintenance level by means of indirect calorimetry. In the live weight range between 0.9 and 1.3 kg there was only a low, non-significant decrease of the energy maintenance requirement of 4-6% of the highly restrictively fed chickens in comparison to the intensively fed ones. After continued feed restriction (live weight range 1.7-2.2 kg) an energy maintenance requirement reduced by 17% was measured. In an analogously arranged experiment with 24-hour energy metabolism measurings (experiment 5) male Wistar rats in the growth range between 70 and 280 g were supplied on the feeding levels 1.8 and 1.4 resp. In all three periods studied on the feeding level maintenance--beginning at 140-150 g live weight--the highly restrictively fed animals showed a slightly reduced energy maintenance requirement by 8%, 3% (non-significant) and 6% in comparison with the intensively fed animals.     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank上猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)变异株的核苷酸序列与古典美洲株的核苷酸序列,设计一对高致病性PRRSV特异性引物,结合快速的RNA抽提试剂和一步法RT-PCR,建立高致病性PRRSV快速RT-PCR检测体系。通过测序和同类试剂盒检测效果比对,证实该体系检测结果准确,体系特异性和灵敏度试验结果显示,该体系对猪瘟病毒、普通PRRSV、禽流感病毒无扩增产物,至少能检测经10万倍稀释后的临床阳性样品。该方法可直接对可疑组织样品进行检测,操作简单、快速、价廉、受环境因素污染概率小,适合临床样品的检测。     

犊牛代乳品M868饲喂效果报告

通过犊牛代乳品饲喂试验结果证明犊牛代乳品具有较高的营养价值可完全代替母乳同时其可以提高犊牛的精粗料采食量试验组犊牛比对照组平均日增重高17g节约饲养成本224元因此犊牛代乳品的应用具有较高的经济效益和推广前景。     

应用Nested—PCR技术检测人工感染绵羊蓝舌病病毒

实验采用6只绵羊分成3组,一组作为对照接种BHK21细胞上清液,另二组分别接种BIV10和中国分离株Z1株,攻毒定期采血提取抗原并提取病毒RNA,同时进行琼脂扩散试验、普通PCR、Nested-PCR试验。结果在整个攻毒期间,琼脂扩散方法检测不到抗原,普通PCR方法只能在攻毒后12d-15d测得抗原,而Nested-PCR在攻毒后6d即可测得病毒RNA,并且可一直持续到30d。试验证明,Nested-PCR方法是高度敏感的检测抗原的方法。在临床上能够较早地检出抗原,这对于及时采取有效措施,控制疾病流行具有积极的意义。     

Effects of haemorrhagic septicaemia vaccination and levamisole administration on the humoral response in cross-bred calves

Levamisole administered by oral, subcutaneous or transdermal routes following vaccination against Pasteurella multocida enhanced the humoral response in cross-bred calves. The group that received levamisole subcutaneously elicited highly significant (P less than 0.01) antibody titres during the primary humoral response in comparison with groups that received levamisole orally or transdermally. During the secondary response in the same experiment, levamisole administered subcutaneously and transdermally showed highly significant (P less than 0.01) haemagglutination titres relative to oral administration of the drug. In a second experiment, the group that received levamisole subcutaneously showed highly significant (P less than 0.01) antibody titres during the anamnestic humoral response over other treated groups.     

The effect of diet and copper supplementation on chick growth

Two experiments are described in which various diets were fed to broiler chicks, with or without a supplement of 0.1 per cent CuSO 4.5 H₂O supplying 250 mg/kg added Cu. When the basal diet was composed mainly of wheat and fish meal with added tallow, growth responses to copper measured at 6 weeks of age were 7.6 per cent in the first experiment (highly significant) and 2.8 per cent in the second experiment (0.1 > P > 0.05). When the basal diet was composed mainly of maize and soya‐bean meal there was no response to added copper in the first experiment and a significant depression in growth in the second experiment. A basal diet containing 25 per cent of dried whey gave very poor growth (about 60 per cent of normal) but showed a large response to the addition of Cu. Responses to added Cu in all diets were generally larger in the faster growing males than in the female chicks.

Where positive growth responses to copper were obtained, food consumption was usually higher, but efficiency of food utilisation was better in the chicks given the copper‐supplemented diets.

The average concentrations of Cu found in the livers of birds with or without copper supplements were 4.41 and 4.10 mg/kg of fresh liver respectively in the first experiment and 6.88 and 4.56 mg/kg of fresh liver in the second experiment. The difference in the second experiment was highly significant.