氮肥施用量对温室彩椒产量及土壤硝酸盐含量的影响

在日光温室水肥一体化栽培条件下,研究了5个氮肥施用水平对土壤硝酸盐含量、彩椒产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明:不同氮肥施用水平下,0～20cm土壤硝酸盐含量均高于20～100cm土层;随着氮肥施用量的增加,0～20、20～40、40～60、60～80、80～100cm各土层土壤硝酸盐含量及0～100cm土壤硝酸盐累积量均呈升高趋势。15kg·(667m2)-1施氮水平(中等氮肥)下,日光温室彩椒产量、经济效益及其单位氮素增收均为最高。     

氮肥施用量对温室彩椒产量及土壤硝酸盐含量的影响

在日光温室水肥一体化栽培条件下,研究了5个氮肥施用水平对土壤硝酸盐含量、彩椒产量及经济效益的影响.结果表明:不同氮肥施用水平下,0～20 cm土壤硝酸盐含量均高于20～100 cm土层:随着氮肥施用量的增加,0 ～ 20、20～40、40～60、60～80、80～ 100 cm各土层土壤硝酸盐含量及0～100 cm土壤硝酸盐累积量均呈升高趋势.15 kg·(667 m2)-1施氮水平(中等氮肥)下,日光温室彩椒产量、经济效益及其单位氮素增收均为最高.     

秋盛芥蓝北大核心

株型半开张,生长整齐,叶片椭圆形,叶厚,深绿色,蜡粉少,株高32～34cm,茎长28cm,茎粗2.2～2.8cm,薹重120～180g,播种至初收52～60天,每667m2(1亩)产量1250～1800kg。     

灰色关联度分析法在丘北辣椒密度上的应用

应用灰色关联度分析法对文辣1号辣椒不同密度双株栽培方式的主要农艺性状进行综合评价．结果表明：60cm×50cm（株距×行距,留双株）产量最高（r=0．8031）;60cm×40cm（株距×行距,留双株）产量次之（r＝0．7714）;60cm×60cm（株距×行距,留双株）产量最低。     

大直径黄皮洋葱新品种连葱096的选育

连葱096是以不育系5001为母本,中甲高黄为父本杂交而成的一代杂种.中熟,生育期250天左右,株高60～70 cm;鳞茎圆球形,横径8～10 cm,纵径7～10 cm;单球质量400 g左右,外皮金黄色;每667m2产量6 500 kg左右.     

中早熟辣椒新品种京硕3号的选育

中早熟辣椒新品种京硕3号是以01M67为母本、02Y32为父本配制而成的一代杂种。植株生长势强,株高60～80 cm,开展度60～65 cm,始花节位第9节居多,果实为长圆锥形,商品成熟果深绿色,生理成熟果暗红色,有光泽,耐贮运,商品性好,果实纵径17.0～20.0 cm,果肩宽5.0～6.0 cm,单果质量90.0～140.0 g。连续结果能力强,一般每667 m2产量5 180 kg左右。适宜全国露地及保护地栽培。     

双红一号

特耐热、特早熟一代杂种,叶色深绿,肉质根为短圆筒形,根长约16cm,根粗约9cm,单根质量0.5～0.7kg,皮浅红色,肉白色,生育期45～60d(天),每667m2(1亩)产量2000～2500kg,肉质细嫩,不易糠心。     

不同种植方式降低厚皮甜瓜裂果率初探

为研究不同种植方式对厚皮甜瓜裂果情况、果实产量、品质及植株干物质积累和分配的影响,以生产中常用的单蔓单果(株距45 cm)种植方式为对照,分别设置双蔓双果(株距55、60、65 cm)和3蔓双果(株距60、65、70 cm)处理。结果表明,双蔓双果和3蔓双果种植方式裂果率和裂果指数分别较对照降低了28.62%～67.60%和41.94%～83.87%,其中,双蔓双果株距60 cm(双60)处理最低,裂果率和裂果指数分别为10.71%和0.05;商品产量比对照显著增加了20.05%～73.57%,其中,双60处理最高,为2 673.87 kg·667 m^-2,且果形指数显著提高,可溶性固形物含量比对照提高了4.55%～7.24%。双蔓双果种植方式对植株干物质向果实的分配比例无显著影响,3蔓双果种植方式向果实的干物质分配比例显著降低。双蔓双果株距60 cm的果实裂果率和裂果指数均最低,果实商品产量最高,可溶性固形物含量显著提升,可在生产上应用推广。     

辣椒新优品种简介

津红1号 早熟一代杂种。植株紧凑,株高50cm,开展度60cm,果长13～15cm,果宽2．1cm,平均单果重15～18g。果面光滑笔挺,嫩果亮绿,味辣,干鲜两用。667m^2产鲜椒可达3000～4000kg,或鲜红椒2000～2500kg,干椒400kg左右。抗病毒病和脐腐病能力强,座果多,产量高。     

耐根肿大白菜新品种CR丰美的选育

CR丰美是以自交不亲和系CR028为母本,自交不亲和系BC001为父本配制而成的早熟耐根肿病大白菜一代杂交种.生育期55～60 d,外叶绿色,有毛,心叶黄,叶球合抱,直筒炮弹形,株高35～38 cm,株幅45～50 cm,球高25 cm,球宽13 cm,单球质量2.0～2.5 kg,产量6600 kg/677 m2.该...     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.