Chromosomal effect in vivo of exposure to lysergic acid diethylamide

Chromosome studies of persons exposed to lysergic acid diethylamide, either self-administered or received during medical therapy, failed to demonstrate significant chromosomal damage.     

( 3 H)lysergic acid diethylamide: cellular autoradiographic localization in rat brain

Intravenous administration of [(3)H]lysergic acid diethylamide(LSD) to rats resulted in accumulation of the drug in the brain within 15 minutes. Autoradiographic methods were used to differentiate free and bound [(3)H]LSD in brain tissue.Free [(3)H]LSD was generally distributed in the pituitary and pineal glands, cerebellum, hippocampus,and choroid plexus.Bound [(3)H]LSD was localized in neurons of the cortex, caudate nucleus, midbrain, and medulla,as well as in choroid plexus epithelium.     

Congenital malformations induced by mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide, and bromolysergic acid in the hamster

Malformations of the brain, spinal cord, liver, and other viscera; body edema; and localized hemorrhages were found in fetal hamsters from mothers injected subcutaneously with a single dose of mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide, or 2-bromo-D lysergic acid diethylamide on the 8th day of pregnancy. In addition, all three drugs produced an increase in the percentages of small fetuses per litter, of resorptions, and of fetal mortality.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide: radioimmunoassay

A radioimmnunoassay for d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is described. Antibodies to LSD were obtained by immunizing rabbits with a conjugate of LSD and human serum albumin. The specificity of the antibody was shown by competitive binding studies. The method has been used to detect the presence of LSD in human urines. Picogram amounts can be measured by this assay.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide: effect on embryos

Injection of lysergic acid diethylamide tartrate into mice in early pregnancy caused a 57 percent incidence of grossly abnormal embryos.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide and stimulus generalization: rate-dependent effects

A stimulus generalization procedure was used to investigate the effects of LSD on sensitivity to auditory stimuli in rats. The shape of the generalization gradient was changed after administration of the drug only with a dose which produced decreases in relatively high rates of responding.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide: effects on the developing mouse lens

High doses (5 x 10-(6) gram) of LSD-25 given to Swiss-Webster females on gestation days 6, 7, 8, or 9 caused a high incidence of anterior subcapsular lens abnormalities. Accompanying this, the lens epithelium was often hyperplastic, and the lens bow was widened posteriorly in a fashion similar to cataracts induced by x-radiation. Confirmation of this effect of LSD-25 was obtained by a (duplicate) experiment 1 year after the observations reported.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide: sensitive neuronal units in the midbrain raphe

Units in areas of the midbrain rich in neurons containing serotonin respond to parenteral injections of d-lysergic acid diethylamide by a reversible cessation of spontaneous activity. The dose required is at or below threshold for gross behavioral effects. An inhibition of neurons containing serotonin after administration of d-lysergic acid diethylamide could account for the decreased metabolism of serotonin produced by this drug.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide: role in conversion of plasma tryptophan to brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine)

Injections of D-lysergic acid diethylamide decrease the turnover rate of 5-hydroxytryptamine of rat brain, as measured from the conversion of (14)C-tryptophan into (14)C-5-hydroxytryptamine. The 2-bromolysergic acid diethylamide given in doses fivefold greater than those of lysergic acid diethylamide fails to change the rate of (14)C-tryptophan conversion into (14)C-5-hydroxytryptamine. The effect of D-lysergic acid diethylamide is discussed with regard to its action on brain serotonergic neurons and its psychotomimetic effects.     

Lysergic acid diethylamide: dissociation of its behavioral and hyperthermic actions by DL-alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine

Rabbits treated with LSD 25 exhibit characteristic signs of hyper-excitability, increased peripheral sympathetic activity, and hyperthermia. When the rabbits received prior treatment with DL-(alpha)-methyl-p-tyrosine, the excitation and sympathetic actions of LSD 25 were abolished or attenuated, but the hyperthermia was unchanged from that of the controls. Concentrations of norepinephrine in brain stems of treated rabbits were greatly decreased. The excitation of central nervous system and sympathomimetic actions of LSD 25 in the rabbit are apparently mediated by norepinephrine, whereas the hyperthermic action functions. through a nonadrenergic mechanism.     

Increased sensitivity of lymphocytes from people over 65 to cell cycle arrest and chromosomal damage

Flow cytometry revealed that, in the presence of tritiated thymidine, a greater percentage of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes from old human donors were arrested in the G2 or M phase than were cells from young donors. Furthermore, lymphocytes from old donors showed significantly more chromosomal damage than did lymphocytes from young donors. Lymphocyte cultures from old or young donors not exposed to tritiated thymidine had the same percentage of cycling lymphocytes in G2 or M, although the number of lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin to enter the cell cycle was significantly lower in cultures from old donors. Thus, the impaired incorporation of tritiated thymidine by phytohemagglutinin-exposed lymphocytes from old humans reflects both an impaired proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin and an increased sensitivity to the radiobiological effects of tritiated thymidine.     

Thymus-dependent and thymus-independent lymphocyte separation: relation to exposed sialic acid on cell surface

On preparative cell electrophoresis mouse lymph node lymphocytes separate into fast-moving (T, thymus-dependent) and slow-moving (B, thymus-independent) fractions. After treatment with neuraminidase all lymphocytes move as one very slow fraction, indicating that the difference in the mobility of the two kinds of cells is due to differences in the density of exposed sialic acid on their surfaces.     

L-Lactic acid: a mosquito attractant isolated from humans

L-Lactic acid was the major component in material isolated from humans that was active as an attractant for female yellow fever mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.). The L(+)-isomer was several times as attractive as the D-isomer. Good correlation was found between the attractiveness of an individual to mosquitoes and the quantity of lactic acid present in an acetone washing of his hand.