风力机故障诊断神经网络特征参数确定方法

为了诊断风力发电机组的故障,在搭建故障诊断神经网络平台时,选择合适的输入层特征参数搭建小波神经网络以达到网络训练时的稳定收敛.通过对风力发电机组故障诊断神经网络系统输入层特征参数的选择研究.发现风力发电机的齿轮箱、转子、叶片为独具代表性的易故障部件.分别对3个典型故障部件的一般故障类型和其产生机理进行了分析,得出齿轮箱的频率特性可以用来表征其故障类型,不同的转子故障会对应于不同的轴心轨迹,而叶片的故障诊断则可以运用声发射系统.根据分析的结果,提出了输入层特征参数的确定方法.齿轮箱按照其故障的时-频特性来确定输入层特征参数;转子利用其轴心轨迹能够反映故障类型的这一特性,来确定输入层特征参数;而风机的叶片则是通过“声发射系统”测量叶片表面性能时产生的特性数据作为输入层的特征参数.该方法可为风电机组故障诊断神经网络的建立提供参考.     

面向大数据新能源拖拉机发动机智能故障监测系统

以新能源拖拉机发动机为研究对象,首先介绍了发动机智能故障诊断原理和监测方法,然后基于大数据和神经网络技术,设计了面向大数据新能源拖拉机发动机智能故障监测系统,并进行了发动机故障诊断仿真和试验。结果表明:该方法能够有效地对新能源拖拉机发动机故障进行诊断,诊断正确率较高,可为发动机故障诊断及维修人员提供参考。     

基于多征兆信息融合理论的柴油机故障诊断

信息融合理论在故障诊断领域中得到广泛应用，为复杂机械故障诊断提供了一种新的方法。在研究了多传感器决策层融合理论——Dempster—shafer证据理论及其算法的基础上，提出了一种基于多征兆信息融合理论的故障诊断方法。以柴油机活塞和缸套之间的磨损为例，论述了该方法的实施过程。结果表明，多征兆信息的信息融合诊断方法具有良好的稳定性和容错性，提高了柴油机故障诊断的准确性和可靠性。     

基于时序贴近度与改进SVM的水机轴心轨迹诊断

为了提高水轮机组诊断的精确性,提出应用时间序列模糊贴近度特征提取轴心轨迹特征参数,通过改进SVM模型并引入故障分类准确性判定因子对参数化的水电机组轴心轨迹开展了智能诊断.应用改进SVM对时间序列特征引入正确率、错误分类率计算方法,从而对诊断后轴心轨迹分类准确性进行判定,由此促进运行状态设备智能诊断,提高故障诊断系统的自动诊断水平及准确率;引入多类分类支持向量机算法、分类准确度判断解决异常状态下机组轴心轨迹特征参数无法识别、识别率低的问题.通过对改进扩展时序距离时间序列贴近度度量算法的应用解决了水电机组实时轴心轨迹特征参数准确性差和实时性差的问题.该方法提高了检测精度,同时增强了人机交互性,具有重要的理论意义和实用价值.     

基于多传感器信息融合的水工闸门故障诊断

针对水工闸门安全检修困难、检修效率低的问题,提出了一种基于支持向量机（Support vector machine,SVM）和改进D-S证据理论的信息融合水工闸门故障诊断方法。该方法通过提取不同传感器诊断信号小波包信息熵特征构建特征子空间,然后在每个特征子空间构建诊断子网络,最后使用改进证据理论对每个诊断子网络的输入进行决策层融合,从而水工闸门的多信息融合诊断结果。闸门故障诊断实验结果显示,信息融合的闸门故障诊断方法可有效识别弧形闸门故障种类,其故障诊断准确率达到了98.33%,同时诊断可靠度高,各类故障的诊断不确定度均小于1%。实验结果验证了智能故障诊断方法用于水工闸门领域的可行性,对于改进水工闸门故障检修方式,推动水利工程智能化的发展具有重大意义。     

支持向量机在发动机故障诊断中的应用研究

鉴于支持向量机(SVM)的优越性及汽车发动机的故障特点,本文提出将支持向量机应用到发动机故障的智能诊断中。该方法专门针对小样本集合设计,能够在小样本情况下获得较大的推广能力,而且模型简单。首先对采集的故障信号采取信息融合方式进行特征提取,以获得特征向量。在此基础上通过多分类支持向量机对发动机故障进行分类测试,建立了故障诊断模型。试验结果表明:该方法具有较高的诊断精度,达到了发动机的故障诊断要求。     

智慧灌溉系统设计与应用——以盐边县桐子林镇智慧灌溉试点项目为例

文章以盐边县桐子林镇金河(纳尔河)"万亩芒果基地智慧灌溉试点项目"为例,在了解该园区的基本情况、产业发展需求、种植模式的基础上,将传统的节水灌溉技术与互联网、大数据、云计算、物联网相融合,对农作物适时、按需、适量、精准施灌。智慧灌溉系统实现了对农业生产地智能感知、智能分析、智能预警和智能决策。     

一种智能喷灌装置的发动机MSF故障诊断研究

以智能喷灌装置发动机为研究对象,利用神经网络的方式进行发动机故障诊断.引入随机优化算法进行神经网络故障诊断方式优化,对发动机尾气数据进行仿真实验,与初始设置的故障信息代码进行比对,确定发动机故障.仿真实验结果表明:优化后的发动机神经网络故障诊断方式可明显降低诊断过程中的误差值,仿真实验结果与预测信息高度吻合,表明利用随...     

柴油机燃油供给系统故障诊断研究

柴油机燃油供给系统故障直接影响燃油的喷射质量和燃烧过程,进而影响柴油机的动力性、经济性和可靠性,因此对燃油供给系统实施状态检测与故障诊断具有重要的现实意义.为此,阐述了燃油供给系统各种故障模式下的产生原因,进行了高压油管压力信号的波动分析,通过虚拟仪器实现故障特征参数提取,利用BP神经网络实现故障的诊断方法.结果表明,该方法可实现柴油机喷油器的不解体故障分析,有利于实时故障的在线诊断,在实际的故障诊断中具有一定的应用价值.     

多学科交叉融合背景下 智能制造工程人才培养模式探索与实践

本文以新工科建设为背景,以多学科交叉融合为核心,以培养学生工程综合能力为主线,以重庆邮电大学移通学院智能制造工程人才培养为例,从"商科教育+完满教育+通识教育+专业教育"四位一体人才培养模式实施、智能工程学科群构建、学科群建设要素体系、智能制造工程人才培养实训平台搭建、智能制造课程体系建设等方面进行了详细阐述。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。