佛手瓜下胚轴离体培养及再生植株

对佛手瓜下胚轴再生植株、试管苗移栽及大田定植进行了试验，结果表明：在ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＬＨ２００ｍｇ／Ｌ培养基上容易形成下胚轴愈伤组织；愈伤组织分化芽的培养基为ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，诱导分化率可达５７５％；顶芽和带腋芽茎段生根的培养基分别为ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ和１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ０．３ｍｇ／Ｌ，生根率分别为８１．８％和８３．３％；移栽培     

马蹄金下胚轴离体培养与植株再生

探讨了马蹄金（Dichondra repens Forst.）下胚轴离体培养的方法。在黑暗条件下种子萌发培养无菌苗，可迅速获得大量下胚轴，然后将下胚轴接种到MS 0.2mg/L2，4-D 0.5mg/L6-BA中可迅速获得大量愈伤组织，再用B5 2mg/L6-BA 0.2mg/Lα-NAA作分化培养基出苗数效果较好。     

冬珊瑚胚轴离体培养及植株再生

用MS培养基对冬珊瑚种子进行无菌萌发,在附加不同种类、不同浓度激素的MS培养基上,对冬珊瑚胚轴进行愈伤组织及不定芽的诱导分化,生根培养,并对试管苗进行移栽试验。结果表明,在培养基MS NAA0.5mg/L BA2.0mg/L中胚轴愈伤组织诱导较快,且易形成芽,但是不定芽数量少;在1/2MS NAA0.6mg/L培养基上生根率达100%;移栽成活达85%。     

北海道黄杨下胚轴的离体培养及植株再生

 以北海道黄杨(Euonymus japonicus 'Cu zhi')下胚轴为外植体进行离体培养，以MS和B5为基本培养基，附加不同浓度的细胞分裂素（6-BA，KT）及生长素（NAA，IBA）诱导下胚轴直接再生不定芽。结果表明，不定芽未经过愈伤组织而直接产生于下胚轴的表皮或近表皮等表层细胞；不同的激素浓度和组合以及不同的培养基对不定芽的分化有影响；下胚轴的不同部位不定芽的分化能力差异显著。适宜不定芽分化的最佳培养体系为MS+1.5 mg·L-16-BA+0.05 mg·L-1NAA，最佳外植体为靠近子叶端的下胚轴部分，其分化率最高达63.64%；不定芽增殖培养基为MS+2.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.2 mg·L-1NAA，增殖系数为3～5；1/2MS+1.0 mg·L-1IBA+100 mg·L-1活性炭适于再生幼苗的生根，生根苗经移栽成活。     

甘蓝型油菜下胚轴离体培养再生植株研究

[目的]为进一步通过基因转化获得预期优良性状的甘蓝型油菜提供借鉴。[方法]以甘蓝型油菜的下胚轴为外植体,研究不同苗龄、不同基因型、不同预培养条件以及各种生长调节剂组合对油菜外植体高频率再生的影响。[结果]试验中,7 d苗龄的甘蓝型油菜下胚轴再生频率可达35.83%;经3 d预培养处理的油菜下胚轴芽再生频率可提高至57.78%,油菜品种史力丰下胚轴的芽分化率较高,达35.00%,其次是N481-1,而N370-1的芽分化率最低;其最高分化率的激素组合为6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L+TDZ 1.0 mg/L,达38.89%。史力丰品种6~8 d无菌种子实生苗的下胚轴在预培养基MS+2,4-D 1.0 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂4.5 g/L上预培养3 d,在最适分化培养基MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L+TDZ 1.0 mg/L+AgNO35.0 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂4.5 g/L中培养,再生频率最高。[结论]建立了甘蓝型油菜下胚轴离体培养高频率再生植株模式。     

甘蓝CMS下胚轴和子叶的离体培养与植株再生研究

【目的】探索一种利用甘蓝胞质雄性不育系(CMS)下胚轴和子叶进行快速扩繁的技术,为利用CMS大量繁制甘蓝杂交种提供一条新途径。【方法】以甘蓝CMS 05-2-10为试材,将苗龄5~7 d无菌苗的下胚轴和子叶切下,接种于MS培养基上,45~50 d后统计再生芽数,比较6-BA与NAA不同质量浓度配比对不定芽的诱导情况;将诱导出的不定芽接种于添加不同质量浓度(0,0.1,0.3,0.5 mg/L)NAA的MS生根培养基上,20 d后比较生根率和根的长势。【结果】在对下胚轴和子叶进行不定芽诱导时,MS培养基中分别添加1.0和4.0 mg/L的6-BA对下胚轴、子叶的诱导效果较好,其芽再生频率和分化系数分别为83.3%,53.0%和3.6,3.0。在MS培养基中添加1.0mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA,其对下胚轴不定芽的诱导效果较好,芽再生频率为80.7%,分化系数为3.4,褐化率为1.5%;在MS培养基中添加4.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.3 mg/L NAA,其对子叶不定芽的诱导效果较好,芽再生频率为50.0%,分化系数为3.2,褐化率为3.4%;二者的褐化率均明显低于仅添加6-BA的处理。在MS生根培养基中添加0.3 mg/L NAA时,不定芽的生根效果较好,生根率达100%,且根系生长健壮。【结论】利用甘蓝胞质雄性不育系CMS 05-2-10的下胚轴和子叶作为外植体进行不定芽的诱导,对于下胚轴,其适宜培养基为MS+1.0 mg/L6-BA+30 g/L蔗糖+8 g/L琼脂;对于子叶,其适宜培养基为MS+4.0 mg/L 6-BA+30 g/L蔗糖+8 g/L琼脂。不定芽诱导生根的最适培养基为MS+0.3 mg/L NAA+30 g/L蔗糖+8 g/L琼脂。     

结球甘蓝下胚轴培养及植株再生

对５个不同基因型结球甘蓝自交系进行下胚轴和子叶离体培养,结果,理甲和强甲２个自交系植株再生频率达８０％;用ＭＳ培养基,附加０．２×１０（－６）ＮＡＡ,１．０×１０（－６）２,４—Ｄ,１．０×１０（－６）６─ＢＡ培养甘蓝下胚轴,植株的再生频率最高。     

辣椒子叶离体培养及植株再生

对5个辣椒品种进行了子叶离体培养试验，筛选出两种较适粗的培养基为：MS IAA0.2mg/L 6-BA2mg/L 30g蔗糖和MS ZT5mg/L 16g蔗糖。子叶于25℃下光照培养，21d后可陆续分化出芽，芽伸长形成茎芽约2-3cm高时移入生根培养基MS NAA0.5mg/L中，可发育为植株。     

Plant Regeneration from In Vitro Cultured Hypocotyl Explants of Euonymus japonicus Cu zhi

Adventitious shoots were successfully regenerated from hypocotyl explants of in vitro cultures of Euonymus japonicus Cu zhi. Hypocotyl slices were cultured on Murashige and Skoog （MS） and B5 basal medium supplemented with varied concentration of different plant growth-regulators, e.g., α-naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA） and indole-3-butyric acid （IBA） in combination with 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA） and kinetin. The study showed that shoots could be directly regenerated from hypocotyl explants without the intervening callus phase; MS medium was more suitable for adventitious shoots regeneration. The ability of hypocotyls segments to produce shoots varied depending upon their position on the seedlings. The highest regeneration rate was obtained with hypocotyl segments near to the cotyledon cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L^-1 6-BA and 0.05 mg L^-1 NAA （63.64%）. The regenerated shoots were readily elongated on the same medium as used for multiplication and rooted on half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L^-1 IBA and 100 mg L^-1 activated carbon. After being transferred to greenhouse conditions, 96% of the plantlets were successfully acclimatized. This regeneration system is applied for genetic transformation now.     

胡椒木叶片离体培养与植株再生

探讨了胡椒木(Zanthoxylum piperitum)叶片的离体培养.选取胡椒木幼嫩叶片作为外植体,接种在不同激素组合的培养基上进行诱导培养,结果表明,最适的诱导培养基为MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.7 mg/L,分化率为91.7%,最适的增殖继代培养基为MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.7 mg/L,所产生的不定芽在1/2MS+ NAA0.4 mg/L的培养基上可全部生根,长成完整植株.首次证明以胡椒木的叶片为外植体可以进行快速离体培养.     

Studies on In Vitro Flowering and Fruiting of Perilla frutescens

Influences of PGR, sucrose, and ammonium nitrate on in vitro flowering and fruiting from cotyledon explants of P. frutescens were studied. The regenerated shoots at 2-4. cm from cotyledon explants on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L^-1 BA and 1.0 mg L^-1IAA were excised and transferred to MS medium containing 30 g L^-1 sucrose, 8.25 g L^-1 ammonium nitrate, and 1.0 mg L^-1 BA. Following 40 d of culture, 86.2% of them flowered and set seeds. These seeds were germinable and developed into flowering plants in the fields. This study provides a simple system for rapid breeding of P. frutescens and studying the physiological mechanism of flowering of plants.     

巨桉下胚轴诱导不定芽与植株再生的研究

研究了以巨桉 (Eucalyptusgrandis)的子叶、下胚轴作外植体诱导愈伤组织产生不定芽及植株再生的过程 ,结果表明 :下胚轴在改良H培养基 +2 .4 -D 1 0mg/L +BA 1 0mg/L +NAA 0 1mg/L的诱导下容易获得有诱导价值的愈伤组织 ,并在改良H培养基 +BA 1 0mg/L +NAA 0 1mg/L的诱导下发生月增殖率 8～ 10倍的丛生苗     

A Novel Three-Dimensional Mouse Embryonic Implantation Model In Vitro

To regenerate three-dimensional endometrium in vitro as a novel model for studying the mechanism of implantation of embryos, the luminal epithelial cells and stromal cells of the rabbit uterus were separated and cultured in vitro. The type Ⅰ mouse tail collagen was used as scaffolding material. The stromal cells were inoculated in the type I mouse tail collagen, and the luminal epithelial cells were inoculated on the type i mouse tall collagen to regenerate the endometrium in vitro. The regenerated endometrium was cultured in DMEM-F/12 media containing 100 nmol L^-1 progesterone, 10 nM β-estradiol, and 10% fetal bovine serum （FBS） for 3 d. The media were then replaced with CZB containing 100 nM progesterone, 10 nmol L-1 β-estradiol, and 10% FBS, and the mouse blastulas were co-cultured with it. The results of scanning electronic micrography showed that the epithelial cells on the surface of the reconstructed endometrium were covered with numerous slender microvilli and some epithelial cells protruded pinopodes. After culturing for 12 h with the mouse blastula, the shedding, attachment, and implantation of the blastula were observed. The blastula can escape from zona pellucida and attach to the three-dimensional endometrium and is then implanted into it. This study showed that the reconstructed three-dimensional endometrium can serve as a robust embryo implantation model in vitro.     

黄精的组织培养与植株再生

研究离体条件下黄精不同外植体的愈伤组织诱导及其植株再生。结果表明,黄精的根茎、嫩茎及幼嫩的组培叶片在MS+6-BA 2.0 mg.L-1+2,4-D 1.0 mg.L-1和MS+6-BA 2.0 mg.L-1+NAA 1.0mg.L-1的培养基中均诱导产生愈伤组织,并在MS+6-BA2.0 mg.L-1+2,4-D2.0 mg.L-1和MS+6-BA2.0 mg.L-1+NAA2.0 mg.L-1的培养基上继代增殖良好。黄精愈伤组织在MS+6-BA3.0 mg.L-1+IAA1.0 mg.L-1的培养基上可诱导出不定芽,出芽率达66.33%,平均每块愈伤组织可分化出5.2个芽。试管苗在MS附加IAA0.5 mg.L-1培养基上诱导生根,生根率达86.67%。     

三叶木通体细胞胚胎发生及植株再生研究

以三叶木通成熟种子的幼胚为材料,探讨不同浓度2,4−D（1.0、2.0、4.0 mg/L）、NAA（0.05、0.1、0.2、0.5、1.0 mg/L）、6−BA（0.1、0.2、0.5、1.0 mg/L）、KT（0.2、0.5、1.0 mg/L）的植物生长调节剂对三叶木通愈伤组织的诱导及体细胞胚胎发生的影响,分别筛选出诱导愈伤组织、体细胞胚、次生胚增殖、植株再生的最适培养基,以此间接途径建立三叶木通体细胞胚胎发生及植株再生体系。结果表明：三叶木通种子最佳灭菌处理方式为0.1 % HgCl₂灭菌18 min,无菌水冲洗干净后接种在添加了0.05 % PPM的愈伤诱导培养基上;三叶木通幼胚诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基是 MS+2.0 mg/L 2,4−D+0.2 mg/L NAA,愈伤诱导率为95.67%;胚性愈伤诱导三叶木通体胚发生的最佳培养基为MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.2 mg/L 6−BA,体胚诱导率为55%;次生胚增殖的最佳培养基为MS+0.05 mg/L NAA+0.1 mg/L 6−BA,增殖倍数达19.84,体胚随继代次数增多逐渐分化,次生胚增殖活力变弱;成熟的体胚分化后一部分可再生成苗,在MS中能起到壮苗作用,再生植株转移至人工光照培养箱中炼苗3~5 d再转入V（泥炭土）∶V（蛭石）∶V（珍珠岩）为2∶1∶1的基质中能够稳定生根成活且形态正常。     

宜昌百合体细胞胚诱导及植株再生

为了对秦岭野生宜昌百合资源进行保存,并有效地解决其扩繁和再生问题,以秦岭野生宜昌百合为材料,研究不同质量浓度的激素组合、鳞片的不同部位及光暗培养对秦岭野生宜昌百合的体细胞胚诱导的影响。结果表明,鳞片诱导体细胞胚的适宜培养基为MS+0.5 mg/L TDZ(N-苯基-N-′1,2,3-噻二唑-5-脲)+1.0 mg/L NAA(a-萘乙酸)。鳞片基部诱导体胚率最高,为90.00%,鳞片分化体细胞胚的能力为基部>中部>上部。暗培养下诱导率为90.00%,高于光培养条件。     

国外引进品种‘Hort16A’猕猴桃离体再生体系建立

对引进的‘Hort16A’猕猴桃进行组培再生体系建立,其中愈伤组织诱导、不定芽分化、不定芽增殖及生根培养分别采用L₉(3⁴)试验设计、单因素随机区组试验设计及L₉(3⁴)试验设计。结果表明：外植体在MS+0.05 mg/L NAA+0.3 mg/L ZT中培养20 d后诱导愈伤组织效果最好,诱导率达(97.78%±1.92%);继续培养14 d后,不定芽分化效果最佳,不定芽分化率达(84.44%±1.92%),不定芽芽高达(1.52±0.29) cm。猕猴桃不定芽在MS+1.5 mg/L ZT中培养30 d后,不定芽增殖旺盛效果最佳,增殖倍数达(3.67±0.33)倍,芽高达(2.93±0.12) cm。猕猴桃无菌苗在1/2 MS+0.7 mg/L IBA+0.1 g/L活性炭培养基中生根最佳,生根率、根长、根粗和平均每株生根数分别达(98.9%±1.9%)、(7.60±0.44) cm、(0.47±0.07) cm和(7.67±2.19)根。     

应用体外法评定科威418的营养价值

科威４１８是作者通过特殊工艺研制而成的牛羊高蛋白复合添加剂，其中含有尿素、营养保护剂、酶及多种微量元素等。体外试验表明，以豆饼、尿素及科威４１８作为氮素饲料时，培养３ｈ的培养液中ＮＨ＿３Ｎ浓度依次为１４．５，２８．７及２２．３ｍｇ·（１００ｍＬ）￣（－１）（Ｐ＜０．０１）；培养１２ｈ的ＮＨ＿３Ｎ浓度依次为７．３，１１．４及１３．３ｍｇ·（１００ｍＬ）￣（－１）（Ｐ＜０．０５）；真蛋白氮浓度依次为３８．６，２９．８及３５．４ｍｇ·（１００ｍＬ）￣（－１）（Ｐ＜０．０５）；基质风干物消化率依次为５４．９７％，６１．４４％及６４．９１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。