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1.
五种常用的植物转基因技术   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
汪由  吴禹  王岩  李兆波  王光霞 《杂粮作物》2010,30(3):186-189
从原理、基本步骤和优缺点等几个方面对农杆菌介导法、基因枪法、超声波介导法、子房注射法和花粉管通道法等5种常用的植物转基因技术进行了简要介绍。  相似文献   

2.
植物基因枪转化技术及其在茶树上的应用前景   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
吴姗  梁月荣 《茶叶》2002,28(3):138-141,144
基因枪作为一种新发展起来的实现生物遗传转化的工具,正越来越受到人们的关注,基因枪法转化频率的高低主要由微弹制备,轰击参数选择,外植体状态这三方面决定,茶树的遗传转化工作起步较晚,且大多数的研究都依赖农杆菌系统完成,基于基因枪技术的不受基因型限制及其转受体广泛的特点,该技术也将会在茶树的遗传转化研究中发挥重要的作用。  相似文献   

3.
花青素不仅是天然色素,而且具有保健功能。花青素转录因子基因对于调控花青素的合成具有关键作用。本研究根据玉米花青素转录因子基因RS序列设计引物,利用同源克隆技术,得到甘蔗花青素转录因子基因ScRS的全长序列;在ScRS序列两端分别添加KpnⅠ、SalⅠ酶切位点,构建植物表达载体pCAMBIA1301-35SN-ScRS,包被微粒载体通过基因枪对甘蔗愈伤组织进行轰击,转化的愈伤组织明显呈紫红色;将紫红色愈伤组织分化培养获得再生甘蔗植株,经PCR检测,获得转ScRS基因阳性植株,初步证实利用克隆的基因转化甘蔗可以使愈伤组织显色。研究结果对于建立新型的遗传转化可视化示踪体系和培育高花青素甘蔗品种具有重要意义。  相似文献   

4.
基因枪及其与农杆菌相结合的茶树外源基因转化条件优化   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
以GUS为报告基因,对基因枪介导的转化茶树愈伤的有关参数进行优化。比较了不同的预培养条件,含有PVP的培养基可提高转化频率。渗透处理不仅不能提高GUS的表达率,反而使愈伤再生困难。每枪DNA和钨粉的用量分别为0.25μg,125μg时,可得到较高的转化率。在轰击压力7MPa,射程5cm的条件下轰击一次,不论对GUS表达还是愈伤的再生都是较为适合的轰击条件。比较了农杆菌法(AGR),基因枪法(BOM)及农杆菌与基因枪结合(BTA,BPA和BOA)等方法对茶树遗传转化效率的影响。瞬间表达的结果及抗性愈伤筛选的结果都显示,农杆菌与基因枪结合使用比两种方法单独使用更有助于提高茶树转化的效率。  相似文献   

5.
亚麻转基因技术研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
亚麻是我国重要的纺织工业原料及油料作物,每年亚麻产品出口创汇10-20亿美元。亚麻新品种对农业及亚麻产业具有重要意义。越来越多的科技工作者进行亚麻转基因技术的研究,并利用该技术改良亚麻品种。本文介绍了亚麻转基因技术的概况、研究进展、存在的问题及国内外有关亚麻转基因信息。  相似文献   

6.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1-2):279-301
Abstract

Invasive plants, one of the most devastating ecological problems in the 21st century, cause an estimated $35 billion loss per year to the economy in the United States alone. More than 50% of all invasive plant species and 85% of invasive woody plant species were introduced originally for ornamental and landscape use. Because many non-native ornamentals are commercially important and widely utilized for various purposes, completely banning their use and prohibiting their import are unpractical solutions. On the other hand, currently used methods to control the spread of non-native plants are ineffective, expensive, or environmentally problematic. Recent advances in plant molecular biology and plant genetic transformation may enable us to create sterile cultivars of these non-native ornamental crops of high commercial value. The use of sterile cultivars should reduce or eliminate the undesirable spread of some non-native invasive plants into natural areas.  相似文献   

7.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1-2):263-278
Abstract

Consumer demands drive continuous developments in the production of horticultural and ornamental crops. In addition to improvements in quality and nutritional content, crop producers must supply an increased variety of products to a year-round market. The availability of many horticultural and ornamental crop products is dependent on the timing of reproductive development. The time at which many plants initiate sexual or vegetative reproduction is governed by a number of interacting environmental factors such as daylength, light quality and temperature. Artificial manipulation of the growing environment is therefore frequently used to ensure production meets retailers' marketing programs, a strategy which can often result in high energy costs. An alternative approach involves the manipulation of genes encoding proteins responsible for perceiving and transducing environmental stimuli, in particular, the genes encoding the phytochrome family of plant photoreceptors. Alterations in the expression of genes encoding phytochromes can modulate not only the timing of reproductive development, but also plant architecture. Such approaches can therefore be used to modulate a variety of phenotypic traits such as height, lateral branching and harvest yield, while enabling growers to tailor crop reproduction to their marketing needs. In this review, we will discuss examples of crop improvement using transgenic manipulation of phytochrome expression, along with benefits and disadvantages of such approaches.  相似文献   

8.
利用基因枪转化法获得受四环素调控的水稻雄性不育植株   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用基因枪法通过pTET-BI-Bar和pTATx-BN-Bin质粒分别将TetR和Barnase基因共转化粳稻品种台北309、4008S和籼稻品种D68。通过对R0代植株不同的基因进行PCR及Southern分析,结果表明,Barnase、TetR基因和控制Barnase基因的TA29-TX启动子均已整合到水稻基因组。其中,台北309和4008S分别获得了15株和6株阳性转基因植株,其外源基因转化率分别为4.5%和1.9%,其外源基因TetR和Barnase的共转化率分别为0.6%和0.3%。D68没有获得阳性转基因植株。  相似文献   

9.
简述滇南主要观赏草种类、观赏价值、生境条件,并初步探讨了观赏草在园林中的应用、存在问题及建议。  相似文献   

10.
茶树农杆菌转化系统和基因枪转化系统的优化   总被引:9,自引:3,他引:9  
在用农杆菌浸染前,将茶树外植体预培养在含有PVP(polyvinylpyrrolidone,16g/L)的预培养基上2-3d可提高转化频率。优化后的茶树基因枪转化体系,即制弹程序:60 mg/1ml钨粉悬浮液10 l中加入1.6 l质粒DNA(1 g/l),再分别加入0.1 mol/L的亚精胺4 l,2.5 mol/L 的CaCl2 15 l,最后定容至48 l;每次轰击上样量为8-10 l。基因枪转化后抗性筛选2个月,抗性愈伤组织存活率为5.0%~12.1%。  相似文献   

11.
    
Abstract

An optimized condition for particle bombardment is necessary for efficient genetic transformation. Parameters for Helios gene gun, the new system for nucleic acid delivery which is mainly consists of hand-held device sold by Bio-Rad Laboratories (California USA), were examined based on transient expression of synthetic green fluorescent protein (sgfp) in rice calluses of indica cv. Fatmawati and japonica cv. Nipponbare. In the experimental conditions that we examined, parameters found to be the most favorable conditions for transient expression of sgfp in rice callus cells were as follows: 200?250 psi helium pressure, 0.6 μm gold particle size, 0.25 mg gold particles per shot, and 1.5 μg plasmid-DNA per shot. Desiccation of callus cells for eight min was also found appropriate. The level of transient sgfp expression was not significantly influenced by the pre-culture for 4 to 12 d before bombardment or by callus age between 10 and 33 wk old in Fatmawati. These parameters for this particular device should improve the transient expression, thus enabling stable expression of introduced genes via Helios gene gun using callus as a target tissue.  相似文献   

12.
Long-term fertility cycle,low self-compatibility and short flowering period limited the tea breeding by conventional method.It is necessary to apply biotechnology,especially genetic transformation method,to obtain new mutants and to accelerate tea breeding.This paper reviews the status and progress in genetic transformation and related influencing factors.It has been noticed that tea genetic transformation has advantages in getting useful target mutants.The genetic transformation by Agrobacterium-mediated and gene gun methods are usually used.However,further research should be focused on improvement of plant regeneration.  相似文献   

13.
花生CpTI基因转化——花粉介导法   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
利用花粉作为外源基因的载体将抗虫基因(CpTI基因)转入花生中。以花生仲恺01号为受体,以PCB302-3质粒外源基因为供体。在花生开花期,收集花粉与质粒DNA混合并附加超声波处理,然后以人工授粉的方法将外源基因导入受体中。利用花粉作为载体介导外源基因转化,避免了传统的基因枪法和农杆菌转化所要求的组织培养技术,转化方法简单、易操作,具有很强的实用性。  相似文献   

14.
HSSP基因植物表达载体构建及其对大豆的遗传转化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
大豆中含硫氨基酸匮乏,限制了大豆的营养价值和商业价值。为了提高大豆的含硫氨基酸含量,利用人工设计合成的高含硫氨基酸贮藏蛋白基因(HSSP)转化大豆。以载体p TF101.1为骨架,构建植物表达载体p TFGS,利用农杆菌介导法转化大豆品种东农50,经PCR及试纸条检测,获得转基因大豆16株,基因的转化效率为1.94%。对转基因大豆株系GSDL5进行组织特异性分析,结果表明,HSSP基因在种子中超量表达,而在其它组织部位仅有微量表达。采用接头PCR方法对株系GSDL5基因组插入位点侧翼序列进行克隆,获得与大豆基因组序列匹配的436 bp侧翼序列,HSSP基因插入2号染色体基因的非编码区。经研究,获得了遗传背景明确的,仅在大豆种子中超量表达HSSP的转基因株系GSDL5。  相似文献   

15.
基因枪转化的bar基因表达盒在水稻中的重组结构   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
应用Southern杂交和引物组合PCR技术研究了基因枪转化的bar基因表达盒(包括启动子、编码区和终止子)在水稻(Oryza sativa L.)中的重组结构。bar基因表达盒的多个拷贝通过重组连接形成1~3个转基因串联子,彼此邻近整合在受体基因组内一个较大的染色体区域,不同转基因串联子之间由水稻基因组DNA间隔,形成转基因簇。bar基因表达盒形成转基因串联子时,存在头接头、头接尾、尾接尾3种连接方式,通常伴随着bar基因片段的截短。  相似文献   

16.
为提高大豆的耐旱性,本研究根据大豆偏爱的密码子将来源于枯草杆菌抗旱相关基因cspB序列进行了优化,并构建了植物表达载体pCAMBIA3301-cspB,利用农杆菌介导法将cspB基因导入大豆栽培品种Bert中。用于遗传转化子叶节外植体共3 800个,经PCR和Southern鉴定,并结合PPT抗性筛选,共获得了95棵阳性转基因植株,转化率为2.5%。经初步筛选,获得了7份耐旱性较好的转基因大豆新材料。这些材料将进一步用于耐旱转基因大豆新品种培育工作。  相似文献   

17.
核酶基因转化番木瓜的研究   总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19  
利用酶(Ribozyme,Rib.)基因转化番木瓜(Cwarica papaya L.)探索培育抗番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya Ringspot Virus,PRV)品种的新途径。用三亲交配法将切割PRV RNA的Rib,基因的表达载体(P35s/NPⅡ,Rib),转入农杆菌LBA4404,采用农杆菌介导转化将Rib,,基因和NPTⅡ基因导入番木瓜细胞的核基因组中。其培养的外植体在含有Kan.10  相似文献   

18.
以已经克隆到亚麻木质素合成关键酶咖啡酸-O-甲基转移酶基因(COMT)全长cDNA序列为基础,通过扩增RNAi顺式及反式片段(均为249 bp),先连接到中间载体pBSK,再连接表达载体pCAMBIA-1301-multi,构建成COMT基因的RNAi表达载体,通过农杆菌介导转化亚麻,获得转基因植株,通过GUS染色和PCR检测,表明干扰载体已经转入亚麻中。这为推进亚麻纤维品质改良的分子育种提供了基础。  相似文献   

19.
为了增强荠菜DREB1A基因在转基因水稻中的表达,构建了由Ubi启动子驱动的植物表达载体pUΩCbDREB3300.通过基因枪转化法将CbDREB1A基因导入水稻光温敏核不育系4008S,获得5个抗干旱胁迫的再生植株.运用PCR及Southern杂交技术对抗性再生植株进行鉴定,结果显示CbDREB1A基因已整合到水稻基因组中.干旱胁迫后转基因水稻植株脯氨酸含量显著高于对照,显示耐旱性增强.  相似文献   

20.
利用PCR技术扩增含有hrpZpsta基因的克隆载体pMD18-T-hrpZpsta,以植物表达载体pBI121为基础,将PCR产物插入到此植物表达载体中.利用农杆菌介导的大豆子叶节转化法将构建好的表达载体导入大豆品种吉农28中,选用筛选条件为100mg·L-1的卡那霉素选择培养基培养,对获得的转基因植株进行PCR检测...  相似文献   

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