三种灌木种子萌发特性的研究

试验结果表明，金银忍冬和紫珠种子无休眠期。前者在１３℃夜／２０℃昼，暗培养条件下，５天初萌，２２天成苗率达８９％；后者在２０℃夜／３０℃昼，暗培养条件下，９天初萌，２０天成苗率达６３％。鸡树条荚Ｍｉ种子在１７－２０℃混湿沙层积９０天后，用ＧＡ３处理９６小时，于２０℃夜／２５℃昼暗培养条件下，５０天安萌，３个星期发芽率达８０％；若用１％或０．５％浓度的ＴＴＣ染色，在３５℃下，分别染色６小时和９小时，     

三种灌木种子萌发特性的研究

试验结果表明，金银忍冬和紫珠种子无休眠期。前者在１３℃夜／２０℃昼，暗培养条件下，５天初萌，２２天成苗率达８９％；后者在２０℃夜／３０℃昼，暗培养条件下，９天初萌，２０天成苗率达６３％。鸡树条荚蓬种子在１７～２０℃混湿沙层积９０天后，用ＧＡ３处理９６小时，于２０℃夜／２５℃昼暗培养条件下，５０天初萌，３个星期发芽率达８０％；若用１％或０．５％浓度的ＴＴＣ染色，在３５℃下，分别染色６小时和９小时，均能获得良好效果。     

金银忍冬播种繁殖技术

金银忍冬为东北地区优良观赏树种,目前在东北地区园林绿地中广泛栽植应用。通过对其播种繁殖技术的研究表明,春季和秋季均可进行金银忍冬播种,但播前种子必须经过高温暖湿预处理,否则播后当年不出苗、出苗迟、出苗不全。     

金银忍冬育苗技术与经济价值

金银忍冬属于落叶灌木,是优良的园林观花观果植物。介绍了金银忍冬的形态特征与生态习性、繁殖方法、栽培技术,分析了金银忍冬的经济价值,以期为金银忍冬的大力发展提供参考。     

不同溶液处理下的金银忍冬播种试验

分别对金银忍冬种子进行高锰酸钾、阿司匹林、抗菌优等不同溶液浸种、消毒、催芽后播种,试验表明,0.50%高锰酸钾溶液处理后的种子生长最好,其次为用0.10%抗菌优溶液处理的种子。     

金银忍冬播种育苗技术

金银忍冬是经济绿化树种,通过实践总结了金银忍冬的播种育苗技术。     

金银忍冬植株不同部位粉末鉴定

采用传统的生药学方法对金银忍冬植株不同部位进行粉末鉴别研究,采用制作粉末临时装片观察金银忍冬叶、枝条、果实的粉末特征。通过对金银忍冬粉末特性的鉴别,对其进行生药学研究及生药学质量鉴定提供科学依据。     

不同植物外源激素处理对蓝靛果忍冬种子萌发的影响

用GA_3、IAA、IBA等3种植物外源激素对蓝靛果忍冬种子进行浸种试验,以探索不同浓度的不同激素对蓝靛果忍冬种子发芽的影响。结果表明:不同浓度的GA_3、IAA、IBA对蓝靛果忍冬种子的萌发作用有不同的影响,浓度为500 mg/L的IAA对蓝靛果忍冬发芽率和发芽指数促进效果最好;浓度为250 mg/L的IAA对蓝靛果忍冬发芽势的促进效果最好。     

介绍两种药用植物

金银忍冬(Lonicera maackii)又名马氏忍冬、王八骨头、鸡骨头、狗集谷、金银木。历史上没有金银忍冬药用记载,在山区仅作烧柴用。北京、黑龙江、陕西和江南部分省、市有引种作街道、庭院绿化树的。该种根系发达,老株丛状,树势旺盛,枝叶丰满,而且花期较长,花成对开放,由白变黄,有香气,秋季红果满冠,是理想的绿化树种和优良的水土保持树种。陕西汉中地区也有用金银忍冬叶制成食用凉粉,称观音粉或神仙粉。陕西中药研究所邢绍周研究员,从1960年就开始进行金银忍冬的药用研究工作,已发现其叶化学成分与金银花相同,含绿原酸、异绿原酸、总黄酮等。几乎无毒。用叶制成冲     

4种忍冬属植物花粉形态结构的扫描电镜观察

在扫描电子显微镜下观察了长白山4种忍冬属植物长白忍冬(Lonicera ruprechtiana)、金银忍冬(Lonicera maackii(Rupr.)Maxim.)、黄花忍冬(Lonicera chrysantha)、蓝靛果忍冬(Lonicea caerulea L.)的花粉形态结构,并对有关分类学问题进行讨论。     

Effects of tallowtree seed coat on seed germination

We measured physiological parameters including water uptake, in-vitro embryo germination ratio, and seed coat structure observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to explore the influence of seed coat on the germination of seeds of tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum (Linn) Roxb.). Tallow tree seeds had good water permeability. We found that germination of cabbage seeds was inhibited when cabbage seeds were soaked in extracted solutions from tallow tree seed coat. Seed coat structure at the side of the radicle appeared to be a barrier to seed germination. We tested methods to break tallow tree seed dormancy. Dormancy of tallow tree seeds was overcome by soaking the seeds in 500 mg·L-1 or 1000 mg·L-1 GA3, followed by 100 days of cold stratification.     

A model integrating seed source adaptation and seed use

A conceptual model that considers theperformance (adaptability) of a seed source (=anorigin) and the location or range of its deployment isdeveloped employing the Cauchy function. The modelassumes that there exists an optimal site type foreach provenance origin (genetic material), and thatloss in performance is a function of the distance (ameasure of increasing maladaptation) from the optimalsite. The model requires the estimate of threeparameters: a site requirement value that measuressite type in one dimension; a measure of optimalperformance; and a flexibility measure of the width ofseed source adaptability. The Cauchy function has aknown integral, thus the average adaptability over arange (a possible seed use zone) can be mathematicallyevaluated. The model was also extended to seed orchardcrops representing progeny of parents of variableorigins. Scots pine information in Sweden was used todemonstrate possible applications of the model.     

落叶松种子园雌雄花量和种子量调查与分析

对木兰林管局龙头山国家重点落叶松良种基地种子园的母树雌雄花量和种子数进行了调查分析。在此基础上,针对种子园的建园和种子园育种提出了建设性的建议和措施。     

Balancing seed yield and breeding value in clonal seed orchards

Seed orchards should produce seeds that are both abundant and of high genetic value. This study suggests methods to achieve such a compromise and study their efficiency. The methods were applied on data obtained from 41 seed orchard clones of Scots pine from mid-Sweden. The value of the seed orchard crop was set as a function of its breeding value, the amount of seeds produced and their gene diversity, measured as the effective number of clones. The proportion of ramets of different clones that maximized this value was regarded as the optimum for deployment of the clones in a seed orchard. The results were compared with truncation selection for breeding value, truncation selection for clone benefit (the product of seed production and breeding value) and linear deployment (where ramets are deployed linearly in relation to breeding value). The influence of two parameters was studied: the relative importance of breeding value for seed value and the size of the penalty for reducing the value of the seed crop with respect to lost gene diversity. The conventional wisdom is to select the clones with the highest breeding values, but that turned out to be the most inferior alternative studied. Clone benefit truncation provided a good approximation to optimal benefit for cases, where the effective number was low and dependence of breeding value limited.     

湿地松种子园种子高产技术

通过对无性系选择、栽植密度与经营密度管理、专用肥、抚育管理、辅助授粉、病虫害防治等方面的论述,阐明了湿地松种子园种子高产技术.     

Study on prediction model of seed crop ofLarix olgensis seed orchard

By taking three forecasting methods (sample trees, sample branches and climate factors prediction) the forecasting equation of seed were established through correlation analysis and regression analysis on seed crop of Qingshan and QinheLarix olgensis seed orchard. The research results showed that it gave more accurate prediction with less working load by taking pistillate numbers of four sample branches at middle layer of crown to predicate seed crop. And the short-term prediction equation of this method was established. The correlation analysis between seed crop and climate factors showed that the relative humidity May and June, annual evaporative amount, and accumulated temperature above 10°C, possess the highest effect on bud differentiation and seed crop, then the middle-term predication equation of climate factors was established.     

Vascular bundle connection between seed stalk and seed coat of Caragana arborescens

The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology, transmission route of photosynthetic products in the seed stalk of Caragana arborescens Lam. at various stages after flowering and evaluate the role of the seed stalk in seed maturation using scanning electron microscopy. We found that the mature seed stalk mainly consisted of vessels,sclerenchymatous cells and parenchymatous cells. Elongated cells formed a ring at the junction between the seed stalk and seed, and a large hollow was produced by two layers of sclerenchymatous cells in the interior seed, which functions to sustain seed growth. The opening in the center of the ring was closed during an early stage of seed development, and the opening enlarged as the seed matured.There were two routes for material transport, which started from the seed stalk: one from the seed coat to the embryo,and another directly entering the embryo. Vessels, which are abundant in the seed stalk, are the pathway for absorption of nutrients by the seeds. The vessels were densely packed in the seed stalk, and secondary thickening of the cell wall of the vessels was characterized by net thread thickening, while the secondary thickening of the cell wall of the vessels within the seed was characterized by screw thread thickening. The morphological characteristics of the vessels were adaptive to its functions.     

美国桂花种子低温层积过程中种子结构的变化

美国桂花种子属于深休眠类型,在自然条件下,需要经过2a才能萌发。研究了美国桂花种子低温层积过程中种子结构的变化。结果表明:在低温层积过程中随着层积时间的延长,美国桂花种子种壳中的种孔呈现不断变大、增多的趋势,这说明在自然条件下美国桂花种壳不会阻碍种子的吸水、透气,从而抑制种子的萌发;胚乳中内含物透射观察发现,随着层积时间的延长,细胞膜逐渐解体,到后期淀粉、脂粒大量出现。这表明,在低温层积过程中胚乳中营养物质不断分解,为种子萌发生长提供所需的物质和能量。     

日本落叶松种子园大龄母树去顶修枝试验初报

以长岭岗林场日本落叶松种子园大龄母树为研究对象,开展去顶及修枝试验,结果表明:去顶修枝对促进日本落叶松母树新生枝条萌发的效果显著,不同修剪强度之间萌条数量和质量差异显著,修剪强度越大新生萌条数量和质量越好;修剪后第4、5年雌雄球花数量均很少,与对照相当或少于对照,去顶修枝对促进花芽分化作用不明显。     

杉木种子园种实害虫的综合治理

本文概述了杉木种子园主要种实害虫的综合治理措施。以虫情监测为基础,结合采种摘除虫害球果及强度修枝等林业技术,适时应用０．０５％溴氰菊酯油烟剂防治成虫。通过５年综合治理,使杉木种子园的球果虫害率明显下降,种子产量有较大提高,取得了明显的经济、社会和生态效益。