Pyrenocines J-M: four new pyrenocines from the endophytic fungus, Phomopsis sp

Four new pyrenocines, named pyrenocines J-M (1-4), were isolated from an endophytic fungus, Phomopsis sp, by a bioassay-guided method. The structures of the new compound have been assigned from 1H and 13C NMR spectra, DEPT, and by 2D COSY, HMQC, and HMBC experiments. Preliminary studied showed that compounds 1, 2 and 4 showed good antifungal, antibacterial, and algicidal properties, while compound 3 had good antibacterial and algicidal properties.     

Biodegradation of sugarcane bagasse with marine fungusPhlebia sp. MG-60

A marine fungus,Phlebia sp. MG-60, and three white-rot fungi were incubated with whole sugarcane bagasse (WSB). The residual lignin content and holocellulose content in the decayed WSB were determined, and based on their content delignification selection factors of the fungi were calculated. More than 50% of lignin in the WSB was degraded byPhlebia sp. MG-60, and less than 10% of the holocellulose was lost. The WSB was fractioned by sieving to separate long-fiber bagasse, shortfiber bagasse, and bagasse pith. WhenPhlebia sp. MG-60 was incubated with the three fractions, more efficient delignification activity on the bagasse pith was observed. As the most efficient utilization of bagasse, we predict that bagasse fiber might be employed as the raw material in the pulp and paper industry after biopulping withPhlebia sp. MG-60 and bagasse pith, or WSB might be used to produce animal feed after fermentation with the strain.     

A new alkaloid from the fruits of Celastrus orbiculatus

From the fruits of Celastrus orbiculatus, a new alkaloid 3-oxo-4-benzyl-3, 4-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo [2, 1-c] oxazine-6-methylal (1), was isolated. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods.     

A new sesquiterpene from the fruits of Allophylus laevigatus

From the fruits of Allophylus laevigatus a new sesquiterpene, 11-acetoxy-4 alpha-methoxyeudesmane, was isolated alongwith the known compounds carissone and apigenin-8-C-beta-rhamnopyranoside. The flavone showed no antioxidant activity in the autoxidation of beta-carotene assay.     

A new flavanol from Daphne genkwa

A new flavanol, 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-8-ethoxycarbonylflavanol (1), was isolated from the ethanol extract of Daphne genkwa Sieb. et Zucc. Its structure was defined by spectroscopic methods.     

A new norhopane from Harpullia arborea

A new norhopane triterpenoid, 3beta-eicosanoyl-6beta-hydroxy-21alphaH-24-norhopan-4(23),22(29)-diene (1), was isolated from the leaves of Harpullia arborea. The structure of the compound was determined by spectroscopic methods.     

A new cardenolide from the roots of Terminalia arjuna

A new cardenolide, 16,17-dihydroneridienone 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (1), was isolated from the roots of Terminalia arjuna.     

A new cardenolide from the seeds of Terminalia bellerica

A new cardenolide, cannogenol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), was isolated form the seeds of Teminalia bellerica.     

A new cardenolide from the roots of Streptocaulon tomentosum

A new cardenolide, (17 alpha)-H-periplogenin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-2-O-acetyl-3-O-methyl-beta-fucopyranoside (1), was isolated from the roots of Streptocaulon tomentosum.     

A new diterpene dimer from the bark ofChamaecyparis obtusa

This paper describes characterization of diterpenes of the bark of Japanese cypress,Chamaecyparis obtusa (S. and Z.) Endl, without the resinous stem canker to learn the difference between the cypress bark affected with the canker. A diterpene dimer and two diterpenes, 6,12-dihydroxyabieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one and 6,12-dihydroxyabieta-5,8,11, 13-tetraen-7-one, were firstly isolated from Japanese cypress. The dimer, 6-(abieta-6,8,11, 13-tetraenyl-12-oxy)-7-methoxyabieta-8,11,13-trien-12-ol, was a new compound. It is a terpene indicative ofC. obtusa not infected with the resinous stem canker. Five known diterpenes were also isolated.     

A new halimane-type diterpenoid from the liverwort Jungermannia infusca

The isolation of 1(10)-halimadien-13xi-ol (1), a new diterpenoid from Jungermannia infusca, is reported.     

A new phytosterone from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata

A new phytosterone, (20R, 22R)-2beta, 3beta, 20, 22, 26-pentahydroxy-cholestan-7,12-dien-6-one (1), was isolated from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral data.     

A new triterpenoid from the leaves of Salvia triloba

The isolation and NMR spectral data of palestinol, a new triterpenoid from the leaves of Salvia triloba, are reported.     

A new compound from the leaves of Panax ginseng

Two compounds were isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng. Their structures were identified as 3beta,6alpha,12beta-triol-22,23,24,25,26,27-hexanordammaran-20-one, and dammar-20(22),24-diene-3beta,6alpha,12beta-triol by spectral and chemical methods. The complete signal assignments of the two compounds were carried out by means of 2D NMR spectral analysis.     

A new protolimonoid from Capuronianthus mahafalensis

From stem barks of Capuronianthus mahafalensis (Meliaceae) endemic to Madagascar, a new protolimonoid named capulin containing a four membered ring in its side chain was isolated by repeated silica gel column chromatography. Its structure was determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution MS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a four-membered ring occurs in the side chain of protolimonoids.     

A new flavonoid from Limnophila rugosa

A minor flavonoid constituent of Limnophila rugosa has been isolated from its petrol extract and identified as 5,7-dihydroxy-8,3',5'-trimethoxyflavone (1).     

A new isoxazol from Glehnia littoralis

A new isoxazol derivative, 9,9a-dihydro-naphtho [2, 3-c] isoxazol-3(1H)-one (Naphthisoxazol A) (1, Fig. 1) was isolated from the roots of the traditional Chinese medicine Glehnia littoralis. The structure has been elucidated on the basis of MS and extensive NMR analysis.     

A new cerebroside from Polygala japonica

The isolation of a new cerebroside, 1-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,11E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxypalmitoylamino]-11-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (polygalacerebroside) (1), from the aerial part of Polygala japonica is reported.