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酶制剂对肉兔生长性能和消化机能的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
62只28日龄断奶布列塔尼亚兔按窝配对法分为三组,
1组为对照组,2、3组为试验组,日粮中分别添加075%和 01%饲用复合酶制剂。测定各组日增重、日耗料、屠宰
率、饲料成分消化率、消化道及胰腺发育情况等指标。结 果表明2组日增重略低于1组(P>005),3组日增重比1组提
高974%(P<005),2、3组屠宰率比1组有提高,胃重/体重 、小肠重/体重、盲肠重/体重比1组有下降(P>005);2、3组
胰腺重/体重比1组分别降低了1290%(P<001)和968% (P<005);2、3组饲料消化率分别比1组提高981%和180%
。 相似文献
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选用来源相似的去势里岔黑公猪12头,随机分为2组,分别在32℃恒温和20~32℃变温条件下饲养3个阶段,每个阶段饲喂3种不同的日粮(3×3拉丁方),测定日粮营养物质消化率.结果表明,在恒温条件下,3个阶段日粮2的粗蛋白质消化率最高,分别为72.8%、72.4%和73.0%,显著高于日粮1和日粮3(P<0.05),日粮消化能转化率和有机物消化率分别为74.9%~81.7%和58.0%~83.6%,恒温组的日粮有机物消化率(69.0%)显著高于变温组的65.7%(P<0.05),消化能转化率则无显著差异,其变化范围为74.5%~81.7%. 相似文献
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用产奶牛饲喂试验(试验1)和尼龙袋消化试验(试验2)研究了大豆皮替代产奶牛日粮精料中玉米与小麦麸对产奶性能和千物质及纤维消化特性的影响。试验1条件下,以大豆皮替代精料中25%和50%玉米与小麦麸饲喂奶牛,每千克产奶的饲料成本平均减少0.045元和0.057元。试验2利用2头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的本地黄牛测定了大豆皮及5种饲粮大豆皮替代水平(分别替代精料中玉米和小麦麸的0、25%、50%、75%和100%)的干物质(DM)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的尼龙袋消化率与动态消化参数。随着大豆皮替代玉米与小麦麸比例的提高.饲粮NDF中慢速消化组分的比例呈线性(P=0.002)和二次线性曲线(P=0.001)上升;快速消化组分趋于线性上升(P=0.082);NDF总体可消化组分呈线性上升(P=0.001)。 相似文献
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日粮中性洗涤纤维水平对生长公牛碳水化合物和蛋白质消化代谢的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用拉丁方试验设计,选择6头12月龄的中国荷斯坦公牛,分别喂给6种不同NDF(中性洗涤纤维)水平的日粮,(NDF在日粮中的比例分别为:30.26%、32.49%、34.74%、36.94%、39.16%、41.39%),以研究NDF对碳水化合物和蛋白质消化代谢的影响。试验表明,NDF水平对日粮ND和ADF(酸性洗涤纤维)的表现消化率有显著影响(P〈0.05),日粮NDF和ADF的表现消率随日粮NDF水平的提高而升高,淀粉的消化率受日粮NDF水平的影响下大(P〉0.05);NDF水平对日粮氮的利用率有明显影响(P〈0.05),过高或过低均不利于氮的沉积;NDF对日粮能量的表现消化率有显著影响(P〈0.05),日粮能量表现消化率随NDF水平的提高而下降。 相似文献
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小麦副产品是饲料原料,其中的阿(拉伯)糖基木聚糖会降低饲料的营养消化率。下脚料是一种副产品(从干小麦到面粉),含有不同数量的粗麦麸、次粉、小麦筛渣和细麦麸。下脚料的消化率不是很清楚,在小麦日粮和含有30%的副产品(下脚料、次粉、细麦麸、小麦筛渣、粗麦麸)的日粮中添加木聚糖酶(0或4000units/kg 日粮),测定对能量、氨基酸、磷和钙的消化率的影响。试验进行2×6的分组。小麦对照组含有13.96MJ/kg的消化能和3.0g的标准小肠可消化赖氨酸.日粮含有0.4%三价铬酸。12只小肠钻洞的猪(32.5±2.5kg)饲喂12种日粮,满足消化能的需要量。粪便和小肠的消化物每两天收集一次。木聚糖酶能提高小肠能量消化率2.2个百分单位,提高消化能0.42MJ/kg(P〈0.10),提高小肠干物质消化率2.8个百分单位(P〈0.05),日粮和木聚糖酶的互作未观察到。木聚糖酶可以提高能量、干物质的消化率和漕化能含量(P〈0.05),日粮和木聚糖酶的互作能观察到。木聚糖酶能将下脚料总能量消化率从72.1%提高到78.g%,干物质消化能从13.33提高到14.67MJ/kg,干物质的消化率从71.5%提高到78.6%。木聚糖酶能提高消化率和日粮中某些消化氨基酸的含量,如赖氨酸、苏氨酸和缬氨酸(P〈0.05),日粮种类对这些也有影响(P〈0.05),木聚糖酶能分别提高下脚料、次粉、细麦糠.小麦筛渣和粗麦糠赖氨酸的消化率13.8、5.0、5.2,6.0和141个百分单位。日粮对磷和钙的消化率有影响(P〈0.01),木聚糖酶能提高磷和钙的可消化含量(P〈0.05)。总之,营养物质消化率会随着小麦副产品不同而变化,每千克下脚料干物质中含有11.08MJ的消化能,木聚糖酶能增加到15.26MJ。木聚糖酶能提高小麦副产品营养物质消化率和干物质含量,一定程度上受副产品种类的影响。木聚糖酶可以很大程度上添加到小麦副产品猪日粮中,改善营养物质消化率,这可能与阿(控伯)糖基木聚糖有关。 相似文献
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添加剂和制粒对多浪羊棉花秸秆日粮消化利用的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在粉碎棉花秸秆占87%的基础日粮(日粮1)中,添入1.75%营养添加剂(日粮2),并将日粮2制成颗粒(日粮3),分别饲喂给3组1~2岁多浪绵羊(n=6),以研究添加剂和日粮制粒对多浪羊棉花秸秆日粮消化利用的影响。试验结果表明,添喂添加剂可显著提高绵羊对粗蛋白质、钙、磷的采食量和消化率,使保留量分别增加69%(P〈0.05)、268%(P〈0.01)和216%(P〈0.01),但对于物质、有机物、纤维素和半纤维素的消化率无显著影响。将秸秆日粮制粒可使绵羊的采食量增加37%(P〈0.05),但使消化率降低约10%(P〈0.05),结果提高绵羊氮、钙的保留量和日增重。根据推算,多浪羊对粉碎棉花秸秆的消化能为6.57~7.66MJ/kgDM,并且随B粮的营养成分与采食量有所变化。 相似文献
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选用长白×雅南杂交猪72头(体重18.44±1.34kg)。考察了含15%麦麸的生长猪饲粮中以磷酸氢钙形式添加O%、0.09%、0.18%、0.27%、0.36%无机磷(IP)和在玉米-豆粕对照饲粮中添加0.26%(IP)对生产性能、干物质(DM)、钙(Ca)、总磷(TP)表观消化率的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,15%麦麸饲粮中添加不同水平的IP对平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ANFI)、饲料转化率(F/G)均无显著影响(P〉O.05);DM、Ca、TP表观消化率随IP添加水平的提高而逐渐下降。15%麦麸不加无机磷组生产性能与对照组比较差异不显著(P〉0.05),但DM、Ca、TP表观消化率分别提高5%、54.9%、32.4%(P〈O.01)。回归分析表明:15%麦麸饲粮添加无机磷0.1%,生长猪生产性能最高。以生产性能为衡量指标,生长猪饲粮含15%麦麸可减少0.16%的无机磷。含麦麸的植物性饲粮具有节约无机磷的作用。 相似文献
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抗热应激中药添加剂对经产母猪繁殖性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
试验选用30头分娩后18天的经产母猪,随机分为3组,中药方1和方2组为试验组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验期为15天,日平均温度为27.6℃-33.7℃,相对湿度为22%-96%,结果表明,中药添加剂可有效调节高温下产后母猪的繁殖性能。试验组母猪与对照组相比:①返情率均降低了20%;②断乳至再发情的时间提前,其中方1组提前了1896(P<0.05),方2组提前了27%(P<0.01);③产仔头数提高,其中方1组提高了11%(P<0.05),方2组提高了22%(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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豆油和油脂粉对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
试验豆油及HTL316脂肪粉对早期断奶仔猪的添加效果。选择28日龄体质量为(6.6±0.51)kg的断奶仔猪150头,分为3组,分别饲喂3种饲粮:对照日粮(组1)、对照日粮+豆油(组2)、对照日粮+HTL316(组3)。试验分3期。试验结果表明,在断奶后0~10、11~22、23~38、0~38d,组3的平均日增质量比组2分别提高12.9%(P〈0.05)、5.4%(P〉0.05)、10.6%(P〈0.05)、6.6%(P〉0.05),料肉比分别降低9.7%(P〉0.05)、8.0%(P〉0.05)、10.1%(P〈0.05)、7.0%(P〉0.05)。在断奶后0~10d,组3的有机物消化率、粗脂肪消化率及总能消化率分别比组2提高11.08%、10.89%和11.31%,差异均显著。在断奶后23~38d,组3的有机物消化率和粗脂肪消化率显著高于组2。在断奶后0~10、11~38和0~38d,组3的增质量饲料成本比组2分别低0.46、0.35和0.37元/kg。结论是断奶仔猪日粮中添加HTL316可提高生产性能,降低饲养成本。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献