长白山野菜资源的特点

重点介绍了长白山山野菜资源的种类、储量、营养、市场价格、分布等情况，为开发利用这一资源提供了一些原始资料．     

长白山阔叶红松林草本植物季节动态分析

通过在长白山阔叶红松林内设置固定样地,分析了该地草本植物季节变化。结果显示:样地内共调查到草本植物85种,隶属于30科68属;物种组成受季节性水热条件所主导,随季节变化明显;草本植物总株数受林下光照条件所主导,随上层林木树冠郁闭而减少。     

长白山水生生物资源研究进展

长白山区水生生物资源是其整个自然资源的组成部分,为珍贵的天然财富,与人类的经济生活有着密切的关系,它们可以为人类提供名贵的药材和食疗佳品。长白山水生生物主要包括水生植物、水生昆虫、鱼类、两栖类。本文对长白山地区水生生物资源的研究概况进行了简要综述。     

长白山香菇生态分布及种类调查

香菇属Ｌｅｎｔｉｎｕｓ，是口蘑科Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｌｏｍａｔａｃｅａｅ一个重要的属。这个属的种类在世界上分布很广，与人类生活有着密切的关系，大多数种是美味的野生食用菌。香菇Ｌｅｎｔｉｎｕｓｅｄｏｅｓ（Ｂｅｒｋｓ）Ｓｉｎｇ是目前世界上栽培最广，产量最高的人工栽培食用菌。     

臭椿的研究进展与展望

臭椿是我国重要的乡土树种之一,抗逆性强,是我国绿化与生态防护兼用的速生用材树种,具有较高的经济、生态和观赏价值.该文在对臭椿资源分布、开发利用及遗传资源评价等相关研究总结的基础上,阐述了臭椿的研究现状及展望,以期为臭椿抗逆、开发利用和遗传育种等方面的深入研究提供借鉴.     

长白山落叶松人工天然混交林空间格局研究

用点格局分布、混交度和大小比数3个林分空间结构参数,分析了长白山落叶松人工林与天然林木混交的林分空间结构。结果表明:①空间分布:入侵的天然树种呈现明显的聚集分布,落叶松除15m时的聚集分布外均呈现显著的随机分布,林分整体呈现小尺度的聚集分布,在大尺度下呈随机分布。②混交度:林分的混交度为0.84,说明它是一个由不同树种呈现强度混交结构状态组成的复杂森林群落。③大小比数:落叶松占据了优势地位,入侵的天然树种冷杉优势最明显,榆树最不具优势。     

长白山兽类资源

长白山位于吉林省东南部，是我国东北地区第一高峰。地势高耸，森林茂密，自然环境条件复杂多样，对于气候、植被及动物地理分布上，占有十分重要的地位。因此，长白山的兽类也历来为国内外学者所关注。     

南方红豆杉天然群落的物种多样性和群落分布格局的研究

采用罗盘你定位测定的方法，对井冈山较大的南方红豆杉天然群落的物种多样性和２分布格局进行研究，结果表明：群落的物种多样性指数较高，在４．８－５．２之间；属的地理成份多样化，每个群落含有１０个以上属的分布区类型，每个属的物种含量为１．３－１．４种。另外，群落的物种多样性在较小的区域范围有适度干扰种生境选择规律。群落内部南方红豆杉的分布格局２表现为空间和时间上的规律。     

长白山阔叶松林树种多样性及消长动态评析

本文采用28块样地每木调查资料,依据年龄与直径存在的相互关系,以经级结构代替年龄结构,对阔叶红松林内各主要树种的树种多样性及消长动态进行评述。阔叶红松林是我国较为珍贵的森林资源,林内不仅生长判 极为珍贵的红松、紫椴、水曲柳、黄菠萝等树种,而且也是我种动、植物生存和繁衍的要好环境,在我国林业生产和经济建设中起着重要作用。     

Leaf and twig litter decomposition of main species in different forests along the north slope of Changbai Mountain, northeast China

From 2001 to 2003, the litter decomposition dynamics of dominant tree species were conducted using a litterbag burying method in the broadleaf-Korean pine forest, spruce-fir forest and Ermans birch forest, which represents three altitudinal belts in Changbai Mountain, northeast China. The spatial and temporal dynamics of litter decomposition and the effects of litter properties were examined. Furthermore, the decomposition trend of different species was simulated by the Olson model, and results showed that annual mass loss rates increased over time, but was not significantly correlated. Leaf decomposition rates increased after decomposing for 638 days (1.75 years), and the order of dry weight remaining rates of leaf litter for different species is: Asian white birch (Betula platyphylla) (24.56%) < Amur linden (Tilia amurensis) (24.81%) < Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) (38.48%) < spruce (Picea jezoensis var. microsperma) (41.15%) < Ermans birch (Betula ermanii) (41.53%) < fir (Abies nephrolepis) (42.62%). The dry weight remaining rates of twig litter was smaller than that of leaf litter, and followed the order of Amur linden (44.98%) < fir (64.62%) < Korean pine (72.07%) < spruce (73.51%) < Asian white birch (77.37%) < Ermans birch (80.35%). The simulation results by the Olson model showed that, in leaf, the 95%-decomposition rates ranged from 4.5 to 8.0 years, and annual decomposition rate (k) followed the order of Amur linden (0.686) > Asian white birch (0.624) > Korean pine (0.441) > spruce (0.406) > fir (0.397) > Ermans birch (0.385); in twig, it ranged from 7.8 to 29.3 years, and k follows the order: Amur linden (0.391) > fir (0.204) > Korean pine (0.176) > spruce (0.157) > Asian white birch (0.148) > Ermans birch (0.102). In general, the differences of decomposition rate are evident between leaf and twig litter and among species, and were higher in broad-leaved species compared with coniferous species at the same elevation, and decreased with the ascending of elevation. __________ Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26(4): 1,037–1,046 [译自: 生态学报]     

长白山自然保护区蝴蝶区系研究

2003～2006年对长白山保护区蝴蝶种类进行了多次系统调查,共采集蝴蝶100种,隶属于7科59属,区系成分以广布种为主,各林带蝴蝶种类以红松阔叶林最多,苔原带最少,体现了环境变化对蝴蝶种类分布的影响。     

长白山马鹿的调查

马鹿在吉林省的分布区可划为 3个一级区和 8个二级区 ,适栖面积为 1.0 4× 10 6hm2 ,预计数量为 9853± 3586只 ,马鹿的平均寿命为 6.9岁。     

长白山北坡土壤线虫的群落结构特征

对长白山北坡不同海拔（7262200m）的阔叶红松林、红松云冷杉混交林、暗针叶林、岳桦林和高山苔原中土壤线虫进行了研究。在2001、2002年春天,分别在样地的枯枝落叶层、不同深度的表层土（0-5、5-10、10．20cm）掘取土壤样品进行分析。土壤线虫群落中共有27个科,60个属,其中Plectus和Tylenchus两属为优势属,优势属线虫主要分布在枯枝落叶层中。土壤线虫数量与土壤含水量显著相关（r=0．357;p〈0.01）。在不同深度和植被群落中丰富度最大的是食细菌类群线虫。土壤线虫总数和营养类群在不同土壤深度中差异显著（p〈0.05）;食真菌类群／食细菌类群（F／B）和食真菌类群数量与食细菌类群数量之和与植食类群数量之比（WI）在不同深度也存在明显差异（P〈0．05）。总之,土壤水分是影响土壤线虫密度和营养组成的最主要因素之一,海拔梯度并未显著影响土壤线虫的生态指标,如营养多样性和Shannon指数。     

Species frequency of communities along northern slope of Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

IntroductionAs an important index reflecting species spatialpatterns, frequency reflects not only the importanceof species, but also the evenness of spatial distribution in community (Lin 1986, Magurran 1988; Dale1999). Frequency figure could reveal the complexityand diversity of community at some extent. Raunkiaer(1918) divided frequency indices into five classes,namely, Ac 1%-20%, Ba 21%-40%, Cd 41%-60%, Da61%-80%, and Ed 81%-100%, and based on 8 078frequency indices of herbaceous vegetat…     

Problems and relevant strategies on natural forest protection in Changbai Mountain forest area

Changbai Mountain forest area is not only is a national timber base but also a green ecological defense for Songliao Plain of NE China. The Natural Forest Protection Project of this area has an important bearing on the social and economic sustainable development of Jilin Province or even the whole forest area in NE China. This paper summarized general conditions of natural forest in Changbai Mountain state-owned forest area and put forward six problems need to be urgently solved and five strategic suggestions on natural forest protection and sustainable management.     

长白山区核桃楸芽接技术研究

以核桃楸1 a生接穗为材料,研究不同芽接时间和方法对嫁接成活率和接穗生长量影响,结果表明:在不同嫁接时间对核桃楸接穗嫁接成活率影响试验中,6月5日嵌芽接成活率最高,为48.67%,其新梢平均长度和平均直径分别为17.02 cm和6.24 mm,显著高于方块芽接和"T"字形芽接;在不同嫁接方法对接穗成活率影响试验中,5、6月份和7、8月份嵌芽接平均成活率最高,分别为26.00%、31.90%,高于方块芽接和"T"字形芽接。嵌芽接值得推广,最适时间在6月初。     

长白山国家级自然保护区药用植物资源及其多样性研究

经过3年的调查研究,报道了长白山国家级自然保护区共有野生药用植物106科333属613种,分别占吉林省野生药用植物科、属、种数的88·21%、69·66%、58·21%。其中珍稀濒危药用植物39种,占长白山区珍稀濒危药用植物总数的63·93%;东北道地药材有19种。多年生草本类413种,占药用植物总数的67·37%;全草类、根类和根茎类最多,分别占药用植物总数的50·08%、16·48%和12·89%。46·10%的种类属于北温带分布区类型。94·29%的种类分布在海拔720~1000m的红松针阔混交林中。优势科主要有菊科、毛茛科、蔷薇科等。优势属主要有蓼属和乌头属等。提出保护和开发利用的具体建议。     

Biomass distribution patterns of ecotones between forest and swamp in Changbai Mountain

This paper studied the biomass distribution patterns ofLarix olgensis/swamp ecotones andBetula platyphlla/swamp ecotones in Changbai Mountain so as to provide theory foundation for the management of these nature resources, by setting up sample belts, investigating initial data along the environmental gradients change, and establishing regression models. By means of regression models, the biomass of communities, layers, tree species and organs was calculated. In this system, it was found that the community biomass increased gradually along the environmental gradients change from swamp to forest in Changbai Mountain. Furthermore, the ecotoneal biomass distributed mainly over tree layer. The tree biomass distributed mainly in two or three dominate tree species. Foundation item: This project is supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Education Committee. Biography: MU Chang-cheng (1964-), male, associate researcher fellow in Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110015, P.R. China. Responsible editor: Zhu Hong