几例犬瘟热的诊疗体会

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的一种高度接触性病毒性传染病，病程长短不一。其主要发生于幼犬，临床上以复相热型、急性鼻卡他以及支气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的胃肠炎和神经症状为主要特征。一般来说，免疫母犬出生的幼犬，     

中西结合治疗藏獒犬瘟热一例

犬瘟热主要危害幼犬，是由犬瘟热病毒引起的一种传染性极强的病毒性传染病，临床上以双相热、急性鼻卡他以及支气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的消化道障碍和神经症状等为特征。笔者曾用中西医结合的方法治愈藏獒犬瘟热一例，现报道如下。     

中西医结合治疗犬瘟热一例

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的一种传染性极强的病毒性传染病,主要危害幼犬,临床上以双相热、急性鼻卡他以及随后的支气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的消化道障碍和神经症状等为特征。笔者曾用中西医结合的方法治愈犬瘟热一例,现报道如下：     

中西医结合治愈犬瘟热一例

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的犬科、鼬科和部分浣熊科动物的急性、热性、高度接触性传染病，俗称犬瘟。主要危害1—6月龄的幼犬，兽医临床上以早期的双相热、急性鼻卡他以及随后的支气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的胃肠炎和神经症状及皮肤斑疹等症状为特征。笔者采用中西医结合治愈犬瘟热1例，现报道如下。     

犬瘟热的防治及体会

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的一种高度接触性传染病,以早期表现双相热,急性鼻卡他以及气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的胃肠炎和神经症状为特征,主要发生于幼犬。发病后期     

犬瘟热的治疗及防制措施

犬瘟热是一种分布于世界各地主要发生于幼犬的疾病,本病具有高度接触传染性,以双相热,急性鼻卡他及随后的支气管炎、卡他肺炎,严重的胃肠炎和神经症状为特征,原发性病原为一种病毒,即犬瘟热病毒。自然病例所见很多病变是由于细菌性病发症引起。近几年，在兽医临床中，接触病犬100余例，均系2003～2005年安新县兽医院门诊病例，其中3~6月龄72例，6．12月龄21例，成犬9例。犬瘟热是一种常见的，也是较难治愈的一种幼犬多发病，是致幼犬大批死亡的传染病之一。     

犬瘟热的诊治体会

犬瘟热是一种分布于世界各地、主要发生于幼犬的疾病，有高度接触性传染病，以复相热、急性鼻卡他以及随后的支气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的胃肠炎和神经症状为特征。     

犬瘟热的诊断及防制

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒(Canine distemper virus,CDV)引起的一种主要发生于幼犬的高度接触性传染病,以双相热、急性鼻卡他以及随后的支气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的胃     

犬瘟热的诊断与防治

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的一种高度接触性传染性病毒病。病犬以急性鼻卡他以及随后的支气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的胃肠炎和神经症状为主要特征。主要发生于幼犬,冬春季多发,死亡率很高。主要通过与病犬直接接触,飞沫经呼吸道和口腔感染。对犬瘟热的病原学、流行病学、发病机理、临床症状及诊断与防治进行了简单的介绍。     

犬瘟热所致肺炎的治疗

一、概述 犬瘟热俗称犬瘟，是由犬瘟热病毒引起的一种高度接触性、急性败血性烈性传染病。3月龄至1岁的幼犬最易感，以呼吸系统、消化系统和神经系统受损害为主，一部分病例发生皮肤病变和中枢神经系统非化脓性脑膜脑脊髓炎。感染初期似普通感冒，体温升高，持续1～2d好转，随后再次发烧，并出现肺炎等全身症状。以急性鼻卡他以及随后的支气管炎、卡他性肺炎、严重的胃肠炎和神经症状为特征。硬脚掌病是临床和病理解剖的一种特殊病型，主要发生于幼犬。本病的致死率高达50％～80％。如果与犬传染性肝炎等病毒混合感染时，致死率更高。随着犬饲养不断扩大，由犬瘟热病毒引起的犬瘟热已经成为危害巨大的疫病之一。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.