湖南常绿阔叶林群落物种多样性初步研究

湖南常绿阔叶林物种多样性Ｓｉｍｐｓｏｎ指数为２８－４０，ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ－ｗｉｅｎｅｒ指数为４，均匀度为０．７。其经纬度变化没有一定的规律性，下层乔木对群落物种多样起有很大的作用，人类的干扰对其影响相当大。     

祁门县常绿阔叶林类型及其群落物种多样性浅探

在样地调查的基础上,分析了祁门县境内常绿阔叶林的群落类型和群落物种多样性特征。结果表明:祁门县常绿阔叶林可分为6种类型,即苦槠林、甜槠林、青冈栎林、石栎林、木荷林、紫楠林。不同群落类型的物种多样性有差异,苦槠林、甜槠林、石栎林、木荷林多样性较高,青冈栎林次之,紫楠林多样性最低。从群落垂直结构看,群落的灌木层、乔木层、草本层物种多样性依次降低,个别层间物种差异性显著。     

哀牢山自然保护区楚雄州辖区中山湿性常绿阔叶林物种多样性比较

通过哀牢山自然保护区楚雄州辖区内楚雄市、双柏县、南华县片区中山湿性常绿阔叶林监测样地的调查,对物种结构、物种丰富度与物种多样性指数进行比较分析.结果显示,Shannon Wiener's指数:双柏县(3.453)>南华县(3.350)>楚雄市(3.142);Simpson指数:楚雄市(0.921)>双柏县(0.913)...     

万木林中亚热带常绿阔叶林林隙内物种多度分布格局

物种多度分布是生物多样性研究的重要内容．应用对数模型对万木林中亚热带常绿阔叶林林隙的物种多度进行预测与检验．结果表明:万木林中亚热带常绿阔叶林林隙内外的乔木和灌木物种多度都遵从对数级数分布．     

石垟林场省级森林公园常绿阔叶林物种多样性研究

对文成县石垟林场常绿阔叶林的不同样地、不同层次的物种丰富度、物种多样性指数和群落均匀度进行了分析,结果表明:在群落垂直结构中,乔木层第2亚层的物种丰富度、物种多样性指数、群落均匀度显著大于第1亚层.乔木层与灌木层之间多样性各项指标总体无显著差别.乔木层、灌木层的物种丰富度、物种多样性指数均大于草本层,且差异极显著,群落均匀度差异显著.乔木层、灌木层、草本层的多样性各项指标在群落各样地间均有一定的差异,相对而言,灌木层、乔木层的差异较小,草本层的差异较大.     

临安昌化常绿阔叶林群落生物多样性初步研究

通过样地法对临安昌化的常绿阔叶林群落进行调查,主要调查乔木层和灌木层的结构,计算分析各群落的乔木层、灌木层的重要值,乔木层的物种多样性指数。对草本层取小样方进行调查测量,了解草本层的植物构成并计算了草本层的盖度。分析临安昌化常绿阔叶林的群落结构后认为,该常绿阔叶林属顶级群落,具重点保护价值。     

湖南舜皇山常绿阔叶林群落主要结构特征--Ⅳ.乔木物种多样性

生物多样性是当代生态学研究的三大重点领域之一,而物种多样性既是遗传基因的载体,又是生态系统的核心组成部分,所以它在生物多样性研究中所占地位最为重要.以湖南舜皇山常绿阔叶林为研究对象,通过3个生境梯度,33个中样方,99个小样方的叠加和群落重构资料,采用7个测度公式,对物种多样性开展了研究.结果表明舜皇山常绿阔叶乔物种比较丰富,丰富度指数为11.006,信息度指数为3.666 1;α多样性指标中的丰富度指数dGL和Shanmon-Wiener指数,以及β多样性指标中的群落系数和欧氏距离,能较好地反映亚热带常绿阔叶林乔木物种多样性的特征.     

四川洪雅阔叶林区不同植被恢复模式物种多样性比较

对四川中亚热带扁刺栲-华木荷林区20 a生日本落叶松人工纯林(P1)、人工促进针阔混交林(P2)和次生阔叶林(P3)的森林植物群落进行了调查和分析。结果表明,P1、P2和P3的物种丰富度(S)分别为55、69和45;Shannon-W iener多样性指数分别为3.39±0.26、3.77±0.14和3.14±0.31,其差异显著(P<0.05);P2物种多样性最高,P1物种多样性次之,P3物种多样性最低。采伐迹地的不同恢复和重建措施对森林群落以及对群落乔木层、灌木层和草本的物种多样性有显著影响(P<0.001),但对森林群落不同层次物种多样性的影响强度不同,对草本层物种多样性影响强度较大。     

井冈山国家自然保护区主要常绿阔叶林物种多样性及分布格局

以井冈山国家自然保护区为研究区,在对其常绿阔叶林踏查的基础上,选择主要常绿阔叶林红楠(Machilus thunbergii)、丝栗栲(Castanopsis fargesii)、罗浮栲(Castanopsis faberi)群落类型为研究对象,利用物种多样性、方差/均值比率、种间关联性等方法进行分析,以阐明研究区主要常绿阔叶林群落结构特征。结果表明:群落物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数分别为2.396、0.826、7.473,且都表现为乔木层>灌木层>草本层,3种指数变异系数分别为6.6%、3.6%和15.7%;优势种群林木水平分布格局4个样地呈随机分布,2个样地呈集聚分布;20个优势种群总体正关联不显著,种群种间联结较为松散,总体趋于随机性;190个种对间呈正关联的占总对数的45.79%,其中极显著、显著正关联种对分别为3对和5对,正负关联比为0.88。综合分析表明,群落处于相对稳定的阶段。     

永泰青云山风景区森林群落物种多样性研究

应用shannon.simpson多样性指数、均匀度、丰富度指数等指标分析青云山风景区国家生态公益林物种多样性。结果表明:青云山风景区群落物种多样性较高,种类组成较复杂;物种多样性虽然与群落结构、生境有关系,但人为干扰对物种多样性影响更大。     

通道万佛山丹霞地貌森林植被调查研究

采用线路调查和样地调查相结合的方法,对通道县万佛山丹霞地貌区的森林植被进行了详细的调查研究。植物种类多,本区有维管束野生植物189科602属1297种（含变种）;古老残遗性强,特有种类多,区系成分具有明显热带特征,而且密集度很高;珍稀濒危种类多,兰科植物种类多等特点。     

武夷山常绿阔叶林结构与功能的特征研究进展

围绕武夷山群落结构特征、主要生态功能以及与其他区域常绿阔叶林的比较进行研究表明:①对武夷山常绿阔叶林的群落特征调查主要集中在米槠林、甜槠林、丝栗栲林、青冈林和木荷林等5种森林群落类型,其中关于甜槠林群落结构特征的报道较多;②有关武夷山常绿阔叶林生态功能的研究主要集中在土壤特征和群落特征调查方面,在土壤特征调查方面主要研究了土壤的生化和理化性质,在群落调查方面主要回答了物种组成、多样性分析、种间联结性、生物量等问题,土壤和群落特征调查方面发表的文献占文献总数量的90%以上,而气候和水文方面的报道较少。     

亚热带常绿阔叶林结构、树种多样性和土壤特性的研究(英文)

采用样地调查法,对日本冲绳岛北部的亚热带常绿阔叶林的林分结构,树种组成以及土壤特性等进行了调查分析。结果表明,该亚热带林具有林冠低矮、小径木多等特点。林分的平均林冠高度仅10m,平均立木密度达5400株·hm2(≥3.0cmDBH),其中胸径小于10cm的立木占64%。林分胸高断面积为54.4m2·hm-2。30个调查样地共出现树种数(≥3.0cmDBH)达80种,分属31个科。根据树种的重要值,Castanopsis sieboldii和Schima wallichii分别为优势树种和亚优势树种。树种多样性指数(H’)平均达3.63,均衡度指数(J’)为0.71,丰富度指数(S’)为4.72。这些多样性指数都随着优势树种重要值的增加而显著降低。土壤养分测定结果表明,该森林的土壤肥力低,异质性大,并可能存在Al毒害。由相关分析知,林分密度和优势树高均与土壤pH值呈显著正相关关系;多样性指数则与土壤交换性K ,Ca2 以及Ca2 /Al3 比呈显著的正相关,而与土壤有机碳,全氮和磷呈显著的负相关。这些结果说明土壤性质是影响冲绳亚热带常绿阔叶林林分结构和树种组成多样性的重要因素。图3表4参38。     

Structure and species diversity of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in northern Okinawa Island, Japan

The structure and tree species diversity of a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in northern Okinawa Island, Japan, were studied. Enumeration of the six sampling plots revealed an average density of 5,580 individuals with DBH≧3.0 cm/ha, having an average basal area of 55 m². The large-size trees of DBH≧20 cm contributed 10% of the total individuals, and 49% of the total basal area. The forest showed a high diversity of tree species, which is comparable to some tropical rain forests. A total of 54 over-story species of 24 families and a total of 63 understory species of 26 families were identified in the six sampling plots. Fagaceae and Theaceae were the most important families;Castanopsis sieboldii, Schima wallichii andDistylium racemosum were the most important species. The diversity index and equitability index of species were 4.15 and 0.72 for the overstory plots, and 4.72 and 0.79 for the understory subplots, respectively. The diversity index for the overstory was significantly correlated to the total basal area of trees over 20 cm DBH (p<0.05) and the importance value ofC. sieboldii (p<0.001), while for understory, the diversity index was not correlated to the structural parameters (allp>0.16). The size distribution pattern and age structure indicated differences in regeneration strategies for canopy dominants. In population dynamics of the succession process,C. sieboldii andD. racemosum were self-maintaining types, andS. wallichii was a gap- or opening-dependent type. This study was made possible by support from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Sciences, Sports and Culture, which provided a Monbusho scholarship to X.N. Xu.     

浙江天童国家森林公园常绿阔叶林主要组成树种材积与生物量相关关系探讨

以天童国家森林公园常绿阔叶林主要组成树种为研究对象,通过测定其各组分生物量,建立了实测生物量与材积之间的回归模型,结果表明:主要组成树种各组分生物量与其材积之间存在着密切的相关关系,各主要树种材积与生物量的回归模型存在差异;回归方程精度较高,用于根据地区常绿阔叶林主要树种材积推算其生物量是可行的。     

Effects of selection cutting on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broa-leaved forest in northern Fujian, southern China

The short-term effects of selection cutting of different intensities on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest in northern Fujian Province were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that selection cutting of low and medium intensities caused little variation in the forest structure. After cutting, the dominant species retained their leading status in the community. However, the community structure changed significantly following selection cutting of high and extra-high intensities; the status of the dominant species of the community declined dramatically. Some tree species began to disappear from the sampling plots. Except for extra-high intensity cutting, the diversity of tree species did not change significantly for the other three cutting intensities. However, the evenness of the stands was very different among the four kinds of cutting plots. For low and medium intensity selection cutting, the evenness declined slightly. For extra-high intensity selection cutting, the evenness increased to some extent, which might be due to a more even distribution of tree species after cutting. Cutting operations resulted in some adverse reactions to development of arborous species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest, particularly serious damage to the forest canopy. But the rational selection cuttings, which may benefit the restoration and maintenance of species diversity over a long period and may come about from the variations in environmental factors such as sunlight, temperature and humidity.     

Effects of selection cutting on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest in northern Fujian, southern China

The short-term effects of selection cutting of different intensities on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest in northern Fujian Province were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that selection cutting of low and medium intensities caused little variation in the forest structure. After cutting, the dominant species retained their leading status in the community. However, the community structure changed significantly following selection cutting of high and extra-high intensities;the status of the dominant species of the community declined dramatically. Some tree species began to disappear from the sampling plots. Except for extra-high intensity cutting, the diversity of tree species did not change significantly for the other three cutting intensities. However, the evenness of the stands was very different among the four kinds of cutting plots. For low and medium intensity selection cutting, the evenness declined slightly. For extra-high intensity selection cutting, the evenness increased to some extent,which might be due to a more even distribution of tree species after cutting. Cutting operations resulted in some adverse reactions to development of arborous species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest, particularly serious damage to the forest canopy. But the rational selection cuttings, which may benefit the restoration and maintenance of species diversity over a long period and may come about from the variations in environmental factors such as sunlight, temperature and humidity.     

Biocycle of nitrogen in a Cyclobalanopsis glauca-dominated evergreen broad-leaved forest in East China

The nitrogen (N) cycling was elucidated in a 40-year-old subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest dominated by Cyclobalanopsis glauca growing on red soil in Zhejiang Province, East China. The concentrations of N in the representative species ranged from 0.49% to 1.64%, the order of which in various layers was liana and herb layers > understory layer > tree and subtree layers; in various organs was leaf > branch > root > trunk; and aboveground parts > underground parts. The sequence of the concentrations of N in C. glauca was understory > tree > subtree layer; young and high-growing > old organs; reproductive > vegetative organs. Seasonal dynamics of the concentrations of N in C. glauca in the tree and subtree layers was comparatively stable. It was lower in autumn (October) in root, branch, and leaf in the tree layer, and low in January in the understory. There was no evident change in regularity of the concentrations of N in varying diameter classes. The concentrations of N in the litterfall, precipitation, throughfall, litter layer, and soil were 0.74%–2.30%, 0.000,038%, 0.000,09%, 1.94%, and 0.59%, respectively. The standing crop of N in the plant community was 1,025.28 kg/hm², accumulation in the litter layer was 224.88 kg/hm², and reserve in the soil was 55,151 kg/hm². Annual retention of N was 119.47 kg/hm², return was about 84.13 kg/hm², among which litterfall was 78.49 kg/hm² and throughfall, 5.64 kg/hm². Annual absorption of N was 203.60 kg/hm². Annual input of N through incident precipitation was 4.88 kg/hm². Compared with other forest types, cycling rate of N in the community was lower than in deciduous broad-leaved forests, rain forests, and mangroves, and was moderate in evergreen broad-leaved forests. N use efficiency of this forest was moderate among the forest types cited. According to the characteristics of the biocycle of phosphorous, it was concluded that N availability in the soil of this forest was not lower, and phosphorous not N was the limiting factor in the growth of plants in this community. __________ Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005, 25(4): 740–748 [译自: 生态学报, 2005, 25(4): 740–748]     

浙江丽水太山山地常绿阔叶林主要种群生态位研究

对浙江丽水太山山地常绿阔叶林中的10个主要乔木种群生态位宽度和生态位相似性比例及生态位重叠进行了研究。结果表明:(1)研究区主要树种的生态位宽度大小顺序为:甜槠>木荷>褐叶青冈>青冈>苦槠>米槠>枫香树>石栎>虎皮楠>多花泡花树;(2)生态位相似性比例大于0.4的仅有36对,占80%,表明群落内物种对资源利用相似性程度较高;(3)生态位重叠指数大于0.4的共有38对,占84.44%,说明生态位重叠的程度很高。     

Recovery of species diversity after disturbance of broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in Changbai Mountain

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