长江青虾Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)与里下河青虾养殖效果的比较

试验采用长江青虾与里下河青虾在同等条件进行养殖，对比其养殖效果。经四个半月的养殖试验，长江青虾不仅生长速度快、规格大，而且产量高，4cm以上青虾平均体重与体长比例分别高出13.9％、22.6％。     

南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei Boone)与青虾Macrobrachium nipponensis (de Haan)轮养技术研究

南美白对虾与青虾轮养技术,是最近生产单位尝试的一种养殖模式。本文作者根据青虾和南美白对虾的生物学特征和生长特点,于2001-2002年进行南美白对虾与青虾轮养试验,取得了明显的效益,试验结果报告如下。     

池塘青虾Macrobrachium nipponensis (de Haan)与河蟹Eriocheir sinensis H.Milne-Edwards混养技术

青虾与河蟹混养技术,是我国水产界生产单位共同探讨的课题,如何提高产量?作者根据多年的实践经验,作扼要的总结,以飨读者。     

关于光山县青虾养殖情况的调查报告

近年来,光山县青虾养殖悄然兴起,闻名省内外。为了摸清养殖现状,加快青虾养殖技术在全市的推广步伐,加大水产业产业结构调整力度,四月上旬,信阳市水产局组成调查组,采取实地查看和座谈的办法,对光山县青虾养殖情况作了调查。 一、光山县青虾养殖现状及主要特点 1、青虾是光山县的一大资源优势,养殖青虾的自然条件得天独厚     

池塘主养青虾和虾蟹混养的效益对比

菱湖区淡水甲壳类养殖主要品种是青虾和河蟹,养殖模式是池塘主养青虾和虾、蟹混养两种。为了摸清菱湖区 1998年全区虾、蟹养殖情况,提高虾、蟹养殖水平,为农民增加收入提供成熟的养殖模式,于 1999年 2～ 3月进行虾、蟹养殖现状的调查,调查了新溪、千金、菱湖、下昂、和孚等重点产区养殖户 20户,池塘 122只, 513.64亩,其中池塘主养青虾面积 302亩,池塘虾、蟹混养面积 211.64亩。 　　一、池塘主养青虾和池塘虾、蟹混养调查结果对比 　　虾、蟹混养亩收益比主养青虾增收 1363.76元,增幅 66.8％。虾、蟹混养模式更具有实用性和先进…     

浙北泥鳅养殖业(Loach Farming Industry)的现状

泥鳅养殖是最近几年兴起的一门产业，受到人们的青睐。本文作者围绕泥鳅的养殖方式，经济效益及发展前景作扼要的概述。     

防止水产养殖业滑坡对策的探讨

随着农村产业结构的调整，给了水产业一个良好的发展机遇，养殖面积、养殖产量及经济效益都有了扩大和提高，然而今年以来水产养殖生产出现了许多新的制约因素，资金紧缺，成本上升等．在一些地方刚刚解决了吃鱼难的问题，卖鱼难的呼声又越来越高，水产的销路问题越来越突出，养鱼的比较效益相对下降，前几年养殖的高效益掩盖高成本的矛盾愈来愈表现出来，     

防止水产养殖业滑坡对策的探讨

随着农村产业结构的调整，水产业的发展越来越迅速．水面利用率，养殖产量及经济效益都有了提高。然而今年以来，水产养殖业呈滑坡趋势，本文重点分析丁滑坡的原因，提出了防止滑坡的措施。     

我国罗氏沼虾Macrobrachium rosenbergii(de Man)养殖现状及发展前景

罗氏沼虾Macrobrachium rosenbergii(de Man)系我国名、特、优水产品养殖的主要对象。近几年来,我国发展罗氏沼虾养殖技术正方兴未艾.作者搜集了有关资料.对我国罗氏沼虾养殖现状及其发展前景作扼要概述。     

对进一步发展水产养殖业的建议

改革与开放，为水产业大发展创造了良好的宏观经济环境，特别是养殖业获得了前所未有的发展势头，1979—1988年海淡水养殖每年平均分别以12．2％和17．8％的速度递增．1988年全国养殖业产量达到532．2万吨，首次超过了天然鱼资源捕捞产量，约占全世界水产养殖业产量的40％；     

Allozyme variation in riverine and lacustrine populations of Macrobrachium nipponense (de Haan)

Abstract. Allozyme variation at 32 protein genetic loci was studied in four populations of Macrobrachium nipponense (de Haan) from two contrasting habitats, wholly freshwater lacustrine sites and brackish water riverine areas from different parts of Asia (Hong Kong, Canton, Wuhan, Japan). The average values of observed heterozygosity were 7·45% for lacustrine and 12·30% for riverine sites, the percentage of polymorphic loci (0·99) was 32·5%. The freshwater/lacustrine populations had lower estimates of genetic variability than the river/brackish water populations. The average genetic similarity and genetic distance (Nei's) were 0·92 and 0·084 respectively. The results were compared with those of the only other study on this species. The implications of these results for this species are discussed.     

Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of Transformer‐2 Gene During Development in Macrobrachium nipponense (de Haan 1849)

The transformer‐2 gene (tra‐2) plays a key role in the sexual differentiation regulatory hierarchy. In this study, tra‐2 gene homologs designated as Mntra‐2 was cloned and characterized from Macrobrachium nipponense. The full‐length cDNA of Mntra‐2 consists of 1724 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) encoding 192 amino acids, an 827 bp 5′‐untranslated region (UTR) and a 318 bp 3′‐UTR. The predicated molecular mass of Mntra‐2 was 20.805 kDa with an estimated theoretical isoelectric point of 10.36. The deduced amino acid sequence shares high homology with Penaeus monodon. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) analyses demonstrated that the expression levels of Mntra‐2 varied significantly during different developmental stages of embryogenesis, larvae, and post‐larvae and in various adult tissues. During embryogenesis, the expression level of Mntra‐2 was slightly higher at the cleavage stage than at the blastula stage, and reached the highest level at the nauplius stage. During the larvae, the Mntra‐2 expression gradually increased from 1 d larvae post hatch (L1) to L10 and decreased to a lowest level at the end of metamorphosis. During the post‐larvae, the Mntra‐2 expression was higher level at the 5 d after the metamorphosis (P5). RT‐qPCR showed the Mntra‐2 mRNA was expressed in ovary, testis, muscle, heart, abdominal ganglion, brain, and intestine with the highest level of expression in muscle and intestine. The results indicate that Mntra‐2 is an arthropods tra‐2 homolog and probably plays important roles in embryonic development and sex differentiation of M. nipponense .     

Development and growth heterogeneity in oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan) (Palaemonidea), in onthogenesis

Abstract. At all onthogenesis stages of the Oriental river prawn. Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan), size heterogeneity has been traced within one egg clutch, at different developmental stages of larvae, young and adult individuals. The problem of predetermining heterogeneity is discussed. Uneven larval development of individuals from a single clutch is shown. Also, it is shown that the first to become adults are the individuals hatched from small eggs. Conclusion is made that in estimating development and growth heterogeneity the genetic factor has a primary nature. Available data accounting is essential for selective culturing of prawns under controlled conditions with the required growth characteristics.     

青虾主养技术的研究

青虾为名贵淡水产品,深受市场青睐,且具浅水域生活的生物学特性,在低洼或浅水池推广养殖意义尤为重大。针对本地区青虾常以套养为主（产量１５公斤／亩以下）,我们开展了青虾主养试验,现将具体试验结果报告如下。１材料与方法１１材料选择我市不同地区５个试验点：...     

Responses to salinity in larvae of a freshwater shrimp, Macrobrachium nipponense (de Haan), from Hong Kong

Abstract. Larval Macrobrachium nipponense (de Haan) were subjected to a range of salinity between 0 and 15‰. The maximum survival and metamorphosis rate to post-larvae was between 7·5 and 12·5‰, although some survival was observed even in fresh water. The implications of these findings in relation to aquaculture and the evolutionary process of this genus is briefly discussed.     

刀额新对虾Metapenaeus ensis(de Haan)和斑节对虾Penaeus monodon Fabricius苗种淡化生产试验

为进一步提高养虾产量和效益，笔者进行了刀额新对虾Metapenaeus ensis（de Haan）和斑节对虾Penaeus monodon Fabricius的苗种淡化生产技术研究，取得了一定的经济效益和社会效益，现将相关技术总结如下。     

Effect of intermittent starvation on growth and some antioxidant indexes of Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan)

The effect of different periods of starvation (0, 2, 4 and 8 days) followed by re-feeding on growth, feed utilization, oxygen consumption and some immune indexes [reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] was evaluated over an 18-day experimental period in shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan) that had an initial body weight of 0.52 g. As a result of compensatory growth, indicated by an increase in specific growth rate (SGR), feeding rate (FR) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) after re-feeding, final body weight of shrimp starved for 2 days (0.63 g) and 4 days (0.65 g) did not differ ( P >0.05) from the control group (0.64 g), with feed withholding for 8 days presenting a significant lower value (0.63 g). Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) decreased during the starvation period in all groups, followed by a gradual increase to a similar ( P >0.05) value than found in the control group (0.47 mg kg⁻¹ h⁻¹) at the end of the experiment. Although ROIs and the activity of SOD and CAT fluctuated during starvation in the feed-deprived groups, values at the termination of the experiment were comparable ( P >0.05) to those found for the control group.