共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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反刍动物瘤胃和粪便中产生的甲烷是造成大气温室效应的主要气体之一。但是,粪便中甲烷排放持续期很长,排放数量难以检测,故受到研究者的忽视。作者介绍了反刍动物粪便中甲烷排放量的测定技术,探讨了其排放量的影响因素,指出有必要同时研究瘤胃和粪便中甲烷生成的调控措施。 相似文献
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根据OECD(1991)和IPCC提供的反刍动物甲烷排放量的计算方法,结合中国反刍动物的能量供应特点,初步估算2000年广东省反刍动物的甲烷排放量为215.10 Gg,占全国反刍动物甲烷排放总量的4.3%左右,反刍动物摄入总能的6.9%~7.5%通过甲烷排放损失掉.文中对估算结果做了分析,并结合广东省反刍动物生产的发展趋势提出了建议. 相似文献
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反刍动物排放甲烷既会造成环境污染,又会造成饲料能量浪费,因此探究反刍动物甲烷减排措施至关重要。瘤胃存在复杂的微生物发酵系统,反刍动物的甲烷生成与瘤胃微生物区系关系密切。本文对瘤胃甲烷生成的机理和调控途径进行了综述,并着重阐述了主要耗氢化合物及耗氢微生物的研究进展,为通过添加耗氢化合物调节瘤胃微生物,实现反刍动物甲烷减排与改善瘤胃发酵提供技术依据。 相似文献
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广东省反刍动物甲烷排放量的估算 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据OECD(1991)和IPCC提供的反刍动物甲烷排放量的计算方法,结合中国反刍动物的能量供应特点,初步估算2000年广东省反刍动物的甲烷排放量为215.10Gg,占全国反刍动物甲烷排放总量的4.3%左右,反刍动物摄入总能的6.99/5~7.5%通过甲烷排放损失掉。文中对估算结果做了分析,并结合广东省反刍动物生产的发展趋势提出了建议。 相似文献
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反刍动物甲烷的排放既造成饲料能量的浪费,也会加剧全球变暖作用。在反刍动物瘤胃中,产甲烷菌主要利用二氧化碳转化产生甲烷。产甲烷菌转化二氧化碳的最后一步反应需要甲基辅酶M还原酶参与,3-硝基酯-1-丙醇(3-nitrooxypropanol,3-NOP)是一种甲基辅酶M类似物,能与辅酶B结合,从而减少甲基辅酶M与辅酶B结合生成甲烷,因此3-NOP能有效地降低瘤胃甲烷的产生。本文旨在阐明3-NOP抑制反刍动物瘤胃甲烷产生的机制以及对反刍动物生产的影响。 相似文献
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M. G. G. Chagunda D. Ross J. Rooke T. Yan J.-L. Douglas L. Poret 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(2):68-75
Abstract This study investigated the effectiveness of the proprietary laser methane detector (LMD) in enteric methane monitoring from individual dairy cows and sheep. Three experiments were carried out. First, the relationship between LMD and indirect open-circuit respiration calorimetric chamber measurements was tested. Sensitivity and specificity for cows were 95.4% and 96.5%. For sheep, sensitivity was 93.8% and specificity was 78.7%. Second, the effect of cow's activity on enteric methane emissions was investigated. During drinking and feeding, cows produced significantly more (p<0.001) methane emissions than when idle. Third, effect of different micrometeorological factors on LMD measurements under outdoor grazing conditions was investigated. Wind speed, relative humidity, pressure and wind direction relative to methane point-source had significant effect on methane measurements (p<0.001) under outdoor conditions. With further validation, the LMD has potential to provide reliable estimates from ruminants and hence provide a useful technique for on-farm monitoring and decision support for greenhouse gas mitigation strategies. 相似文献
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单宁对反刍动物促营养作用的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
长期以来,单宁一直被认为是饲料中的抗营养因子.近年来的研究表明,饲粮中含有适量的单宁对于反刍动物的生产性能及环境保护具有一定的积极作用,如降低蛋白质的瘤胃降解率、提高氮的利用率、抑制甲烷的排放、提高肉及乳的品质等.本文就单宁对反刍动物促营养作用的研究进展做一综述. 相似文献
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Chiaki Narabe Saki Kamiyama Mizuki Saito Phoompong Boonsaen Anchalee Khongpradit Suriya Sawanon Yutaka Suzuki Satoshi Koike Yasuo Kobayashi 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13614
The methane-mitigating potency of cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL) was evaluated by investigating gas production from batch cultures using feces from Thai native ruminants that had been incubated for different periods. Feces was obtained from four Thai native cattle and four swamp buffaloes reared under practical feeding conditions at the Kasetsart University farm, Thailand. Fecal slurry from the same farm was also included in the analysis. CNSL addition successfully suppressed the methane production potential of feces from both ruminants by shifting short chain fatty acid profiles towards propionate production. Methane mitigation continued for almost 150 days, although the degree of mitigation was more apparent from Day 0 to Day 30. Bacterial and archaeal community shifts with CNSL addition were observed in feces from both ruminants; specifically, Bacteroides increased, whereas Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae decreased in feces to which CNSL was added. Fecal slurry did not show marked changes in gas production with CNSL addition. The findings showed that the addition of CNSL to the feces of ruminants native to the Southeast Asian region can suppress methane emission. Because CNSL can be easily obtained as a byproduct of the local cashew industry in this region, its on-site application might be ideal. 相似文献
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在反刍动物瘤胃中产甲烷菌生成甲烷既造成能量的浪费又产生大量温室气体,因此减少瘤胃甲烷生成与排放是提升生产效率与维持可持续发展的要求。瘤胃内的产甲烷菌通过共生、黏附和伴生模式,分别从原虫、细菌和真菌中摄取氢,保证氢营养型甲烷生成途径的顺利进行。抑杀原虫和产氢细菌、竞争性结合氢和阻断氢生成甲烷是基于氢调控抑制甲烷生成的途径。由于瘤胃微生物的冗余和互作,降甲烷的同时,瘤胃中饲料消化可能受到抑制,且单一的氢调控往往会诱发瘤胃的适应,瘤胃的降甲烷效果仅能短时间维持。为此,需从瘤胃微生物整体出发,通过多种氢调控机制的添加剂联用及间歇饲喂、幼龄反刍动物瘤胃早期调控、甲烷生成途径关键酶调控等的综合应用,实现更优的甲烷减排。 相似文献
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Ndao Séga Moulin Charles-Henri Traoré El Hadji Diop Mamadou Bocquier François 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(4):919-928
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Given the projected growth of methane emission by ruminants in developing countries, there is a clear need for reliable estimates of their contribution to... 相似文献