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1.
Robert H. Mealey G. Kent Carter AIlen J. Roussel Walter W. Ruoff 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1995,9(5):347-352
Two different fluid solutions were infused through percutaneous cecal catheters in 6 healthy ponies to determine the effects on body weight; CBC; packed cell volume (PCV); total plasma protein concentration; plasma fibrinogen concentration; abdominal fluid analysis; concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, Ca, total CO2 (TCO2 ), Na, CI, K, and P; and fractional clearance (FC) of Na, CI, K, and P. During intracecal administration of solution 1, FCNa and FCCI were significantly increased, whereas FCK and BUN were significantly decreased. During administration of solution 2, FCNa and serum P were significantly increased, while PCV was significantly decreased. All ponies developed peritonitis during the study. Complications included catheter-related problems, diarrhea, laminitis, and hypocalcemia. We concluded that hydration and electrolyte balance could be maintained by administration of crystalloid solutions intracecally, but that complications were associated with the procedure. 相似文献
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A.E. Wanger DVM MS W.W. Muir III DVM Phd R.M. Bednaraki DVM MS 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》1991,1(1):14-18
The purpose of this study was to determine whether lingual vanous blood gas samples reflect arterial acid-base gas status in anethetized dogs. Heparinized blood samples were drawn simultaneously from the lingual vein and a peripheral artery in 50 anestheized dogs that were clinical surgical patients, as well as from four experimental dogs in which hemorrahaic shock was being studied. Blood pH, oxygen tension (PO2 ), and bicarbonate (HCO3- )) from the two sources in clinical patients showed significant liner correlation, although arterial PO2 )(PaO2 )) tended to be approximately 110mm Hg higher than lingual venous PO2 ). During hemorrahgic shock, however, PaO2 ) and PaCO2 ) were significantly different from lingual venous PO2 ) and PCO2 ), Lingula venous blood gas analysis may be useful in assessing acid-base and blood gas status in routline cases, but should not be relied upon in dogs with low cardiac output or poor perfusion. 相似文献
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Introduction: We evaluated the totally implantable subcutaneous vascular access port (VAP) in 16 cancer patients undergoing intermittent chemotherapy for more than 30 months.
Methods: Ports were surgically placed (The CompanionPort, Norfolk Vet Products, Skokie, Illinois 60076) in the jugular vein of 12 dogs and 4 cats between 1/2002 and 7/2004. Body weight determined polyurethane catheter size (4, 5, 7 fr.). The polysulfone port, surrounded by titanium, was anchored to subcutaneous tissue in the dorsolateral neck and confirmed with C‐arm fluoroscopy. All blood samples were obtained via VAP. Nine anticancer agents, other medications, crystalloids/colloids, and whole blood were administered. Ports were flushed every 4–5 weeks with heparinized saline solution (100 IU/ml). Removed catheters were submitted for bacteriology.
Results: Seven of 16 animals are still alive. VAP were used for 1.5 to more than 30 months with 4–60 injections/port. Catheter tips were visualized from the left atrium distally into the caudal vena cava. Adverse events included post‐operative subcutaneous bruising and/or hematoma (4/16), difficult aspiration (4/16), catheter malposition (1/16), positional flushing (1/16), and occlusion requiring replacement (1/16). No thrombus formation or extravasation was evident. Bacterial colonization without signs of septicemia was observed in 3/4 catheters.
Conclusions: VAP are an effective way of achieving long‐term venous access in the dog and cat. Complications are typically minor and infrequent. 相似文献
Methods: Ports were surgically placed (The CompanionPort, Norfolk Vet Products, Skokie, Illinois 60076) in the jugular vein of 12 dogs and 4 cats between 1/2002 and 7/2004. Body weight determined polyurethane catheter size (4, 5, 7 fr.). The polysulfone port, surrounded by titanium, was anchored to subcutaneous tissue in the dorsolateral neck and confirmed with C‐arm fluoroscopy. All blood samples were obtained via VAP. Nine anticancer agents, other medications, crystalloids/colloids, and whole blood were administered. Ports were flushed every 4–5 weeks with heparinized saline solution (100 IU/ml). Removed catheters were submitted for bacteriology.
Results: Seven of 16 animals are still alive. VAP were used for 1.5 to more than 30 months with 4–60 injections/port. Catheter tips were visualized from the left atrium distally into the caudal vena cava. Adverse events included post‐operative subcutaneous bruising and/or hematoma (4/16), difficult aspiration (4/16), catheter malposition (1/16), positional flushing (1/16), and occlusion requiring replacement (1/16). No thrombus formation or extravasation was evident. Bacterial colonization without signs of septicemia was observed in 3/4 catheters.
Conclusions: VAP are an effective way of achieving long‐term venous access in the dog and cat. Complications are typically minor and infrequent. 相似文献
4.
Central Nervous System Infection Associated With Anaerobic Bacteria in Two Dogs and Two Cats 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Steven W. Dow DVM MS Richard A. LeCouteur BVSc PhD Rosemary A. Henik DVM MS Robert L. Jones DVM PhD Mary L. Poss MS DVM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1988,2(4):171-176
Central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by anaerobic bacteria (including Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Eubacterium) was diagnosed in two dogs and two cats. In one dog there was extensive meningomyeloencephalitis, presumably the result of hematogenous spread of bacteria from lung abscesses and bacterial endocarditis. Subdural empyema of unknown origin was found in a second dog and two cats. Clinical signs in all four animals included mental depression and focal neurologic deficits, without fever. 相似文献
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S. Klainbart E. Kelmer B. Vidmayer T. Bdolah‐Abram G. Segev I. Aroch 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(5):1513-1519
Background
Acute limb paralysis because of arterial thromboembolism (ATE) occurs in cats and less commonly in dogs. ATE is diagnosed based on physical examination findings and, occasionally, advanced imaging.Hypothesis/Objectives
Peripheral, affected limb venous glucose concentration is decreased in ATE, whereas its systemic concentration is within or above reference interval.Animals
Client‐owned cats and dogs were divided into 3 respective groups: acute limb paralysis because of ATE (22 cats and 9 dogs); acute limb paralysis secondary to orthopedic or neurologic conditions (nonambulatory controls; 10 cats and 11 dogs); ambulatory animals presented because of various diseases (ambulatory controls; 10 cats and 9 dogs).Methods
Prospective observational, clinical study. Systemic and local (affected limb) blood glucose concentrations were measured. Their absolute and relative differences (ΔGlu and %ΔGlu, respectively) were compared among groups.Results
ΔGlu and %ΔGlu were significantly higher in the ATE cats and dogs groups, compared to both of their respective controls (P < .0001 and P < .001, respectively). No significant differences were observed between the control groups. Receiver operator characteristics analysis of ΔGlu and %ΔGlu as predictors of ATE had area under the curve of 0.96 and 0.99 in cats, respectively, and 1.00 and 1.00, in dogs, respectively. ΔGlu cutoffs of 30 mg/dL and 16 mg/dL, in cats and dogs, respectively, corresponded to sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 90% in cats, respectively, and 100% in dogs.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
ΔGlu and %ΔGlu are accurate, readily available, diagnostic markers of acute ATE in paralyzed cats and dogs. 相似文献6.
GILLES DUPRÉ DVM Diplomate ECVS VALENTINA FIORBIANCO DVM MONIKA SKALICKY DTPH NILGÜN GÜLTIKEN DVM SERHAN SERHAT AY DVM MURAT FINDIK DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(7):818-824
Objective: To compare surgical times and perioperative complication rates of single portal access and 2-portal laparoscopic ovariectomy (LapOVE) in dogs using a bipolar vessel sealer/divider device, and to evaluate the performance of novice laparoscopists for right ovariectomy.
Study Design: Controlled clinical trial.
Animals: Female dogs (n=42).
Methods: Dogs were divided into groups: 1=single portal and 2=2 portal. LapOVE was performed using a 5 mm vessel sealer/divider device and a 10 mm operating laparoscope (Group 1) or a 5 mm laparoscope (Group 2). Dog characteristics (weight, body condition score, ovarian ligament fat score), operative time, and perioperative complication rate were compared between groups. Right ovariectomy duration was evaluated for 2 novice laparoscopists.
Results: No significant difference was found in mean total surgical time between group 1 (21.07 min/s) and group 2 (19.06 min/s). Factors significantly affecting times included body condition scores, ovarian ligament fat score, ovarian bleeding, and surgeon expertize. Minor complications (bleeding from ovaries or after splenic trauma) occurred and were similar in both groups. Bleeding was correlated to body condition score and ovarian ligament fat score. Interindividual differences were found among surgeons for right ovariectomy time.
Conclusions: Single portal access LapOVE using vessel sealer/divider device is feasible, safe, and does not significantly increase total surgical time in comparison with 2-portal approach. Laparoscopic skills may play a role in ability to perform single portal LapOVE.
Clinical Relevance: LapOVE can be performed using single portal access. 相似文献
Study Design: Controlled clinical trial.
Animals: Female dogs (n=42).
Methods: Dogs were divided into groups: 1=single portal and 2=2 portal. LapOVE was performed using a 5 mm vessel sealer/divider device and a 10 mm operating laparoscope (Group 1) or a 5 mm laparoscope (Group 2). Dog characteristics (weight, body condition score, ovarian ligament fat score), operative time, and perioperative complication rate were compared between groups. Right ovariectomy duration was evaluated for 2 novice laparoscopists.
Results: No significant difference was found in mean total surgical time between group 1 (21.07 min/s) and group 2 (19.06 min/s). Factors significantly affecting times included body condition scores, ovarian ligament fat score, ovarian bleeding, and surgeon expertize. Minor complications (bleeding from ovaries or after splenic trauma) occurred and were similar in both groups. Bleeding was correlated to body condition score and ovarian ligament fat score. Interindividual differences were found among surgeons for right ovariectomy time.
Conclusions: Single portal access LapOVE using vessel sealer/divider device is feasible, safe, and does not significantly increase total surgical time in comparison with 2-portal approach. Laparoscopic skills may play a role in ability to perform single portal LapOVE.
Clinical Relevance: LapOVE can be performed using single portal access. 相似文献
7.
Prospective,Randomized Comparison of the Effect of Two Antimicrobial Regimes on Surgical Site Infection Rate in Dogs Undergoing Orthopedic Implant Surgery
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Miranda J. Aiken VetMB MA CertSAS Ralph H. Abercromby BVMS CertSAO Mark A. Holmes VetMB MA PhD Angus A. Anderson BVetMed PhD DSAS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(5):661-667
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RON MCLAUGHLIN JR DVM DVSC Diplomate ACVS JAMES K. ROUSH DVM MS Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1995,24(3):207-214
Two scapulohumeral arthrotomy techniques were evaluated and compared in 10 normal, young adult greyhounds. A caudolateral approach with craniodorsal retraction of the teres minor muscle (no-tenotomy) and a craniolateral approach with tenotomy of the infraspinatus tendon were each performed unilaterally in 5 dogs. The dogs were evaluated using force plate gait analysis, lameness evaluation, radiography, and goniometry for 5 weeks and then euthanatized. Tenotomy sites and sections of the humeral articular cartilage were collected from shoulder joints that had been operated on and examined microscopically. The same surgical approach was then performed on the contralateral shoulder in the cadavers and exposure of the humeral articular cartilage was measured using planimetry. Peak vertical force applied to the operated limbs in the tenotomy group was significantly less than preoperative levels on day 3 and significantly less than the no-tenotomy group on days 21 and 28. The peak vertical force applied to the operated limbs in the no-tenotomy group was not significantly different from preoperative levels during the study. Scapulohumeral arthrotomy by tenotomy of the infraspinatus resulted in decreased range-of-motion and joint extension compared with joints operated on without tenotomies, but provided significantly greater exposure to the articular surface. Scapulohumeral arthrotomy with craniodorsal retraction of the teres minor muscle did not significantly alter goniometric measurements compared with unoperated joints. Both techniques resulted in similar subjective lameness scores and caused no gross microscopic or radiographic evidence of articular cartilage damage. 相似文献
10.
R. J. Hardie DVM Diplomate ACVS J. E. A. Bertram PhD R. J. Todhunter BVSc MS PhD Diplomate ACVS E. J. Trotter DVM MS Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1999,28(3):148-153
OBJECTIVE: To compare the failure properties of a 5-hole, 2.7-mm curved acetabular plate (AP) to a 5-hole, 3.5-mm reconstruction plate (RP) when applied to acetabular osteotomies. STUDY DESIGN: Cadaver study. ANIMALS OR SAMPLE POPULATION: Pelves of 8 mature, large-breed dogs. METHODS: A 5-hole, 2.7-mm AP and a 5-hole, 3.5-mm RP were contoured and applied to the dorsal acetabulum of each pelvis. A central acetabular fracture was simulated after plate application by a transverse osteotomy with a fine saw. Each acetabulum was loaded in a weight-bearing direction. A load-deformation curve was produced for each construct, and biomechanical properties of the AP and RP were compared with the Student's paired t-test. A P value of < .05 was considered significant. RESULTS: For the AP and RP composite respectively, the mean +/- SD maximum load to failure was 2,721 +/- 632 N and 2,488 +/- 800 N, the stiffness was 4.8 +/- 1.8 N/m and 5.3 +/- 1.9 N/m, and the energy absorbed was 15.1 +/- 5.2 Nm and 16.3 +/- 8.3 Nm. None of these differences was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Both fixation techniques provided comparable strength, stiffness, and energy absorbed under the loading conditions of this study. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Because of the relative ease of application, the 2.7-mm curved AP may be the practical choice for acetabular fracture repair in large dogs. 相似文献
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CAROL A. CARBERRY dvm diplomate acvs JAMES A. FLANDERS dvm diplomate acvs 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(3):225-228
Cecal-colic volvulus was confirmed by surgery in two dogs. Both dogs were intact, male Great Danes. The clinical and diagnostic findings were not specific for large bowel volvulus. Clinical signs included peracute to acute onset of vomiting, mild abdominal distention and pain, lack of feces, and tenesmus. Abdominal radiographs demonstrated severe dilatation of bowel loops in both dogs. One dog survived. 相似文献
13.
J. A. Barsanti DVM MS E. B. Shotts PhD W. A. Crowell DVM PhD D. R. Finco DVM PhD J. Brown DVM PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1992,6(2):64-70
Indwelling urinary catheters with a closed urine collection system were maintained in 30 male cats for 3 days after induction of irritant cystitis. All cats received subcutaneous fluids during the 3 days the catheters were in place. The effects of four different treatment regimens on urinary tract infection rates, incidence of urethral obstruction, and development of urinary tract lesions over a 10-day period were compared with results in a nontreated group. Treatments were 1) amoxicillin for 5 days PO; 2) prednisolone for 5 days PO; 3) both amoxicillin and prednisolone for 5 days PO; and 4) dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 days intravesicularly. Euthanasia was done before the end of the 10-day experimental period if the cats had two bouts of urethral obstruction or if the cats became uremic for causes unrelated to urethral obstruction. Seven cats were euthanatized before the conclusion of the experiment. These cats had been treated with prednisolone, prednisolone and amoxicillin, or DMSO. All cats that received amoxicillin alone or no therapy survived the 10-day period. Mortality was due to repeated urethral obstruction or to uremia associated with pyelonephritis or papillitis. Urinary tract infection rate was similar in all groups. The group treated with prednisolone alone had the highest incidence of renal infection. Inflammatory lesions in the lower urinary tract were similar in all groups. In conclusion, persistent urinary tract infection often develops in cats with cystitis after indwelling urethral catheterization even when closed systems of urine drainage are used.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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JOSEPH HARARI MS dvm dipiomate acvs THOMAS E. BESSER dvm phd diplomate acvm SCOTT B. GUSTAFSON dvm ms dipiomate acvs KATRINA MEINKOTH dvm 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(1):27-30
Bacteria in blood cultures in 30 dogs undergoing high-speed dental scaling and tooth extraction were examined. One or more positive blood cultures were identified in 9 of 30 (30%) dogs. Pasteurella spp. were most frequently (5 dogs) isolated and were sensitive to ampicillin, penicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, and sul-famethoxazole with trimethoprim. Twg groups of 15 dogs each, anesthetized or sedated but not undergoing dental procedures, served as non-dentistry controls. There were no significant (p < .05) differences between the number of positive cultures in dentistry and non-dentistry groups. In healthy dogs undergoing high-speed dental scaling and tooth extraction, the occurrence of bacteria in blood cultures was much lower than previously reported. The clinical significance of positive blood cultures was uncertain. 相似文献
17.
DOMINIC J. MARINO DVM DAVID T. MATTHIESEN DVM Diplomate ACVS PHILLIP R. FOX Diplomate ACVIM MICHAEL B. LESSER DVM Diplomate ACVIM MARK E. STAMOULIS dvm Diplomate acvim 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(2):101-106
Fifty dogs undergoing splenectomy for splenic masses (n = 40), torsion of the splenic pedicle (n = 5), and immune-mediated disease (n = 5) were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively for ventricular arrhythmias and the relationship between ventricular arrythmia and splenic disease. The ability of 1 -minute electrocardiograms recorded every 6 hours (ECGs/q6hr) to detect ventricular arrythmia was compared with continuous 48-hour Holter monitoring. Based on continuous Holter monitoring, splenectomized dogs had a high incidence (22 of 50) of rapid ventricular tachycardia. The incidence of rapid ventricular tachycardia was significantly higher in dogs with ruptured splenic masses (16 of 23) than without rupture (1 of 17) ( P < .001). When the results of ECG/q6hr were compared with the results of continuous Holter monitoring, ECG/q6hr was normal in 29% (4 of 14) of dogs with rapid ventricular tachycardia at > 3,000 ventricular extrasystoles (VE)/hr; 50% (4 of 8) of dogs with rapid ventricular tachycardia at 1,000 to 3,000 VE/hr and 100% (6 of 6) of dogs with 10 to 300 VE/hr without rapid ventricular tachycardia. Although dogs undergoing splenectomy had a high incidence of ventricular arrythmias, one-minute ECGs/q6h were unreliable for detection of ventricular arrythmias even when high-frequency extrasystoles occurred. 相似文献
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Survey of Intraoperative Bacterial Contamination in Dogs Undergoing Elective Orthopedic Surgery
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Natalia Andrade Chad W. Schmiedt Karen Cornell MaryAnn G. Radlinsky Lauren Heidingsfelder Kevin Clarke David J. Hurley Whitney D. Hinson 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2016,45(2):214-222
Objective
To investigate the frequency, source, and risk factors of intraoperative (IO) surgeon and patient bacterial contamination during clean orthopedic surgeries, and to investigate the relationship between IO contamination and surgical site infection (SSI) in dogs.Study Design
Prospective clinical study.Sample Population
Client‐owned dogs undergoing stifle surgery (n = 100).Methods
IO cultures were taken in each case from surgical foot wrap, peri‐incisional skin, surgical gloves, and the surgical team's hands. The environment (operating room [OR] lights, computers, scrub sink faucet, anesthesia gurney, and radiology table) was sampled every 5 months. Bacteria were identified and the contamination of each case was categorized. All gloves from the surgical team were collected and tested for perforations using a water infusion test. Cases were followed for at least 8 weeks to determine the presence or absence of SSI. Perioperative variables were evaluated for association with IO contamination and SSI.Results
Bacterial isolates were yielded from 81% of procedures from 1 or more sources; 58% had positive hand cultures, 46% had positive glove cultures, 23% had positive patient skin cultures, and 12% had positive foot wrap cultures. Staphylococcus spp. was the most commonly recovered bacteria. There was no apparent association between IO contamination and SSI. The highest level of environmental contamination was associated with the scrub sink faucet, followed by the radiology table, anesthesia gurney, and OR computers. The IO glove perforation rate was 18%.Conclusion
Clean orthopedic procedures commonly had clinically insignificant bacterial contamination. In our study, bacteria responsible for SSI did not appear to colonize the patient in the OR. 相似文献20.
Comparison of Single,Averaged, and Pooled Urine Protein:Creatinine Ratios in Proteinuric Dogs Undergoing Medical Treatment
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S. Shropshire J. Quimby R. Cerda 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):288-294