三七热风干燥试验分析

三七是我国名贵的中药材。干燥作为保证三七品质的重要措施,其干燥是一个伴随着三七本身物质化学变化的传热传质过程。本文通过进行三七热风恒温和分阶段干燥试验,观察三七外观和质量的变化情况,分析参数变化对三七外观和质量的影响,并根据各干燥测定结果,确定三七热风干燥方法最佳参数组合,提出热风干燥的优化方案。     

太阳能干燥装置性能及三七干燥效果

为提高三七干燥效率和干燥品质,该文提出了一种由单层盖板V型波纹槽吸热面双通道的空气集热器和绝热干燥箱及通风装置组成的太阳能三七干燥设备,研究了该太阳能干燥设备的集热性能,并在昆明的气候条件下对三七进行了太阳能干燥试验,且与传统的自然干燥作了比较。试验结果表明,所设计的空气集热器在空气流量为0.0597 kg/s时,冬季晴天条件下最高温度和最高效率分别达到62.2℃ 和76.7%,平均温度和热效率分别为54.6℃和66.5%,在多云的天气下平均热效率和平均温度可分别达53.9%和47.5℃;干燥箱采用上进风     

粮食干燥机械化技术规范

粮食干燥机械化技术是粮食生产机械技术的一个重要组成部分,也是当前一个薄弱环节.在对江汉平原粮食干燥机械的现状进行调研后,我们总结制定了如下的粮食干燥机械化技术规范,供大家参考.     

谷物机械化干燥技术研究分析

刚收获的谷物含水率较高,必须将含水率降低至安全标准,才能进行贮藏;否则,会产生霉变甚至发芽,从而带来经济损失。文章介绍了谷物烘干办法及谷物机械化干燥技术原理,并对低温循环干燥机械进行了研究分析。     

日本稻谷干燥机械化发展研究

日本稻谷干燥机械化程度已达到95%以上.在日本,水稻收割后实施产地及时烘干贮藏,大米品质好,米价高出我国10倍.我国稻谷干燥机械化程度低,干燥机械普及率低,直接影响稻谷生产效益和在国际市场的竞争力.借鉴日本成功的稻谷干燥机械化发展经验,推广和普及稻谷干燥设备,是我国农业生产中亟待解决的问题.     

粮食干燥机械推广的必要性探讨

粮食干燥机械化是以机械为主要手段，在不损害粮食品质的前提下，采取一定的工艺和技术，人为地控制温度、湿度等因素，降低粮食中的含水量，使其达到国家安全贮存标准的干燥技术。它的推广和应用将对农业和农村经济的可持续发展产生深远的影响，具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。当前湖北省谷城和浠水两地已进行了示范性的推广工作，效果明显，尤其是对一些丘陵地区的经济作物，粮食干燥机起到了很好的作用。     

张家港谷物干燥机械的发展现状

谷物特别是稻、麦收割后应立即用干燥机械进行干燥,这是因为稻谷的品质直接影响到加工后大米的质量,如整米率、食味值等评价指标.为提升粮食的档次,提高人们的生活水平,使人们能吃到食味值高的粮食,有必要早日实现谷物干燥机械化.     

粮食干燥机械化技术规范

粮食干燥机械化技术是粮食生产机械化技术的一个重要组成部分,也是当前的一个薄弱环节。在对江汉平原粮食干燥机械的现状进行调研后,我们总结制定了如下的粮食干燥机械化技术规范,供参考。 一、总体要求 1.粮食干燥机械化技术必须根据本地粮食品种、气候特点,因地制宜地选择先进适用的技术。     

盘锦稻作区推广稻谷干燥机械化可行性研究

在盘锦稻作区推广稻谷干燥机械化技术是个新课题。水稻生产的机械化,除育苗和插秧等种植环节外,还应包括谷物干燥机械化这最后的一"化",才能称之为"全程机械化"。本文就这一新课题进行可行性研究,以飨业界参考。     

湖州市粮食干燥机械化发展方向浅析

湖州市于1996年开始实施农业部“粮食干燥机试点项目”,在农业部农机鉴定总站和省农机局的直接领导下,对三久NEW PRO-60粮食干燥机进行了性能测试和生产性试验,并在此基础上逐步开展粮食干燥机的推广应用工作。四年来,共推广各种粮食干燥机12台套,干燥机总容量为130t,累计干燥粮食2.16万t,粮食干燥机的社会效益、经济效益逐步呈现。 1.发展粮食干燥机械化的意义     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。