D-异抗坏血酸钠对茄子鲜切切片的保鲜效果研究

[目的]研究不同浓度的D-异抗坏血酸钠对茄子鲜切切片的保鲜效果。[方法]以茄子鲜切切片为材料,研究0、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%浓度的D-异抗坏血酸钠溶液对茄子切片的保鲜效果的影响。[结果]1.0%D-异抗坏血酸钠溶液处理效果较好,能够有效降低茄子切片褐化度、PPO活性和MDA含量,促进POD酶活性。[结论]该研究筛选出了茄子切片最佳保鲜浓度,为茄子鲜切保鲜提供了理论依据。     

Effect of ozone and potassium lactate on lipid oxidation and survival of Salmonella typhimurium on fresh pork

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of ozone gas and potassium lactate on lipid oxidation and survival of Salmonella typhimurium on fresh pork. A total of 144 samples of fresh pork samples were cut into pieces approximately (8x5x0.6) cm in size, then (0, 2 and 4%) potassium lactate (KL), inoculated with S. typhimurium was applied by spreading a 0.5 mL cell suspension over each sample. The pork samples were then packed in (6"x8") airtight polyethylene bags with a thickness of 87.5 microm and a volume of 3.5 L with and without ozone. Ozone gas was injected into the plastic bags at a rate of 0, 200, 500 and 1,000 mg h(-1) and the samples later stored at 8 degrees C. Thio-barbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) and microbial loads were determined on days 0, 5, 10 and 15. Data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software and differences among means detected at the 0.5% confident level using the Scheffe's test. Samples treated with 2 and 4% KL had significantly (p<0.01) lower TBARS value than non-treated samples. Combination of ozone and KL showed inhibitory effects on S. typhimurium in samples. S. typhimurium was sensitive to 4% KL with and without ozone. At 1,000 mg h(-1), ozone improved KL inhibitory effect on S. typhimurium. Ozone and KL are potential substances for inhibition of S. typhimurium.     

Free radical scavenging activity of selected medicinal plants of Eastern Botswana

Water and methanol extracts from roots of Ozoroa paniculosa (Anarcardiaceae); seeds of Colophospermum mopane (Caesalpiniaceae) and Cucumis metuliferus (Cucurbitaceae) ripe fruits were assessed for in vitro antioxidant activity. Free radical scavenging activity was measured spectrophotometrically as maximum fading power of DPPH at 525 nm. Water and methanol extracts of Ozoroa paniculosa exhibited higher scavenging potency than extracts of either Colophospermum mopane or Cucumis metuliferus at all tested concentrations. None of the extracts from Cucumis metuliferus exhibited any recognizable free radical scavenging activity. Above 50 microg mL(-1) both water and methanol extracts of Ozoroa paniculosa exhibited 91% scavenging activity similar to the control compounds L-ascorbic acid (91%) and (-) epicatechin (92%). Between 50-100 microg mL(-1), water and methanol extracts of Colophospermum mopane exhibited scavenging potency of < or = 70%. However, above 100 microg mL(-1), both water and methanolic extracts of C. mopane exhibited scavenging activity > 70%. Chloroform extracts of all the tested plants showed poor scavenging activity (< 30%). The order of scavenging potency for the tested samples was as follows: L-ascorbic acid > or = epicatechin > O. paniculosa (methanolic extract) > O. paniculosa (water extract) > O. paniculosa (ethylacetate extract) > C. mopane (methanolic extract) > C. mopane (water extract) > all extracts of C. metuliferus. These findings lend credence to the use of these plants as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents in folk medicine.     

Changes in peroxidase and phenols activity in apple fruit inoculated with antagonistic Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates and Botrytis mali

The biocontrol activity of three isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens against gray mold of apple fruit caused by Botrytis mali and their ability to induce biochemical defense response in apple tissue were investigated. Apple fruit (Malus domestica) wounds were inoculated with 20 microL bacterial suspension (10(8) CFU mL(-1)) of Pseudomonas fluorescens followed 24 h later by 20 microL of conidial suspension of B. mali (10(5) conidia mL(-1)). The apples were then incubated at 20 degrees C for 11 days. Lesion diameters were evaluated 6 and 10 days after pathogen inoculation. In addition to controlling gray mold, these three isolates of P. fluorescens caused increase in peroxidase activities that reached maximum levels 2-6 days after pathogen inoculation. Phenolic accumulation was increased in apple fruit treated with antagonists and inoculated with B. mali and exhibited the highest level 6-8 days after treatment. The ability of P. fluorescens to increase activities of peroxidase and levels of phenol compounds maybe one of mechanism responsible its biocontrol activity.     

苯甲酸与赤霉素对中国水仙切花保鲜效果的影响

本研究以中国水仙‘金盏银台’切花为材料,在基础瓶插液（1%蔗糖）中分别添加不同浓度苯甲酸与赤霉素,通过观测切花的瓶插寿命筛选适宜的保鲜剂配方;同时测定了这一过程中切花的鲜重变化,丙二醛（malondialdehyde, MDA）、游离脯氨酸（proline, PRO）和可溶性蛋白质的含量,超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase, SOD）、过氧化物酶（peroxidase, POD）和过氧化氢酶（catalase, CAT）活性,分析保鲜剂发挥作用的生理生化基础。结果表明,1%蔗糖溶液添加200 mg/L苯甲酸的复合瓶插液可延长中国水仙切花瓶插寿命1.6 d;瓶插期间MDA含量呈上升趋势;瓶插过程中SOD和CAT活性、可溶性蛋白含量等高于同期对照组。1%蔗糖溶液添加200 mg/L赤霉素可延长切花瓶插寿命2.5 d;瓶插过程中SOD和POD活性、可溶性蛋白含量等高于同期对照组;但PRO含量在第15天较对照下降了40%。综合来看,1%蔗糖溶液添加200 mg/L赤霉素对中国水仙切花的保鲜效果最好。     

鲜湿米粉品质及其影响因素

米粉种类丰富,口感爽滑,质地柔韧,既可作为主食,又能当作早餐,深受广大消费者喜爱。因此,科学评价米粉品质、探究米粉品质影响因素始终受到研究者和企业的密切关注。本文综述了鲜湿米粉的分类与评价方法,从稻米品质、浸泡处理方式、磨粉工艺、辅料与食品添加剂、贮存保鲜方式等五个方面探讨了影响米粉品质的因素。目前,按成型工艺将鲜湿米粉分为切粉和榨粉。高直链淀粉含量品种做的米粉断条率和蒸煮损失率低,感官品质好,因此可将直链淀粉含量作为核心指标筛选出适宜作米粉的水稻品种。在调试出合适米水比的条件下,半干法研磨安全环保,对淀粉损伤较小,生产出的米粉品质与湿法研磨无显著差异。盐类或单甘脂等添加剂与保鲜方式结合使用,对鲜湿米粉保鲜效果更好。     

Microbial and sensory characteristics of camel meat during refrigerated storage as affected by gamma irradiation

The present study was undertaken to assess the microbiological profile of fresh camel meat and the possibility of improving microbial quality and extending the refrigerated storage life of meat by using low-dose gamma irradiation. Camel meat samples were subjected to 0 (control), 1.5 and 3 kGy doses and stored at 3 +/- 1 degrees C. the microbial and sensory attributes were evaluated. Exposure to 1.5 kGy dose significantly reduced the initial counts of Aerobic Plate Counts (APCs), psychrophilic bacteria, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), molds and yeasts, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Enterococci. Moreover, Pseudomonas, coliforms and Escherichia coli were below the detection levels. Irradiation at 3 kGy significantly reduced the initial counts of APCs LAB and Enterococci by 99.5, 93.5 and 93.9%, respectively. Pseudomonas, coliforms, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes and E. coli were not found at dose of 3 kGy during entire storage period, also psychrophilic bacteria and molds and yeasts were below the detection levels during 6 days of storage. This study shows that irradiation had no significant effects on the sensory attributes of camel meat. Refrigerated shelf-life of the meat irradiated at 1.5 and 3 kGy were 15 and 21 days, respectively, compared to 7 days for non-irradiated controls.     

Control of enzymatic browning in apple slices by using ascorbic acid under different conditions

Control of phenol oxidase activity in apple slices by the use of ascorbic acid at different pH values, temperature and time of incubation was investigated. The enzyme was almost inactivated at 1% and 1.5% ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid solution (1%) caused a remarkable inhibition with the increasing acidity up to pH=1. Heating treatments for apple slices dipped in 1% ascorbic acid caused a reduction of enzymatic browning, optimum temperature for inactivation of the enzyme was between 60–70°C for 15 minutes. Increasing the time of dipping apple slices in 1% ascorbic acid solutions and at different pH values reduce phenolase activity.     

Effects of different additives on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of Leymus chinensis silage

This study investigated the effects of different additives on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of Leymus chinensis silage. Treatments included (i) no additive, (ii) 3 mL kg^?1 formic acid (FA), (iii) 6 mL kg^?1 FA, (iv) 5 mL kg^?1 acetic acid (AA), (v) 10 mL kg^?1 AA, (vi) 2 mL kg^?1 propionic acid (PA), (vii) 4 mL kg^?1 PA, (viii) 5 mL kg^?1 butyric acid (BA), (ix) 10 mL kg^?1 BA, (x) 1.0 g kg^?1 potassium sorbate (PS), (xi) 1.0 g kg^?1 sodium benzoate (SB), (xii) 1 × 10⁸ colony‐forming units (cfu) kg^?1 Lactobacillus (Lb) plantarum LP (LP), (xiii) 1 × 10⁸ cfu kg^?1 Lb. brevis LB (LB) and (xiv) 1 × 10⁸ cfu kg^?1 Lb. buchneri NCIMB40788 (Fresh). Each additive treatment was based on fresh matter (FM). Results showed that all additives decreased pH values. All additives except Fresh decreased ammonia‐N content (p < .001). Both LP and LB increased lactic acid content (p < .001). Butyric acid content increased with FA (3 mL kg^?1) and BA, but decreased with PA, PS, SB, FA (6 mL kg^?1), AA, LP, LB (p < .001). FA (3 mL kg^?1), AA (10 mL kg^?1), PA, BA, PS, SB and Fresh improved aerobic stability (p < .001). After 8 days exposure to air, the pH value and yeast count were lower in FA (3 mL kg^?1), BA (10 mL kg^?1), SB treatments than in other treatments. Overall, AA outperformed all other additives in improving fermentation quality. Sodium benzoate and AA could be used as an effective additive to improve aerobic stability of L. chinensis silage.     

酸类化合物对大豆胞囊线虫防效及寄主生长的影响

以辽豆15为材料,采用人工接种的方法,分别测定了不同酸类化合物对大豆胞囊线虫的温室防治效果和对大豆植株生长情况的影响。结果表明:供试化合物中,甲酸和丙酸对大豆胞囊线虫的抑制率相对较高,对线虫的温室防治效果最好;乙酸和乙二酸次之;柠檬酸和苹果酸对线虫的防效较低。乙二酸、柠檬酸和苹果酸对大豆植株的生长抑制作用较小。综合试验结果,确定乙二酸是较为理想的线虫防治药剂。     

Influence of humic acid derived from composted wastes of Nigeria origin on oxidative and antioxidant status of African mud catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

The utilization of organic fertilizer, a product of composted organic wastes, is being advocated in Nigeria as a solid waste management alternative. The application of such products near surface water could increase organic matter load of the aquatic environment, thus increasing the humic substance concentration that influence metal speciation and bioavailability in water. In this study, Humic Acid (HA), a major humic substance fraction, derived from composted organic wastes of Nigeria origin was evaluated for effects on the oxidative and antioxidant status of African Mud Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to different HA (100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg L(-1)) concentrations in static water culture. Lipid peroxidation was estimated via malondialdehyde (MDA) using thiobarbituric acid assay while oxidative stress was assessed spectrophotometrically, via superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) using standard enzymatic assay techniques. Results showed that treatments increased MDA by 20 to 70% but decreased SOD, CAT and GSH by 10 to 42.56%, 43.62 to 64.09% and 9.84 to 67.68%, respectively. Negative coefficient (r) was obtained for CAT (r = - 0.491; p > 0.10), GSH (r = - 0.551; p > 0.10) versus HA concentration but correlation was positive for MDA (r = 0.998; p = 0.012) and the latter. Study revealed humic acid-mediated oxidative stress and lipid oxidation in the fish. The adverse impact was a function of humic acid concentration and an assessment of heavy metal-humic acid mixture effect on the oxidative and antioxidant status of fresh water fish is recommended.     

In vitro evaluation of Penicillium digitatum Sacc strains sensitivity to various fungicides from Jordan

This investigation is the first report in Jordan, aimed for in vitro evaluation of six fungicides and their combinations, to control the post harvest green mold (Penicillium digitatum) of citrus fruits. Thirty one different concentrations (0.01-3000 microg mL(-1)) of each fungicide, in addition to 6 combined concentrations from each of 7 fungicide mixtures, were tested using Agar well diffusion method against four fungal strains. Regression analysis, one way ANOVA and Post Hoc Multiple comparisons were carried out to test the significance of these treatments. Results of regression analysis indicated significant correlation (p < 0.01) between fungicide concentration (microg mL(-1)) and inhibition zone (mm) of tested strains. All applied fungicides have resulted in complete inhibition of fungal growth in the four tested strains with MIC values ranging from 5 to 2700 microg mL(-1). Canvil and Ranvil of the DMI family were the most effective against tested strains (except strain dg6) where an MIC in the range of 5 to 150 microg mL(-1) was required. Benomyl has worked effectively with the least MIC values against the four tested strains. The obtained Benomyl's MIC values were: 20, 40, 300 and 40 microg ml(-1) against strains dg2, dg4, dg5 and dg6, respectively. One way analysis of variance indicated that the following fungicide mixtures: Benomyl/Canvil; Topsin/Vydan; Blin/Canvil; Topsin/Blin and Topsin/Canvil had significantly (p < 0.001) affected the sizes of inhibition zones, in strains dg2, dg2 and dg5, dg2 and dg4, dg2 and dg4, respectively. Scheffe multiple comparisons analysis showed that there were significant differences (p < 0.001) between the combined concentrations of 50:50 microg mL(-1) or 100:100 microg mL(-1) of Benomyl/Canvil mixture and the rest of tested concentrations where complete inhibition of growth was achieved at a combination of 100:500 microg mL(-1). The mixtures of Benomyl/Canvil and Blin/Canvil were the most effective against strains where, wither complete inhibition or the largest inhibition zones were obtained at the least (50:50 microg mL(-1)) combined concentrations.     

Digestion of rice straw and oil palm fronds by microflora from rumen and termite bacteria, in vitro

The digestion and Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) production from rice straw and oil palm fronds by cellulolytic bacteria isolated from the termite Coptotermes curvignathus were investigated. The bacteria were Acinetobacter strain Raminalimon, Enterobacter aerogenes strain Razmin C, Enterobacter cloacae strain Razmin B, Bacillus cereus strain Razmin A and Chryseobacterium kwangyangense strain Cb. Acinetobacter strain Raminalimon is an aerobic bacterium, while the other species are facultative anaerobes. There were significant differences (p<0.05) among the bacteria for Dry Matter (DM) lost and acetic acid production from rice straw and Acinetobacter strain Raminalimon showed the highest activity. The facultative bacteria C. kwangyangense strain Cb (cfu mL(-1) 231 x 10(-6), OD: 0.5), E. cloacae (cfu mL(-1) 68 x 10(-7), OD: 0.5) and E. aerogenes (cfu mL(-1) 33 x 10(-7), OD: 0.5) were used for digestion study with the rumen fluid microflora. The in vitro gas production technique was applied for the comparative study and the parameters measured were pH, gas (volume), dry matter lost, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations. pH was not significantly (p<0.05) different among the five treatments. The bacterium C. kwangyangense strain Cb showed the highest activity (p<0.05) for DM lost, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid production from rice straw when compared to the other bacterial activities. There was no significance (p<0.05) difference between the three bacteria for the dry matter lost of oil palm fronds but the production of Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) was significantly (p<0.05) high in the treatment which was inoculated with C. kwangyangense strain Cb. The Gen Bank NCBI/EMBL accession numbers for the bacterial strains are EU332791, EU305608, EU305609, EU294508 and EU169201.     

Phytochemical screening, cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities of two Bangladeshi medicinal plants

The objectives of the present study were to investigate phytochemical screening and to assay cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities of ethanolic extracts of leaves of two medicinal plants, Aglaonema hookerianum Schott (Family: Araceae) and Lannea grandis Engl. (Family: Anacardiaceae) available in Bangladesh. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay showed that the ethanolic extracts of Aglaonema hookerianum and Lannea grandis possessed cytotoxic activities with LC50 5.25 (microg mL(-1)) and 5.75 (microg mL(-1)) and LC90 10.47 (microg mL(-1)) and 9.55 (microg mL(-1)), respectively. Two extracts obtained from leaves were examined for their antibacterial activities against some gram positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus, also gram negative strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi and Vibrio cholerae. Agar disc diffusion method was applied to observe the antibacterial efficacy of the extracts. Results indicated that both plant extracts (500 microg disc(-1)) displayed antibacterial activity against all of the tested microorganisms. These results were also compared with the zones of inhibition produced by commercially available standard antibiotic, Amoxicillin at concentration of 10 microg disc(-1). Observed antibacterial properties of the ethanolic extract of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott and Lannea grandis Engl. showed that both plants might be useful sources for the development of new potent antibacterial agents.     

Effects of daily consumption of probiotic yoghurt on inflammatory factors in pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial

Previous studies have shown that inflammatory factors increases in pregnancy and is associated with several complications of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess effects of daily consumption of probiotic yoghurt on inflammatory factors in pregnant women. In a randomized clinical trial, seventy primigravid (the first pregnancy) and singleton pregnant women aged 18-30 years were assigned to two groups. Subjects consumed daily 200 g probiotic yoghurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium animalis BB12 (10(7) CFU g(-1) for each) or 200 g conventional yoghurt for 9 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline (28 weeks of gestation) and after intervention (37 weeks of gestation). Inflammatory factors, hs-CRP and TNF-alpha, were measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Independent t-test was used to compare the two groups after intervention and paired-sample t-test compared variables before and after treatment. The results showed that the probiotic yogurt brought about a decrease in the serum hs-CRP level, from 10.44 +/- 1.56 to 7.44 +/- 1.03 microg mL(-1) (p = 0.041). There was no significant change in the conventional yogurt group in the serum hs-CRP level (12.55 +/- 1.57 to 14.51 +/- 1.62 microg mL(-1), p = 0.202). The probiotic yogurt had no effect on TNF-alpha (from 73.75 +/- 6.59 to 77.91 +/- 5.61 pg mL(-1), p = 0.633). Serum TNF-alpha did not change in the conventional yogurt group (p = 0.134). In conclusion probiotic yogurt significantly decreased hs-CRP in pregnant women but had no effect on TNF-alpha.     

Effects of amylose and wheat bran on the levels of blood serum urea nitrogen (BUN), other blood parameters,growth and fecal characteristics in rats

A basal diet (containing 20% soybean protein isolate) was supplemented with limiting amino acids (AA, methionine, threonine and tryptophan); wheat bran (WB, 24.3%); amylose (AM, 10%) or a combination of AA and WB or AM to investigate their effects on the levels of blood serum urea nitrogen (BUN), other blood parameters, growth and fecal characteristics in young rats. After 3 weeks feeding, supplementation of the basal diet with AA or WB resulted in improved growth (gain/food ratio) while the addition of AM had no effect on rat growth. Addition of WB to the basal diet had no effect on BUN while the addition of AA and AM caused about 20 and 12% reduction in BUN values, respectively. Rats fed the AA-AM diet had the lowest BUN values (42% lower than those fed the basal diet). Fresh volume, fresh weight, moisture and dry weight of feces in rats fed the WB diets were about four to five fold higher than in those fed the AM diets. The results suggested that BUN may not be a good predictor of growth and protein quality in diets containing AM or a source of dietary fiber (WB).     

Determination of the best level of dietary energy with two diet formulation methods based on total and digestible amino acid on broiler diet

In order to evaluate the effects of different levels of energy and methods of formulation of Amino Acid (AA) requirements of diets, this experiment was conducted using 392 broiler chicks. The experiment was carried out using a complete randomize block design with 7 levels of energy 3175, 3075, 2975, 2875, 2775, 2675 and 2575 kcal kg(-1) for grower diet and 3225, 3125, 3025, 2925, 2825, 2725 and 2625 kcal kg(-1) for finisher diet and two methods of formulation of diets AA requirements (total and digestible) as a factorial arrangement. Results showed that by increasing level of energy feed intake, body weight and FCR were promoted in grower diet (p<0.05). Effect of decreasing level of energy up to 2725 and 2825 kcal kg(-1) was not significant on body weight and FCR in finisher diet, respectively. Formulating of diet based on total or digestible AA affected feed intake and FCR in finisher diet (p<0.05). Interaction effect of independent factors affected on body weight in grower diet (p<0.05). Decreasing level of energy increased gastrointestinal tract percentage weight (p<0.05). Formulation of diet based on digestible AA decreased gastrointestinal tract percentage weight (p<0.05). Abdominal fat decreased significantly as ME content of diets decreased. Results showed that it's possible to reduce the level of energy up to 3175 kcal kg(-1) in grower and 2725 kcal kg(-1) in finisher diet for giving the best and economical performance response. Formulation of diet based on digestible AA in finisher diet resulted in promotion of performance.     

硫营养对绿茶产量和品质的影响

研究了硫营养对绿茶产量和品质的影响及其可能的机理。试验设2个硫处理(0,50 kg S.ha-1.a-1),每个处理重复4次,完全随机区组设计。结果表明:施硫能够提高产量、增加氨基酸和抗坏血酸(AsA和DAsA)含量,降低茶多酚和酚氨比(TP/AA)。施硫对茶叶品质的改善与降低多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性、提高硝酸还原酶(NR)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性有关。     

Phenolic profiles and their contribution to the antioxidant activity of selected chickpea genotypes from Mexico and ICRISAT collections

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes, nine kabuli from Mexico and 9 desi from other countries, were investigated for their phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity (AA). Phenolics in methanol extracts (ME) were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS), whereas the AA was measured as Trolox equivalents (TE) by ABTS, DPPH and FRAP methods. Twenty phenolic compounds were identified in the ME and their levels showed a great variability among the chickpea genotypes. Phenolic acids and flavonoids were the most abundant compounds in kabuli and desi genotypes, respectively. The AA values (μmol TE/ 100 g dw) by ABTS (278–2417), DPPH (52–1650), and FRAP (41–1181) were mainly associated with the content of sinapic acid hexoside, gallic acid, myricetin, quercetin, catechin, and isorhamnetin, suggesting they are the main compounds responsible for the AA. The sum of the AA obtained for standards of these compounds evaluated at the concentration found in the extracts accounted for 34.3, 69.8, and 47.0% of the AA in the extract by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP, respectively. In the AA by DPPH, most of the mixtures of these compounds resulted in synergistic interactions. Three desi genotypes with black seeds (ICC 4418, ICC 6306, and ICC 3761) showed the highest AA and flavonoids content, whereas the most promising kabuli genotypes were Surutato 77, Bco. Sin. 92, and Blanoro that showed the highest values of phenolic acids. These genotypes represent good sources of antioxidants for the improvement of nutraceutical properties in chickpea.     

Production and optimization of indole acetic acid by indigenous micro flora using agro waste as substrate

Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) producing bacterium was isolated from the Rhizosphere soil and identified as Rhizobium sp. and Bacillus sp., Optimization of Indole acetic acid production was carried out at different cultural conditions, such as pH, temperature and substrate with Rhizobium sp., Bacillus sp. and Rhizobium sp., produced higher amount of Indole acetic acid (6.1 mg mL(-1)) than the Bacillus sp., (4.4 mg mL(-1)) at pH 7 and 37 degrees C in the Bengal gram substrate. Partial purification of Indole acetic acid was done by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). In conclusion Rhizobium sp., appear to be a suitable soil microorganism for high level of IAA production.