单轴桨叶式饲料调质器国内外概况

文章论述了国内外单轴桨叶式饲料调质器产品的技术发展概况。国外著名饲料机械公司生产的单轴桨叶式调质器质量处于国际领先水平。新型单轴桨叶调质器的主轴采用变频调速技术,各检修门配有安全连锁装置。调质器桨叶与机壳间隙可调节至4～5 mm。调质器机筒采用大直径,桨叶采用较大宽度。国内大型饲料机械企业的单轴桨叶式调质器的质量优良,部分小型饲料机械企业生产的同类调质器的制造质量不高。需要对该类产品制定相关国家或行业标准。     

畜牧兽医专业中高职教育衔接课程研究

通过分析畜牧兽医专业中职教育和高职教育的人才培养目标和规格,对中职阶段和高职阶段骨干课程设置进行对比与分析,确定课程开设类型、内容的共性与差异。通过调整与规划,确保课程的教学内容对中高职教育衔接、能力递进的养殖类高素质技能型人才培养起到有力的支撑。     

Spontaneous Gingivitis Related to Hair Penetration in Rats

Maxillary gingivae from male and female Crl:CD(SD) rats at 12, 16, 21, and 34 weeks of age were examined histologically. The incidence of gingivitis was approximately 40%, with no age or sex predilection, and was most frequent between the first and second molar. Lesions were characterized by acute focal neutrophilic infiltration into the gingival mucosa, occasionally with inflammatory exudate. In severe cases, inflammation extended to the periodontal ligament with abscess formation, and adjacent alveolar bone destruction/resorption. The most characteristic finding was the presence of hair shafts associated with the lesion, which was observed in approximately 80% of the rats with gingivitis. These findings suggest that molar gingivitis occurs in rats from an early age and persists thereafter, and that the main cause of gingivitis in rats is hair penetration into the gingiva. It would be prudent to keep these background lesions in mind as potential modifiers in toxicity studies.     

双轴桨叶式饲料调质器国内外概况

文章论述了国内外双轴桨叶式饲料调质器产品的技术发展概况。美国Wenger公司生产的双轴异径差速桨叶式调质器质量处于国际领先水平。新型调质器采用两个转子轴独立驱动和变速技术,各检修门配有安全连锁机构。调质器桨叶与机壳间隙可调节至4～5 mm。国内大型饲料机械企业的双轴异径差速调质器的质量优良,部分小型饲料机械企业生产的同类调质器的整体制造质量不高,桨叶末端与机壳间隙较大,检修门尺寸小,维修不便,无安全连锁机构等。需要对该类产品制定相关国家、行业标准。     

单轴桨叶式饲料调质器国内外技术发展概况

文章论述了国内外单轴桨叶式饲料调质器产品的技术发展概况。国外著名饲料机械公司生产的单轴桨叶式调质器质量处于国际领先水平。新型单轴桨叶调质器的主轴采用变频调速技术,各检修门配有安全连锁装置。调质器桨叶与机壳间隙可调节至4mm～5mm。调质器机筒采用大直径,桨叶采用较大宽度。国内大型饲料机械企业的单轴桨叶式调质器的质量优良,部分小型饲料机械企业生产的同类调质器的制造质量不高。需要对该类产品制定相关国家或行业标准。     

Using urea dilution to standardise components of pleural and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids in the dog

AIM: To develop a technique to estimate the volume of epithelial lining fluid (ELF) obtained during bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and pleural lavage (PL) in the dog, using the urea dilution method.

METHODS: BAL and PL fluids were obtained by saline lavage of pulmonary and pleural cavities of nine clinically healthy mixed-breed dogs immediately after euthanasia. Cell counts in the BAL and PL fluids were measured using standard techniques. The concentration of ELF in each lavage fluid was calculated from the relative concentration of urea in plasma and in each type of lavage fluid. Cell counts in ELF were then calculated.

RESULTS: There were substantially higher cell counts in ELF compared to BAL or PF fluid. However, nucleated cell counts in ELF could not be predicted from cell counts in BAL or PL fluid.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These results suggest that accurate assessment of cellular or non-cellular components in lavage fluids should include a calculation of the proportion of ELF recovered, using a method such as urea dilution.     

犬腺病毒纤突蛋白基因功能区的比较分析

根据GenBank中已发表的CAV纤突基因序列，设计合成4对8条引物，用已建立的PCR方法，对犬2型腺病毒沈阳分离株第5代强毒经蚀斑克隆驯化的第60代毒弱毒（SY-V60）和犬1型腺病毒长春犬株（CCC-V6）的纤突基因进行了扩增，PCR产物经纯化后进行基因序列测定，测定结果经拼接后得到一个由1632和1629个核苷酸组成的纤突蛋白全基因序列，分别编码543和542个氨基酸。犬2型腺病毒（SY-V60）与犬1型腺病毒（CCC-V6）的纤突基因的同源性达到80.48%。犬2型腺病毒（SY-V60）与犬1型腺病毒（CCC-V6）纤突基因的同源性达到80.48%；根据犬的腺病毒与人2型腺病毒纤突蛋白的序列同源性比较结果，推测了犬腺病毒纤突蛋白的尾（tail)、轴（shaft)，结（knob)三个功能区的氨基酸序列，2个型之间的尾区同源性为76.9%；轴区同源性为78.59%；其结区同源性为83.24%，而同型毒株之间结和尾区同源性较高，轴区同源性较低。     

草原生态保护与建设的综合分区与规划研究--以内蒙古自治区镶黄旗为例

利用2002年镶黄旗草原资源与生态监测数据,结合历史资料,围绕草原资源与生态保护与建设这一首要目标,将镶黄旗草原划分为9个生态分区,并首次利用草原建设、生态危机等方面的10个指标,建立了3类保护与建设分区,两种分区综合分析,得出当地草原生态保护与建设的评价和规划建议。     

初探草坪起源与演化,兼论草坪的概念

草坪为一类特殊的草地。草坪起源的关键在于草坪草的分化发生。草坪草、草坪起源及早期演化 ,都是地史时期内 ,特定的气候 -生物 -土壤协同演化 (Coordinateevolution)的产物。移栽自然草坪 ,开始向人工草坪过渡。人工草地的出现 ,通过“重牧”、“刈割”等导致人工草坪的诞生 ;剪草机的发明标志着现代草坪的降临     

贵州省牛羊产业屠宰加工环节的现状、问题及对策

本文从产业生产、市场需求、屠宰加工等3方面综合阐述了贵州省牛羊产业屠宰加工环节现状,旨在为贵州省牛羊屠宰加工业的发展提供技术支撑。调查研究表明,贵州省牛羊产业屠宰加工环节中存在市场需求大、养殖规模小,家庭作坊多、认证企业少,标准化建设滞后、自动化水平较低,产品多样化不足、同质化严重,品牌辐射局限、盈利空间较小等问题,由此提出在养殖规模化上求突破,保障原料供给;在产业集聚化上求突破,盘活加工资源;在生产标准化上求突破,提升产品质量;在价值最大化上求突破,增加产业附加值;在营销品牌化上求突破,推动牛羊出山等对策建议。     

Climatic and edaphic conditions at eragrostis lehmanniana nees sites in Arizona,USA and the cape province,RSA and potential seeding sites in Southern Africa

Climatic and edaphic conditions at Eragrostis lehmanniana Nees sites in southeastern Arizona, USA were compared with those in the Cape Province, RSA to determine a range of conditions under which the species might be expected to establish and persist in southern Africa. Mean annual precipitation amounts and temperature extremes were highly variable where Lehmann lovegrass predominates, but in most summers precipitation accumulations ranged from 150–220 mm and temperature extremes ranged from 20–35°C in 30–40 days. Soils at Lehmann lovegrass sites in the Cape Province were more coarse textured and nutrient concentrations were usually less than at sites in southeastern Arizona; but trends in particle‐size distributions and measured chemical concentrations were generally equivalent. Climatic and edaphic conditions in central Botswana and northeastern Namibia generally range between those in southeastern Arizona and the Cape Province, RSA and we expect that seeded Lehmann lovegrass stands in these areas would enhance semi‐desert grassland productivity.     

对《畜禽规模养殖污染防治条例》的解析

关于《畜禽规模养殖污染防治条例》的出台,本文从目的、思路和防治途径等方面进行了解析。并就条例出台的背景及本次条例的特点做了分析,然后对目前我国畜禽规模养殖污染的现状从政策方面做了论述,也对条例在统筹畜禽养殖生产布局与环境保护、强化污染源头管控方面的意义做了说明。最后具体说明条例在畜禽规模养殖污染防治方面的新规定。     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

西门塔尔母牛的育成期选优提纯

西门塔尔母牛育成期的生长发育规律主要表现为体重的增加和体型的变化,在整个发育过程中体现出本身系统发育的阶段性和个体发育的不平衡性。育成母牛１８月龄时日增重达８８１ｇ,体重达４３４．６ｋｇ,占成年母牛体重的７８．９％;体长率达１２２．０％,占成年母牛体长率的９５．３％。     

浅议动物防疫及监督规范的框架与结构

本文通过在理论与实践上的探索,提出了动物防疫和动物防疫监督规范体系的总体框架与结构,即由两个层次组成;第一层次是有关法律法规;第二次是有关规章和准则,包括五个组成部分。对其涵 盖的内容进行了论述,供同行研讨 。     

两株猪繁殖与呼吸征病毒的分离鉴定及遗传变异分析

从广东省发病猪场采集的组织和血清中分离到两株PRRSV,病料经RT-PCR检测为阳性,通过Marc-145细胞进行传代,可产生明显细胞病变,通过间接免疫荧光可检测到荧光信号,两株病毒分别命名为ZH-GD株和ZS-GD株。对两株病毒的ORF5和Nsp2高变区进行序列测定和分析,结果表明,PRRSV ZH-GD株和ZS-GD株的核苷酸序列与欧洲型代表株LV株间的相似性相对较远,与美洲株经典毒株VR-2332间的相似性分别为88.6%和88.1%,与中国经典美洲毒株CH-1a间的相似性分别为94.4%和93.0%。在Nsp2上有30个氨基酸的缺失,与JXA1、XH-GD等高致病性变异株的Nsp2缺失位置一致。分离的两株PRRSV均属于美洲型的变异株PRRSV。     

成都市畜禽养殖污染调查与防控措施

调查和测算成都市畜禽粪尿及污染物的排放量,并对目前粪尿处理情况做了调查。2010年全市各类畜禽排泄粪尿总量2809．75×10^4t,其中935．65×10^4t未经无害化处理直接排放到环境中,对生态环境是一极大破坏。在分析养殖污染对生态环境的影响和对人类健康的危害的基础上,提出成都市养殖污染的防控措施：主要是改末端治理为养殖全程控制,重点要转变养殖业发展方式,以发展（生态养殖和低碳养殖）促治理,用循环经济理念治理养殖污染。     

兰州市雁滩公园草坪草病虫害调查及防治

通过对兰州市雁滩公园早熟禾、黑麦草、高羊茅混播冷季型草坪草病虫害发生情况的调查,鉴定出了5种草坪病害,即叶锈病、褐斑病、白粉病、叶斑病、腐霉枯萎病;7种草坪害虫,即大青叶蝉、飞蝗、斜纹夜蛾、草地螟、蛴螬(华北大黑鳃金龟占优势)、华北蝼蛄、小地老虎,并针对以上病虫害提出了综合防治措施。     

水土流失与植被保护

本文论述了全国和内蒙古水土流失的情况及其危害,引起水土流失的原因及植被的作用,以及保护植被应采取的措施。