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1.
We evaluated the enhancement of cured meat taste during maturation by sensory analysis. We focused on the heat‐stable sarcoplasmic fraction (HSSF) to identify the factors related to cured meat taste. Because the dry matter of HSSF contained more than 30% nitrogen, nitrogen compounds such as free amino acids, small peptides and adenosine triphosphate‐related compounds seemed to be the important components of HSSF. The samples cured with HSSF for 2 h exhibited the same taste profile as ones cured without HSSF for 168 h. Therefore, the changes in the amount and fractions of nitrogen compounds were examined in HSSF during incubation from 0 to 168 h. The concentration of hypoxanthine (Hx) gradually increased, while inosine‐5′‐monophosphate decreased during the incubation. The samples cured with pickles containing various concentrations of Hx were subjected to sensory analysis. The addition of Hx, in a dose‐dependent fashion, enhanced cured meat taste by maturation for 2 h. It was concluded that Hx is essential for the enhancement of cured meat taste.  相似文献   

2.
感官评价原理与实践在肉质评价中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文论述了感官评价原理与技术基本内容,以及在肉质感官评价中的应用。着重论述了肉质评价员的选拔与培训、肉质评价专门实验室的建设原则、肉质评价程序的设计原则、肉质感官评价结果的分析。最后简单分析了我国肉质感官评价的现状。  相似文献   

3.
摘要: 乳制品感官品评技术日益成熟并受到重视。现代统计学、心理学及人类仿生学等学科的发展推动了乳制品感官品评技术的日渐成熟。本文对乳制品感官品评的定义、方法及感官品评在乳制品中的应用进行综述,并对其应用进行展望,旨在为乳制品的感官评定技术提供理论基础。  相似文献   

4.
    
The aim of study was to investigate the effect of genotype on carcass measurements and meat quality characteristics of purebred Hair Goat, Saanen × Hair Goat (F1 and B1) kids under an intensive production system. In total, 24 kids were slaughtered at the age of approximately 133 days. Kids were fattened for 56 days immediately after weaning. Hot carcass weights were 6.78, 7.61 and 7.02 kg and dressing percentages were 49.71, 49.27 and 48.78%, respectively ( P  > 0.05). Differences between genotypes for carcass measurements and indexes were not significant. Effect of genotype on pH measurements, drip loss, water holding capacity, cooking loss and Warner Bratzler shear force values were not significant. Meat lightness values at 0 h, 1 h and 1 day after cutting were higher in crossbred kids than Hair Goat kids ( P  < 0.05). Redness value was significantly higher in meat samples of Hair goat kids at 0 h, 1 h and 1 day measurements ( P  < 0.05). Kid genotype had no significant effect on meat sensory characteristics, except tenderness. Panelists gave lower scores for meat tenderness to F1 and B1 crosses compared to purebred Hair Goat kids. In conclusion, higher meat lightness values of crossbred kids, at particularly B1 level, might have a positive effect on the consumer choices.  相似文献   

5.
    
The difference of muscle fiber type composition affects several parameters related to meat quality; however, the relationship between muscle fiber types and meat taste is unclear. To elucidate this relationship, we determined the taste of various beef samples using a taste sensor (INSENT SA402B) and analyzed its correlation with different muscle fiber type composition. We used 22 kinds of beef samples and measured nine tastes, including the relative and change of membrane potential caused by adsorption (CPA) values, using six sensors (GL1, CT0, CA0, AAE, C00, and AE1). The taste sensor analysis indicated positive value outputs for the relative C00, AAE, and GL1 values as well as for the CPA value of AAE, which corresponded to bitterness, umami, sweetness, and richness, respectively. We found significant positive correlations of the myosin heavy chain 1 (MyHC1) composition with umami taste, and with richness. This result suggests that high levels of slow MyHC1 can induce strong umami taste and richness in beef. We expect that our results will contribute to the elucidation of the relationship between muscle fiber types and meat palatability.  相似文献   

6.
    
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of fermented apple diet (FAD) supplementation on the growth performance and meat quality in finishing Berkshires. The FAD was made from dropped apple mixed with rice bran and barley bran. Until 81 ± 1 kg live weight at 133 ± 1 days, the animals were fed a growing diet, after which experimental samples were fixed at 0, 2, 4 and 6% FAD as C, T1, T2 and T3 in the finishing diets. Growth performance, ADG, ADFI and feed efficiency were improved in T1 than other groups. In carcass parameters, carcass weight was higher ( P  < 0.05) in T1 than in other groups. In meat quality, moisture and crude protein contents decreased ( P  < 0.05) by addition of FAD. pH24 and WHC were higher ( P  < 0.05) in T1 than other groups. In sensory evaluation, marbling of fresh meat and tenderness, juiciness, flavor and overall acceptability of cooked meat were improved by the addition of FAD. According to the results of our experiment, FAD can be used for improvement of meat quality parameters.  相似文献   

7.
BMY牛肩峰肉产量及肉质特性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
[目的]测定BMY牛肩峰的产肉量及分析其肉质特性.[方法]对经过短期育肥至15月龄左右(平均15.0±0.52月龄)的24头BMY公牛进行屠宰,测定了其肩峰肉的重量和肉质特性,并从肌肉的肌纤维特征(肌纤维直径和肌纤维密度)、肉质(嫩度、pH值、失水率和系水力,以及熟肉率)、养分(初水分、肌内脂肪、粗蛋白和粗灰分)含量和...  相似文献   

8.
    
Predicting aspects of lean meat yield and eating quality of pork based on some particular carcass traits become increasingly important from an economic profitability point of view. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between the back-fat (BF) thickness with lean meat yield and meat quality traits of crossbred pigs. A total of 220 crossbred pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) ♀ × Duroc ♂] reared under identical conditions and harvested at 180 days old were slaughtered and screened for BF thickness. Four BF thickness groups: 12–15, 16–20, 21–25, and 26–30 mm were classified, and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles from these groups were used to analyze meat quality characteristics. Results showed that increasing BF thickness decreased the lean meat yield and loin lean area. Increasing BF thickness up to 26–30 mm increased intramuscular fat content and pH of LD muscles. The LD muscles of the thicker BF (21–30 mm) groups received significantly higher flavor, juiciness, and overall acceptability scores than those of the thinner back-fat (12–20 mm) groups. Overall, when all the pre-harvest factors are kept the same, BF thickness could be considered as a primary index for predicting lean meat yield, and the minimal back-fat thickness of 21–30 mm is required to improve the overall acceptability of pork meat.  相似文献   

9.
Laboratory and in vivo studies in primates, and serological evidence in humans, indicate that food animal oncogenic viruses show potential for causing cancer in humans. However, until fairly recently, supporting analytic epidemiologic studies have been lacking and have concentrated on lung cancer. We conducted an extensive Medline search and reviewed 60 studies investigating lung cancer risk in highly exposed workers in the meat and poultry industries. The overwhelming majority of studies of different designs (including all the cohort mortality and cancer incidence studies) indicate at least a 30% excess risk of lung cancer in meat and poultry plant workers, even after controlling for smoking. Evidence points to food animal oncogenic microorganisms as one of the main causes. This has important public health implications because the general population is also widely exposed. Studies carried out thus far have not had sufficient statistical power to investigate other potentially carcinogenic exposures within the industries. Thus, large studies that can adequately control for occupational and non-occupational confounding factors are needed, so that the possible role of food animal oncogenic viruses in the occurrence of human lung cancer can be clearly defined.  相似文献   

10.
黄莉  丁波 《中国畜牧兽医》2018,45(9):2471-2477
肉及肉制品在加工及贮藏过程中易发生氧化而导致品质下降,在动物日粮中添加植物多酚可抑制脂肪及蛋白质氧化,进而提高肉及肉制品在加工及贮藏过程中的氧化稳定性。植物多酚因具有酚羟基结构而具有清除自由基的抗氧化作用,可提高动物机体及肉制品中抗氧化酶的活性,还可激活Nrf2/ARE信号通路从而提高肉制品在加工及贮藏过程中的抗氧化能力。将植物多酚添加到畜禽日粮中,可促进动物对饲料中营养物质的消化吸收,提高其生产性能,且可提高动物机体的抗氧化酶活性及总抗氧化能力,降低畜禽产品中丙二醛的含量,提高产品的质量,延长产品的货架期。文章介绍了植物多酚,包括黄酮类、酚酸类、非黄酮类化合物及其代表性化合物的结构,并阐述了其抗氧化性机理及其在动物生产中的应用,旨为研究利用植物多酚提高肉制品的氧化稳定性、安全性提供理论参考。  相似文献   

11.
    
Three surveys and a sensory evaluation of goat meat were conducted in Japan to examine the current needs and future possibilities of goat meat consumption. The experimental results of the present study lead us to conclude the following: (i) improving the smell of goat meat and combining the sale of goat meat with recipes may increase goat meat demand among housewives; (ii) it seems to be difficult to disseminate Okinawa goat cuisine to non‐Okinawa residents because of the typical odor of goat meat, which is unlikely to be preferred by the public; (iii) the “chewiness” of goat meat is rated highly by young participants according to a sensory evaluation, and loin meat is rated highly compared with hind leg meat; and (iv) there is a rapidly increasing interest and a tremendous purchasing drive towards goat meat among university students. However, these facts call for further investigation of the goat meat demand in Japan. The following three further experiments are needed to solve this issue: (i) breeding to improve the taste of goat meat; (ii) expanding the marketing of goat meat combined with the invention of Japanese‐style goat recipes and tie‐in sales supermarkets; and (iii) implementing further sensory analyses to compare goat meat with other meat and carrying out market analysis in Japan.  相似文献   

12.
13.
    
To investigate the physico‐chemical and sensory properties of striploin muscles, 90 Hanwoo carcasses (QG 1+) were randomly selected within six maturity levels (4 to 9 according to age in months). Results demonstrated that the protein contents at maturity levels 4 and 5 were significantly higher than 9. No significant difference in fat, moisture and collagen contents were found at different maturity levels (P > 0.05). The quantity of collagen type I and ratio of type I to III were observed at higher maturity levels; collagen type III showed significantly high levels (P > 0.05) at low maturity and decreased with increase in maturity levels. Warner‐Bratzler shear force (WBSF) was significantly lower in groups 4 to 6, whereas water holding capacity (WHC) was significantly higher than maturity level 8 and 9 groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in cooking loss among the maturity level groups (P > 0.05). Color properties, L* values of striploin muscle from maturity level 4 were significantly different from level 9 (P < 0.05). Sensory evaluation at level 4‐6 groups had significantly higher tenderness and overall likeness scores than level 9 (P < 0.05). The maturity levels were significantly correlated with age, fat, protein content, WHC, WBSF, cooking loss, CIE L* values and sensory properties like tenderness, juiciness, flavor‐likeness and overall likeness.  相似文献   

14.
    
One‐hundred‐twenty crossbred pigs finished at 175–185 days of age were used to investigate the effects of live weights at slaughter on the meat quality, volatile flavor compounds, and sensory attributes of pork meat. Based on the live weights at slaughter, three weight groups (n = 36 per group) were classified as follows: light weight (LW: 100 kg), medium weight (MW: 110 kg), and heavy weight (HW: 120 kg). After slaughter, longissimus dorsi muscle samples were taken and used for the analyses of aforementioned parameters. The HW group had higher fat content and water holding capacity compared to the LW or MW group (< 0.05). The HW group also showed higher levels for majority of unsaturated fatty acids and total polyunsaturated fatty acids than the LW group (p < 0.05). The slaughter weight significantly affected the amounts of 11 among the 47 flavor compounds identified. Significantly higher amounts of fatty acids oxidation‐derived flavor compounds (aldehydes) were found in the HW group than in the other groups. Noticeably, increasing slaughter weight was associated with higher sensorial scores for flavor, juiciness, and acceptance scores (p < 0.05). Based on the obtained results, 120 kg body weight is recommended as the market weight for this commercial breed without compromising the meat quality.  相似文献   

15.
文章旨在研究不同饲养方式对产蛋前蛋鸡胸肌和腿肌化学成分、物理特征和感官评价的影响。试验选择1日龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡900只,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复60只。蛋鸡在1~10周龄和11~20周龄时分别饲喂相同的生长前期和生长后期日粮,3个组蛋鸡分别通过笼养、平养(稻谷粉作为垫料)和散养。试验结束后,对蛋鸡屠宰,收集胸肌和腿肌进行分析。结果:平养和笼养组蛋鸡胸肌粗脂肪含量较散养组分别显著提高114.81%和74.07%(P<0.05),但散养组蛋鸡胸肌铁含量较平养组显著提高37.99%(P<0.05),同时胶原含量较笼养组显著提高25.28%(P<0.05)。散养组蛋鸡腿肌粗脂肪和能量含量最低(P<0.05),但散养组粗蛋白质、铁、锌含量分别较笼养组显著提高8.85%、40.26%和17.16%(P<0.05)。散养组蛋鸡胸肌硬度和韧性较笼养组分别显著提高42.69%和27.76%(P<0.05)。笼养组腿肌蒸煮损失较平养组显著提高8.01%(P<0.05),散养组腿肌硬度和韧性分别较平养组显著提高35.24%和133.25%(P<0.05)。与笼养组相比,散养组胸肌风味和咀嚼性显著高于笼养组(P<0.05),同时散养组胸肌总可接受度显著高于平养组(P<0.05)。散养组腿肌风味、多汁性和咀嚼性均显著高于笼养和平养组(P<0.05),同时该组总可接受度较平养组显著提高6.72%(P<0.05)。结论:散养产蛋前蛋鸡的感官指标表现最佳,同时腿肌和胸肌粗脂肪含量最低,粗蛋白质和胶原蛋白含量高,可以改善肌肉口感。  相似文献   

16.
为探究鸡日粮中添加包被肉桂油对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和肌肉风味的影响,试验选用168只1日龄罗斯308雏鸡,随机分成2个处理组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加300 mg/kg的包被肉桂油。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡活体重没有显著的差异(P>0.05);21日龄胸肌的a^*值和b^*值(P<0.05)和42日龄胸肌和腿肌的24 h pH值(P<0.05)提高,21和42日龄胸肌和腿肌的滴水损失(P<0.05)降低;21日龄胸肌中过氧化氢的含量和42日龄胸肌丙二醛含量(P<0.01)降低;腿肌中的甜味氨基酸(丝氨酸和甘氨酸)(P<0.05)和芳香族氨基酸(酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸)的含量(P<0.01)提高。研究表明:日粮中添加300 mg/kg的包被肉桂油能够改善肉鸡肌肉品质的部分指标,提高胸肌抗氧化力和腿肌风味。  相似文献   

17.
兰州市肉与肉制品微生物污染状况的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:了解兰州市定点屠宰场生猪屠宰加工产品的卫生质量以及肉与肉制品致病菌污染状况。方法:2003-2006年,应用国标法对2个定点生猪屠宰场300份生猪胴体样品进行了菌落总数、大肠菌群和沙门氏菌检验;采用随机采样法对兰州市不同酒店和超市的生猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、禽肉100份,熟肉制品1 200份进行了常见致病菌的检验。结果:生猪胴体体表和肉样沙门氏菌检出率分别为7.5%和14%;生肉检出致病菌阳性20份,总检出率为20%;熟肉制品检出致病菌阳性39份,阳性率为3.25%。生肉中以猪肉致病菌阳性率最高,为20%。结论:兰州市生猪胴体的卫生质量急需提高,屠宰生产加工水平亟待改善。  相似文献   

18.
    
The present study demonstrates the effects of different muscle types and chiller ageing periods on the chemical composition, meat quality parameters, sensory characteristics and volatile compounds of Karean native cattle beed. Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Semitendinosus (ST) muscles aged for 7 days and 28 days were used. Moisture, cooking loss, total collagen and Warner‐Bratzler shear force (WBSF) values for the ST were higher than the LD muscle regardless of ageing period (P < 0.05). The LD muscle had higher intramuscular fat (IMF) (P < 0.05). Ageing for 28 days decreased WBSF values whereas it increased thiobarbituric acid of both muscles. Moreover, tenderness, juiciness and flavor scores were significantly higher for the LD muscle at both ageing periods. Increased ageing time improved tenderness of both muscles, and increased juiciness of the LD muscle, whereas there was decreased flavor score of ST muscle (P < 0.05). The majority of the volatile compounds formed from the oxidation of lipids showed differences between the two muscles. Ageing for 28 days increased in the amounts of many volatile compounds; however, the amounts of some important volatile compounds were decreased. These results clearly demonstrate that muscle type and ageing have a potential effect on meat quality, sensory characteristics and volatile profile.  相似文献   

19.
随着人们生活水平的提高,消费者对畜产品的要求也越来越高,已由量转化为质,肉品质的评定及如何调控已成为当前营养学者研究的热点。文章综述了肉品质的评定指标,介绍了影响肉风味的因素,同时,从遗传和日粮两个方面讨论了影响肉品质的因素,为进一步改善肉品质提供参考。  相似文献   

20.
为确定凝固型酸奶感官描述词,优选8 名酸奶感官评价员,成立感官评价小组。对评价小组进行感官训练,最大限度收集凝固型酸奶感官描述词并进行整理,得到32 个感官描述词。采用强度标度的方法,通过几何平均值M的计算,完成首次删减。运用模糊二元对比排序法,二次删减感官描述词,确立11 个凝固型酸奶感官描述词,用以准确、全面地描述凝固型酸奶的感官特性。  相似文献   

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