福建省杂交水稻选育研究新进展

福建省科技厅于2008年设立了粮食重大专项,其中专题一"杂交水稻新品种选育与栽培技术研究",其最主要研究内容是杂交水稻新品种选择育种。文章介绍了专题一的主要研发内容以及所取得的主要研究进展和成效。     

福建省优质、高产、多抗杂交水稻选育研究进展

2004年福建省科技厅设立了"粮食作物育种技术研究—优质、高产、多抗杂交水稻新组合选育"专题。文章主要介绍了该专题研究内容,技术路线,取得主要进展与成效。     

《杂交水稻》投稿指南

正《杂交水稻》以广大从事杂交水稻研究、开发、经营、推广和生产各个环节的人员,包括大中专院校、科研机构、种子生产和经营部门、推广部门及生产单位的有关人员为主要读者对象,辟有"专题与综述"、"选育选配"、"繁殖制种"、"栽培技术"、"基础理论"、"国外动态"、"新组合"和"简讯"等栏目。1来稿要求1.1"专题与综述"主要报道杂交水稻相关专业领域的最新进展或专题论述。论文内容必须是对某专     

《杂交水稻》投稿指南

<正>《杂交水稻》以广大从事杂交水稻研究、开发、经营、推广和生产各个环节的人员,包括大中专院校、科研机构、种子生产和经营部门、推广部门及生产单位的有关人员为主要读者对象。辟有"专题与综述""选育选配""繁殖制种""栽培技术""基础理论""国外动态""新组合"和"简讯"等栏目。1来稿要求1.1"专题与综述"主要报道杂交水稻相关专业领域的最新进展或专题论述。论文内容必须是对某专业     

《杂交水稻》投稿指南

<正>《杂交水稻》以广大从事杂交水稻研究、开发、经营、推广和生产各个环节的人员,包括大中专院校、科研机构、种子生产和经营部门、推广部门及生产单位的有关人员为主要读者对象,辟有"专题与综述""选育选配""繁殖制种""栽培技术""基础理论""国外动态""新组合"和"简讯"等栏目。1来稿要求1.1"专题与综述"主要报道杂交水稻相关专业领域的最新进展或专题论述。论文内容必须是对某专业     

《杂交水稻》投稿须知

<正>《杂交水稻》以广大从事杂交水稻研究、开发、经营、推广和生产各个环节的人员,包括大中专院校、科研机构、种子生产和经营部门、推广部门及生产单位的有关人员为主要读者对象。辟有"专题综述""基础研究""遗传育种""繁殖制种""栽培生理""产业经济""国外动态"和"简讯"等栏目。欢迎有关杂交水稻遗传育种、生理生态、生物技术、种子生产、种子营销、耕作栽培、病虫害防治等方面具有一定水平、未公开发表的专题综述、基础理论研究、应用技术研究、新成果、新材料、新技术、新方法等方面的稿件。文章要求数据可靠,论点明确,文字简练,有创新性和实用性,且具普遍指导意义。现将本刊各栏目的来稿要求及其撰稿规范和注意事项说明如下。     

俞正声:将就转基因农产品的机遇与风险等课题开展调研议政

<正>全国政协十二届三次会议今天下午在北京人民大会堂开幕。全国政协主席俞正声代表中国人民政治协商会议第十二届全国委员会常务委员会作工作报告。俞正声指出,把围绕制定国民经济和社会发展"十三五"规划议政建言作为全年履职重点,通过专题议政性常委会议等多种形式,努力提出具有前瞻性、战略性、针对性的意见建议。召开"深化行政审批制度改革"专题协商会。举办宏观经济形势分析座谈会,加强对新常态下经济运行的动态性、综合性研究,为党和     

咸安茶乡茶飘香

正本刊讯在今年的茶叶生产季节,湖北省咸安区农业局与咸宁电视台联合推出了一个专题节目——"掘起的茶乡"系列报到。这个节目共14期,每天在新闻里播放一期,每期4-5分钟,连续播放两个星期。这个专题新闻节目,宣传效果好,深受茶农和广大观众的欢迎。这个专题节目制作主要通过调查茶企,了解茶村;走进茶园,采访茶农;进入车间,察看加工等实地拍摄来完成。通过宣传一个企业,一个茶农,一个茶村,一个茶场,来弘扬咸安的茶文化,促进咸安茶产业的发展。先后拍摄了夫妻茶场黎首村,茶叶大王雷远林;规模发展黄荆塘,张加川的茶叶情;种茶能人张长川,制茶致富雷远印;百年品牌生甡     

《杂交水稻》投稿须知

<正>《杂交水稻》以广大从事杂交水稻研究、开发、经营、推广和生产各个环节的人员,包括大中专院校、科研机构、种子生产和经营部门、推广部门及生产单位的有关人员为主要读者对象。辟有"专题与综述""选育选配""繁殖制种""栽培技术""基础理论""国外动态"和"新组合"等栏目。欢迎有关杂交水稻遗传育种、繁殖制种、原种生产、种子营销与管理、示范推广、耕作栽培、病虫害防治、生理生态、生物技术、新组合介绍等方面具有一定水平、未公开发表的专题综述、基础理论研究、应用技术总结、高产经验、新技术、新方法介绍等方面的稿件。文章要求数据可靠,论点明确,文字简练,有创新性和实用性,且具普遍指导意义。现将本刊各栏目的来稿要求及其撰稿规范和注意事项说明如下。     

水稻研究所召开"2015年福建省重大专项" 杂交稻新品种现场观摩会

2016年9月28日,福建省农业科学院水稻研究所在三明市沙县召开2015年福建省重大专项——"粮食作物优质、高产、抗逆育种及关键技术研究"水稻专题"杂交稻新品种现场观摩会".     

Structure and performance of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bombyx mori</Emphasis> silk modified with nano-TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> and chitosan

Bombyx mori (B. mori) silk was modified with the nano-TiO₂ and chitosan dispersion system by the crosslinking reactions of citric acid (CA) and maleic anhydride (MA). The average size of the nano-TiO₂ particles in the aqueous dispersion system was 36.7 nm. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed that the nano-TiO₂ particles were spherical and homogeneously dispersed in the dispersion system, and the surface ofB. mori silk fiber treated with the nano-TiO₂ and chitosan dispersion system was rougher than that of the untreated one. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry indicated that the crystallinity of theB. mori silk fiber increased after treatment. It was also found that the nano-TiO₂ and chitosan contributed to significantly enhance the mechanical properties including breaking strength, breaking elongation, initial modulus, rupture work, and elastic recovery property of theB. mori silk fiber. The wrinkle-resistant performance of the treatedB. mori silk fabrics was also greatly improved.     

Launching the &quot;<Emphasis Type="Italic">Journal of Biomedical Discovery and Collaboration</Emphasis>&quot;

The Journal of Biomedical Discovery and Collaboration was created to provide, for the first time, a unified forum to consider all factors that affect scientific practice and scientific discovery – with an emphasis on the changing face of contemporary biomedical science. In this endeavor we are bringing together three different groups of scholars: a) laboratory investigators, who make the discoveries that are the currency of the scientific enterprise; b) computer science and informatics investigators, who devise tools for data analysis, mining, visualization and integration; and c) social scientists, including sociologists, historians, and philosophers, who study scientific practice, collaboration, and information needs. We will publish original research articles, case studies, focus pieces, reviews, and software articles. All articles in the Journal of Biomedical Discovery and Collaboration will be peer reviewed, published immediately upon acceptance, freely available online via open access, and archived in PubMed Central and other international full-text repositories.     

Preparation and application of an<Emphasis Type="Italic">s</Emphasis>-triazine-based novel<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-halamine biocide for antimicrobial fibers

N-halamines serve as important antimicrobial agents. Development of this class of compounds has been shown to provide benefits especially from a biocidal point of view. A novels-triazine-basedN-heterocycle, dichloro-m-aminophenyl-hydantoinyl-s-triazine (DAPHT), which could be rendered antimicrobial through exposure to diluted chlorine bleach, was synthesized and characterized by¹H NMR,¹³C NMR, and FT-IR. A finishing method was used to apply theN-halamine precursor onto cotton fabric, and the optimum conditions for finishing were investigated. The DAPHT-treated cotton fabric had durable antimicrobial properties up to 50 standard washing cycles and was rechargeable under normal laundry/bleaching conditions. The antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was demonstrated.     

Longevity and growth of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acacia tortilis</Emphasis>; insights from <Superscript>14</Superscript>C content and anatomy of wood

Background  

Acacia tortilis is a keystone species across arid ecosystems in Africa and the Middle East. Yet, its life-history, longevity and growth are poorly known, and consequently ongoing changes in tree populations cannot be managed in an appropriate manner. In other arid areas parenchymatic bands marking growth zones in the wood have made dendrochronological studies possible. The possibilities for using pre- and post-bomb ¹⁴C content in wood samples along with the presence of narrow marginal parenchymatic bands in the wood is therefore tested to gain further insight into the age, growth and growth conditions of A. tortilis in the hyper-arid Eastern Desert of Egypt.     

New Synthetic Glucosyl-Curcuminoids,and their <Superscript>1</Superscript>H and <Superscript>13</Superscript>C NMR Characterization,from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Curcuma longa</Emphasis> L.

Turmeric extracts, among which curcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin, are by far known for their therapeutic activities. In this study we propose easy and low cost synthetic pathways in order to obtain glucosyl-curcuminoids, safe and water soluble potential drugs and dyes, which may be implied in different fields ranging from pharmacology to food chemistry. The complete ¹H and ¹³C NMR characterization of naturally occurring curcumin, bis-demethoxycurcumin and new synthetic glucosyl-curcuminoids is reported.     

Significance of LMW-GS and HMW-GS for Dough Extensibility: «Addition» versus «Incorporation» Protocols

Low molecular weight (LMW-GS) and high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) were added to a base flour using both «addition» and «incorporation» protocols. «Incorporation» of glutenin subunits into the glutenin network of the base flour was performed by partial (reversible) reduction and subsequent reoxidation of the glutenin network in the presence of the added glutenin subunits whereas, in the «addition» protocol, glutenin subunits were added without reduction/oxidation. The effects of both «addition» and «incorporation» of alkylated and unalkylated LMW-GS and HMW-GS on dough extension parameters maximum resistance (MR) and extensibility (EX) were compared and thoroughly discussed. HMW-GS and LMW-GS had totally different effects on dough extensibility. «Addition» of LMW-GS significantly decreased both MR and EX whereas HMW-GS caused a significant increase in MR. «Incorporation» of LMW-GS caused a decrease in MR whereas HMW-GS clearly increased MR. The similarity in effects obtained with «addition» and «incorporation» of glutenin subunits indicated that, even with «addition», glutenin subunits can be partially incorporated into the glutenin network in the presence of oxygen. Alkylated and unalkylated glutenin subunits had different effects. This was probably caused by the effect of free sulphydryl groups in unalkylated subunits (possibility of SS/SH exchanges and/or incorporation) and/or the effect induced by introduction of alkylated derived substituents. A protocol for «incorporation with excess KIO₃» was developed to exclude the possible effect of a lowering of the available oxidant concentration by oxidation of free sulphydryl groups in glutenin subunits. However, the use of high levels of oxidant in the «incorporation with excess KIO₃» protocol seems to overrule the effects of added glutenin subunits or may force glutenin subunits to incorporate differently from what can be observed under gentle oxidation conditions. Therefore, «incorporation with excess KIO₃» is not suitable for studying the effects of incorporation of glutenin subunits on dough extensibility.     

Preparation of magnetic and conductive graphite nanoflakes/SrFe<Subscript>12</Subscript>O<Subscript>19</Subscript>/polythiophene nanofiber-nanocomposites and its radar absorbing application

This study, we synthesized graphite-nanoflakes (GNFs) by acid treatment and thermal shock and then using the ultrasonic irradiation technique to exfoliate flake-carbon. The SrFe₁₂O₁₉ nanoparticles (NPs) were coated by co-precipitate method on GNFs after by alkaline treatment. Finally nanocomposite (GNF/SrFe₁₂O₁₉/PTh) was prepared by in-situ oxidative polymerization method in presence of thiophene (Th) as monomer. The magnetic and electrical conducting properties of the resulting nanocomposites were measured by using vibrating sample magnetometer and standard four-point-probe method, respectively. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). In addition, morphological analyses were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A minimum reflection loss (RL) of GNFs/SrFe₁₂O₁₉/PTh with 50 % wt GNFs/SrFe₁₂O₁₉ as core were observed ?28 and ?39 dB at 9.7 and 12 GHz for a 1.5 mm thickness. The results indicated that we can perform good microwave shielding in X-band (8–12 GHz) by these nanocomposites.     

Fabrication and characterization of nano Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> filled PVA:NH<Subscript>4</Subscript>SCN electrolyte nanofibers by electrospinning

Present paper reports a method of preparing polymer composite electrolyte nanofiber mat using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), ammonium thiocynate (NH₄SCN) salt, and aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) nano particles based on electrospinning technique. Two-stage process of preparation of nanofibers, namely, preparation of nano particles filled PVA electrolyte gel solution followed by its electrospinning has been used. The so obtained nanofibers have been characterized by XRD, DSC, SEM, and Conductivity measurements. XRD patterns affirm the formation of nanocomposite while SEM pictures reveal formation of fibers on a nano scale format (300–800 nm). Fibers of the electrolytes are seen to be thermally stable. Ionic conductivity of electrolyte fiber is seen to improve in the presence of nano filler at room temperature with a maximum at 5.31×10⁻³ Scm⁻¹ for 4 wt% filler concentration, which is comparable to that for corresponding dried gel electrolyte films.     

Effect of organic,inorganic and slow-release urea fertilisers on CH<Subscript>4</Subscript> and N<Subscript>2</Subscript>O emissions from rice paddy fields

Vietnam is one of the world’s top two rice exporting countries. However, rice cultivation is the primary source of agriculture’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Vietnam. In particular, strategies are required to reduce GHG emissions associated with the application of organic and inorganic fertilisers. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of various combinations of biochar (BIOC), compost (COMP) and slow-release urea (SRU) on methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions. In total, 1170 gas samples were collected from closed gas chambers in rice paddies at Thinh Long commune and Rang Dong farm in northern Vietnam between June and October 2014. The gas samples were analysed for CH₄-C and N₂O-N fluxes using gas chromatography. The application of BIOC alone resulted in the lowest CH₄ emissions (4.8–59 mg C m^?2 h^?1) and lowest N₂O emissions (0.15–0.26 µg N m^?2 h^?1). The combined application of nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium (NPK) + COMP emitted the highest CH₄ (14–72 mg C m^?2 h^?1), while ½NPK + BIOC emitted the highest N₂O (1.03 µg N m^?2 h^?1 in the TL commune), but it was the second lowest (0.495 µg N m^?2 h^?1) in the RD farm. Green urea and orange urea reduced N₂O emissions significantly (p < 0.05) compared to white urea, but no significant differences were observed with respect to CH₄ emissions. SRU fertilisers and BIOC alone measured the lowest greenhouse gas intensity, i.e. <2.5 and 3 kg CO₂ eq. kg^?1 rice grain, respectively. Based on these results, application of fertilisers in the form of BIOC and/or orange or green urea could be a viable option to reduce both CH₄ and N₂O emissions from rice paddy soils.     

Antioxidant and Immunity Activity of Water Extract and Crude Polysaccharide from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ficus carica</Emphasis> L. Fruit

The antioxidative activities of water extract (WE) and crude hot-water soluble polysaccharide (PS) from Ficus carica L. fruit were investigated using various assays in vitro, including scavenging abilities on DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and reducing power. The immunity activities of PS were evaluated using the carbon clearance test and serum hemolysin analysis in mice. In addition, total phenolics and flavonoids contents were also determined. Both WE and PS have notable scavenging activities on DPPH with the EC₅₀ values of 0.72 and 0.61 mg/ml, respectively. The PS showed higher scavenging activity than WE on superoxide radical (EC₅₀, 0.95 mg/ml) and hydroxyl anion radical (scavenging rate 43.4% at concentration of 4 mg/ml). The PS (500 mg/kg) also has a significant increase in the clearance rate of carbon particles and serum hemolysin level of normal mice. The results indicate that both WE and PS might be applicable in healthy medicine and food industry.