辽宁省日光温室雪荷载分布

为了计算出近年辽宁省日光温室这种特殊几何屋面建筑所受的基本雪压及雪荷载分布情况,利用辽宁省30年冬季降水数据,使用矩法、耿贝尔参数估计方法对极值I型分布函数的参数进行估计,比较参数优良性指标,进而计算30年一遇最大降雪量及基本雪压,结合辽宁省日光温室结构特点,确定日光温室积雪分布系数,最终得出辽宁省各地区日光温室雪荷载分布。结果表明：辽宁省30年重复期实际基本雪压与建筑规范中基本雪压标准值差距较大;辽宁省日光温室雪荷载范围为0.28~0.79 kN/m2。其中,以鞍山、岫岩、本溪、沈阳等中部地区雪荷载最大,由此向东西南北4个方向雪荷载逐渐减小。     

Multi-objective Optimization of Water Quality Performance Considering THM in Water Distribution Systems

As for optimizing performance of chlorine and trihalomethane (THM) in water distribution systems, an expression measuring THM performance and a derivation of THM-I/O model were proposed. And a multi-objective optimization model considering maximizing level of chlorine performance, maximum level of THM performance and minimizing cost of chlorination was also established. Four factors, including bulk chlorine decay coefficient, coefficient of proportionality between THM and chlorine consumption, initial THM concentration in treated water and number of boosters, were evaluated to study their effects on Pareto front of the multi-objective optimization model. Chlorine decay and THM generation were simulated using EPANET_MSX. An improved non-dominated sorted genetic algorithm-Ⅱwith integer code was proposed to optimize the model, and Pareto fronts could be obtained under different conditions. Results show that with the decrease of bulk chlorine decay coefficient, cost of chlorination can be reduced and level of THM performance will be improved. Diminishing coefficient of proportionality between THM and chlorine consumption and initial THM concentration out of reservoir can both improve the level of THM performance, but can not affect the cost of chlorination. Increasing number of boosters can reduce dosage of chlorine, but booster station construction will increase total cost of chlorination. There-fore, reducing the bulk chlorine decay coefficient is the most economical and effective method.     

Topology Identification of Distribution Networks Based on Hierarchical Model

Traditional model of distribution networks mostly research the response of input excitation, by describing elements and connections of elements for distribution networks. When the states of vertexes in distribution networks have changed, the connections of elements transformation. Owning to the mutual couplings and branches of distribution networks, it is hard to achieve the global optimization for load balancing, reconfiguration and restoration after fault by nomograph. A new model based on hierarchical model is presented. This model can be employed to identify the zone and branches efficiently and offer a cogent topological analysis method for the global optimization. The test result shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Load Forecasting Based on BP ANN for Economical Operation of Electric Boiler with Heat Reservoir Under Time-sharing price

Along with the generalization of DSM and time-sharing price system, the use of electric boiler with heat reservoir becomes more and more extensive. Load forecasting of heat supply system is an important base in the study of economical operation of electric boiler with heat reservoir under time-sharing price. The BP ANN modeling of the load forecasting for a 1200 kW electric boiler is discussed. The result of hourly heat load forecasting accords well with the real heat load.     

新常态下城乡收入分配结构优化路径

为了适应经济新常态的需要,使严重失衡的城乡收入分配结构得以优化,通过对城乡收入分配结构现状、成因分析,找到劳动复杂程度、户籍歧视等是影响城乡收入结构失衡的主要因素,给出优化城乡收入分配结构路径:提高农村居民受教育水平,加快户籍改革取消农户及非农户限制,实施城乡社会保障一体化,加大农村基本建设财政支出力度,大力发展农村普惠金融等,从而提高农民收入。     

An Optimal Distribution Strategy for Dampers in Frame Structures

An optimal distribution strategy of the energy dissipation dampers installed in the bottom stories of frame structures was put forward based on dynamic characteristics of base-isolated system. Firstly, the number of stories was defined by calculating the ratio of site characteristic frequency ω and bottom isolation stories natural frequency ωn of energy dissipation structure. Then, with regard to storey drift permissible value, the quantity and installation positions of dampers were defined through several simple calculations. 2 sets of actual strong earthquake records and 1 set of artificial acceleration time-history curve for a 10 stories frame structure were selected to conduct the time-history analysis under frequently and rarely earthquakes by ETABS software and Perform-3D software. The results show that the dynamic characteristics of energy dissipation structure in which the dampers are installed in lower stories are similar to those of base-isolated system.     

Application of Combination Grey Model in Power Load Forecasting

Based on the gray forecast theory, this paper studies the principle and deficiency in power load forecasting by the basic grey model and other improved models, and introduces a new method -the combination grey model to forecast the long-medium power load. Based on an example, the basic grey model, other improved models and combination grey model are used to forecast power load and results of all models are analyzed and compared. The calculation results show that forecasting power load by grey theory is credible and simple. For this type of complex problems such as forecasting the long-medium power load, the combination grey model is specially useful because of it's high precision and facility. The method can be used as one of the tools of forecasting the long-medium power load.     

An Improved Learning Algorithm for BP Model and its Application to Load Forecasting in Power Systems

This paper analyses the cause of very slow learning rate during the time of ap-proaching the minim um poi nt in con vertional BP algorithm, by introducing weight factor into themodification of the connection weight,an improved leavning algorithm for BP model is presented,itcan sign ificantly in crease the learning rate and improve con vergent behaviour.As an illustrative ap-plication example,the n umeriCal resu It of the medium-term load forecasting is given.     

生鲜农产品冷链物流车辆配送路径优化研究

针对生鲜农产品易变质、易腐蚀的特性,探索冷链物流配送路径的优化方法。首先通过对固定成本、运输成本、货损成本、惩罚成本和能耗成本的研究,建立了以总成本最小为目标函数的农产品冷链物流车辆配送路径优化模型,然后采用改进的蚁群算法对模型进行设计,最后通过实例分析,运用MATLAB软件编写算法程序,求解结果验证了设计的模型的合理性和可行性。     

Multicriterion Optimization for Projection Data in Computerized Tomography

It is an effective way for improving quality of reconstructed images that projection data are optimized in the field of Computerized Tomography (CT). For lowering the fuzziness on projection data caused by lots of factors such as noise and getting the unigue optimal reconstructed image from noisy projection data further more, in this paper, the authors develop a new model named Multicriterion Optimization Model (MOP) for optimizing projection data. The model is structured based on the theories of fuzzy mathematics and decision making, via the method of deducing projection fuzzy exponent function and square error fuzzy exponent function. The experiments for validating the model have been carried out on personal computer (PC). At first, we make simulation collecting in the images presented and add Gauss Noise into the projection data obtained by simulation collecting, Then, complete the image reconstruction from noisy projection data by the solution without optimization and another solution with multicriterion optimization. Finally, compare and analysis the different results about images reconstructed by two different solutions. The experiment results indicate that the MOP in this paper has better consistency with the theory and practice as well as obvious advantage of antinoise ability.     

陕西省畜禽粪尿养分资源及耕地负荷分析

研究陕西省畜禽粪尿养分资源情况及其环境污染风险。基于统计年鉴及相关文献,估算畜禽粪尿随时间变化、区域分布和耕地负荷,系统分析畜禽粪尿环境污染现状。2009—2017年间,陕西省畜禽粪尿资源呈先增后降的变化趋势,2014年畜禽粪尿资源量和养分量分别是7118.36×10⁴、86.76×10⁴ t,为历年最大值。畜禽具有地域性特点,陕北、关中和陕南分别以羊、牛、猪养殖为主,全省畜禽粪尿负荷为22.36 t/hm²,氮、磷、钾养分负荷分别为111.59、58.56、104.22 kg/hm²,畜禽粪尿养分总量约为农用化肥施用量的35.63%。陕西省畜禽粪尿总体在环境承载力允许范围,杨凌示范区、安康市、汉中市、咸阳市和宝鸡市存在环境污染风险。榆林市、杨凌示范区、安康市、商洛市和汉中市畜禽粪尿养分资源替代化肥潜力大,合理利用能有效推动化肥使用量零增长。     

CFD Simulation of Air Distribution for Subway Island- platform

To provide gist of air distribution design for subway island-platform and appraise the blue print of air distribution design,a three-dimension model of typical island-platform was constructed.Then it got an appropriate temperature difference for the supply air to optimize the air conditioning system design for subway island-platform.The physical model was set up with standard turbulence.Based on factual heat and wet load,a boundary condition for the simulation was analyzed.The air flow of subway island-platform was simulated with Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD).The Simulated temperature fields were the same as the tested temperature fields.Then the Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation can simulate and forecast subway island-platform temperature fields accurately with standard model.Thus it can provide gist for air-conditional system design of subway island-platform.     

Effect of Sowing Season and Seeding Rate on the Morphological Traits and Yields in Pea Cultivars of Differing Leaf Types

Determination of optimal N-fertilization rates, N_OR , for crop production that minimize risk of environmental degradation require accurate application of a response model. Several models are available to describe crop yield response to N fertilization. The objective of this work was to compare the relative accuracy of a quadratic, f(N _Q), a modified Mitscherlich, and tanh( N ) models on 48 data sets. Data were collected from a Tara silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, frigid Pachic Udic Haploboroll) over a 6-year period using two maize ( Zea mays L.) hybrids and four tillage treatments, mouldboard plough, chisel plough, ridge tillage and no-tillage. In about one-third of the cases, all models performed about equally well. Generally, the tanh( N ) and modified Mitscherlich models gave better fit between N rate and grain yield data. The N_OR, ranged from about 140 to 170 kg ha⁻¹ for the modified Mitscherlich model, 136 to 184 kg ha⁻¹ for the tanh( N) function, and 124 to 173 kg ha⁻¹ using the f(N _Q) model. Estimated grain yields at these rates ranged between 6.58 ± 1.30 to 7.59 ± 1.69 Mg ha⁻¹ for the 90-day Minnesota maturity rated (MR) hybrid and between 7.52 ± 2.40 to 8.72 ± 1.70 Mg ha⁻¹ for the 95-day MR hybrid.     

Analysis of the Optimal Effect Radius of Regulator Station in Urban Gas Distribution Network with Medium Pressure

In urban gas network with multiple pressure ranges, there is an optimal effect radius, for which the annual calculating cost is minimal. According to the analysis of technology and economy about the gas supply with the medium pressure in urban gas transmission and distribution system, the optimal effect radius of regulator station in medium pressure gas network has been obtained.     

中部地区产业结构演变与经济增长关系研究

以1995-2009年统计数据为基础,利用偏离-份额分析法（SSM）重点探究了中部地区的产业结构演替与经济增长之间的关系,为各省调整产业结构、促进中部崛起提供理论指导。结果表明：1.中部地区产业结构变化总体与产业结构演进的一般规律相符。2.中部地区产业结构演替对经济发展的影响情况分为：江西和安徽产业结构偏离为负,竞争力偏离份额为负;山西和河南产业结构偏离为正,竞争力偏离份额为负;湖北和湖南产业结构偏离为负,竞争力偏离份额为正等3种类型。3.产业结构变迁对各省经济增长的影响差异较大。     

北京市蔬菜专业村产业集聚测度实证研究

以北京蔬菜专业村为研究对象,选取2012-2018年北京蔬菜专业村及蔬菜产业相关数据,运用区位商指数测算方法,从时间和空间两个层面对北京市蔬菜专业村产业集聚度进行测算;运用集中度指数测算方法,从专业村主导产业总产值和从业农户数两方面对集聚度进行测算.结果 显示,北京市蔬菜专业村出现了集聚现象,但存在不稳定上下波动的问题...     

基于村域范围的农村居民点布局评价与空间格局优化——以重庆石柱县临溪镇前进村为例

农村居民点布局的调整和格局的优化是新一轮土地利用总体规划的重要内容,对统筹城乡发展、增强区域经济等具有重要的作用,应用ARCGIS空间分析和统计功能技术以及景观指数的定量分析方法,以重庆市石柱县临溪镇前进村为研究区域,分析研究了在村域范围内农村居民点分布特征、居民点分布现状与该村自然、社会、经济等要素间的相互关系,并运用GIS多因素叠加模型,建立农村居民点空间格局优化。结果表明,前进村农村居民点的区位受坡度、河流、道路和耕作环境的综合影响,尤其道路指向更为紧密。前进村就居民点空间格局优化可分为优先发展区、重点发展、保留发展、搬迁区4种类型,该研究为科学指导农村居民点整理提供依据,具有一定的借鉴和扩展意义。     

Tomato leaf curl Bangladesh病毒完整基因组上微卫星分布

为了展示Tomato leaf curl Bangladesh病毒完整基因组上的微卫星分布特性。借助MATLAB软件、应用最优完全子图算法,提取并展示NCBI数据库中Tomato leaf curl Bangladesh病毒完整基因组(AF_188481.1)上的微卫星分布特性,计算1-碱基组至6-碱基组在完整基因组序列上重复出现的次数和位置,展示它们的分布规律(指数函数)。结果表明:Tomato leaf curl Bangladesh病毒完整基因组(AF_188481.1)上各种N-碱基组(N取1至6)最大的重复出现次数,随N按指数函数数减少;笔者提取和展示Tomato leaf curl Bangladesh病毒完整基因组序列微卫星分布特性(特别是微卫星各种N-碱基组重复出现的位置和次数)的方法,可以系统地运用到其他病毒完整基因组序列微卫星分布特性的提取和展示中,从而为有效利用微卫星分布特性研究完整基因组的结构和功能、遗传和变异规律提供完备、仔细的数据支撑。     

半山丘陵区居民地空间分布的特征及其优化分析

为了掌握半山丘陵区居民地空间分布的变化特征,对居民地布局进行优化,为居民地规划和整理的实施提供重要依据。以地处长白山系半山丘陵区的海林市为研究区,结合TM、DEM影像等相关资料,分别从海拔、坡度、坡向、交通、水源五方面对居民地的空间特征进行了定量分析,采用特尔斐法对选取的指标赋予权重并逐一打分,并根据研究区人口、经济,人文等情况,将研究区的居民点划分为搬迁型、保留型及发展型,并进行优化。结果表明,随着海拔、坡度的增加,居民点数量、面积逐渐减少,在北方地区坡向为正北向的居民点面积最少。交通、水源与居民点的空间分布具有显著相关性。根据优化方案确定搬迁型居民点148个,保留型居民点1632个,发展型居民点40个。