如何改善林业经济管理现状的对策

要想实现林业的经济化与产业化发展,需要加强对林业经济的科学化管理,不仅从思想上提高对林业管理工作的重视,更要转变林业管理的落后观念,相应的采取有效改进措施.     

柠条生物特性分析与产业化途径研究

通过对柠条的植物学、生物学特性及平茬复壮的研究,论述了柠条如何进行发展推广,提出了柠条进行产业化的有效途径,对促进我国北方地区林业产业的发展具有一定的作用.     

甘肃省农村对农机需求的特点分析

农机工业是为种植业、林业、畜牧业、农副业与渔业提供生产和加工设备的产业,它直接为现代农业发展提供装备及生产手段,对加快我国农业产业化和农业基础设施建设具有关键性作用。本文立足于甘肃省农村的现实,深入分析了当前该区域对农机的需求特点。     

当前农机市场需求的特点

农业机械工业是为种植业、林业、畜牧业、农村副业、与渔业提供生产和加工设备的产业,它直接为现代农业发展提供装备及生产手段,对加快农业产业化和农业基础设施建设的步伐具有关键作用。立足我国农村的现状,深入分析了我国农村对农机的需求特点。     

当前农机市场需求的特点

农业机械工业是为种植业、林业、畜牧业、农村副业、与渔业提供生产和加工设备的产业,它直接为现代农业发展提供装备及生产手段,对加快农业产业化和农业基础设施建设的步伐具有关键作用。立足我国农村的现状,深入分析了我国农村对农机的需求特点。     

发展林业产业化的战略构想

林业的根本出路在于产业化.林业的根本问题就是如何适应市场经济的需要，以市场为导向提高林业比较效益为中心，以龙头基地带动林业大户和林场为组织形式，优化组合各种林业生产要素，对区域性主导林业产业实行专业化生产、系列化管理、社会化服务，逐步形成种植、加工、产销、贸易、经济、科技一条龙的生产经营体系。     

浅析农机市场现状及农村对农机需求的特点

农业机械产业是为种植业、林业、畜牧业、农村副业与渔业提供生产和加工设备的产业,它直接为现代农业发展提供装备及生产措施保障,对加快我国农业产业化和农业基础设施建设的步伐具有关键性作用。     

关于建立我市农机服务产业体系的思考

１我市农机服务产业体系的现状和特点近几年来，随着社会主义经济体制的建立和产业化的进程，我市农机化服务逐步由主要从事加工业、运输业发展到种植业、养殖业、畜牧业、渔业、林业等生产领域，并开始向种植加工相结合、生产供销一体化发展，迸入了一个新的发展时期。...     

当前我国农村对农机需求特点分析

农业机械工业是生产农业机械,为种植业、林业、畜牧业、农村副业与渔业提供生产和加工设备的产业。它直接为现代农业发展提供装备及生产手段,对加快我国农业产业化和农业基础设施建设的步伐具有关键性作用。笔者立足我国农村的现实,深入分析了当前我国农村对农机的需求的特点。     

当前我国农村对农机需求特点分析

农业机械工业是生产农业机械,为种植业、林业、畜牧业、农村副业与渔业提供生产和加工设备的产业。它直接为现代农业发展提供装备及生产手段,对加快我国农业产业化和农业基础设施建设的步伐具有关键性作用。笔者立足我国农村的现实,深入分析了当前我国农村对农机的需求的特点。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。