多重PCR技术对沙门菌毒力因子检测

为了检验多重PCR技术在沙门菌毒力鉴定中的临床应用效果,评价沙门菌在陕西关中地区的流行情况,从该地区多家养殖场分离获得19株细菌,分别利用生化试验与小鼠攻毒试验和多重PCR技术鉴定和检验了沙门菌及其毒力。结果表明,多重PCR技术对分离沙门菌的鉴定结果和生化试验鉴定结果一致,符合率达100%;毒力质粒携带情况与小鼠攻毒结果一致;同时鉴定出陕西省多家养殖场中存在携带毒力基因菌株,值得关注其对畜禽养殖的潜在威胁。多重PCR技术能够快速、简便、灵敏度高和特异性强的鉴定沙门菌,并可鉴定出其毒力,可以用于致病性沙门菌的流行病学检测,值得在兽医临床和畜产品沙门菌污染的检测中推广应用。     

副猪嗜血杆菌毒力菌株和猪支气管败血波氏杆菌毒力菌株双重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立一种能同时检测副猪嗜血杆菌(Hps)毒力菌株和猪支气管败血波氏杆菌(Bb)毒力菌株快速、准确的诊断方法,依据毒力血清型Hps OMP P2和Bb DNT基因序列分别设计合成引物,通过优化反应条件,成功建立了同时检测Hps毒力菌株和Bb毒力菌株的双重PCR方法。本试验建立的双重PCR法特异性强,重复性好,最低可检测核酸质量浓度分别达到1.79×10-3 g/L及8.3×10-3 g/L。使用该方法对来自四川地区部分猪场的36份猪呼吸综合征(PRDC)病料进行检测,结果检出率分别是33.33%和5.56%,与单一PCR结果一致,但高于细菌分离鉴定的准确率。试验结果表明该方法具有临床实用性,为四川地区Hps和Bb的诊断和预防奠定基础。     

Virulence-associated trimeric autotransporters of Haemophilus parasuis are antigenic proteins expressed in vivo

Glässer’s disease is a re-emerging swine disease characterized by a severe septicaemia. Vaccination has been widely used to control the disease, although there is a lack of extended cross-protection. Trimeric autotransporters, a family of surface exposed proteins implicated in host-pathogen interactions, are good vaccine candidates. Members of this family have been described in Haemophilus parasuis and designated as virulence-associated trimeric autotransporters (VtaA). In this work, we produced 15 recombinant VtaA passenger domains and looked for the presence of antibodies directed against them in immune sera by immunoblotting. After infection with a subclinical dose of H. parasuis Nagasaki, an IgG mediated antibody response against 6 (VtaA1, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10) of the 13 VtaA of the Nagasaki strain was detected, indicating that they are expressed in vivo. IgA production against VtaA was detected in only one animal. VtaA were more likely to be late antigens when compared to early (Omp P5 and Omp P6) and late (YaeT) defined antigens. Antibody cross-reaction with two orthologs of Nagasaki’s VtaA5 and 6, VtaA15 and 16 of strain HP1319, was also detected. No antibodies against VtaA were detected in the sera of animals immunized with a bacterin of the Nagasaki strain, suggesting poor expression in the in vitro conditions used. Taken together, these results indicate that VtaA are good candidate immunogens that could be used to improve H. parasuis vaccines. However, their capacity to confer protective immunity needs to be further studied.     

副猪嗜血杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌和胸膜肺炎放线杆菌多重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

在已建立的副猪嗜血杆菌(HPS)、多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pm)、胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)的单重PCR检测方法的基础上,通过对扩增条件的优化,利用一次PCR反应可同时扩增出APP的256 bp、Pm的457 bp、HPS的822 bp的特异性片段,建立了HPS、Pm、APP的多重PCR实验室诊断方法。该复合PCR可检测60 pg的HPS、120 pg的Pm、50 pg的APP。利用该方法检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)阳性猪体内分离到的39株细菌,结果显示HPS、Pm、APP分别为12、16、2株,对39份病料的检测与常规细菌分离鉴定结果一致,可见该方法适用于HPS、APP、Pm的临床快速检测。     

猪链球菌的鉴定及其主要毒力基因的多重PCR检测

通过革兰氏染色镜检、生化试验及PCR鉴定,对分离的猪源链球菌进行初步研究.同时根据猪链球菌主要毒力因子基因Sly、MRP、EF的核苷酸序列,设计并合成了3对特异性引物,通过体系和条件优化,建立多重PCR检测方法,对实验菌株及阴性对照菌株进行检测分析.结果从不同地区分离到的30株猪源链球菌中,确认16株为猪链球菌.多重PCR检测结果显示,Sly检出率为5/16,MRP检出率为4/16,EF检出率为2/16,阴性对照菌株毒力因子检测结果均为阴性.分析结果表明,该多重PCR体系可用于猪链球菌毒力相关因子Sly、MRP、EF的基因检测,特异性和敏感性较好.     

副猪嗜血杆菌的分离鉴定

副猪嗜血杆菌(Hps)为猪呼吸道疾病综合征(PRDC)的重要病原之一。在对广西65个猪场281份病猪组织样品进行PRDC病原学调查的基础上,对PCR检测的Hps阳性样品进行了细菌分离,并进行了生化特性、药敏试验、16 S RNA基因片段序列分析和基因组DNA的PCR指纹图谱分析。结果显示,11份(3.91%)检测样品为Hps阳性,且均为混合感染;从南宁市四塘、桂林市永福、玉林市容县和钦州市浦北分离出5株Hps,分离菌株的生化鉴定结果均符合Hps生化特性,且对头孢噻呋和头孢菌素高度敏感;其中3株为血清5型,1株为血清12型,另1株未能定型;分离菌株16 S RNA基因片段之间及与GenBank其他一些代表菌株的核苷酸同源性在99%以上。     

2012～2014年江西地区副猪嗜血杆菌分离株ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析

在对15种副猪嗜血杆菌血清型参考株鉴定获得15种不同ERIC-PCR指纹的基础上,对2012~2014年分离自江西地区41株副猪嗜血杆菌临床分离菌株进行指纹鉴定。结果表明,41株副猪嗜血杆菌产生20种不同的指纹图谱,相同血清型的菌株表现出不同的指纹图谱,无法进行血清分型的副猪嗜血杆菌应用该方法可得到充分区分。该方法证实副猪嗜血杆菌ERIC-PCR指纹图谱存在丰富的多样性,可适用于副猪嗜血杆菌的快速基因分型及分子流行病学调查。     

副猪嗜血杆菌PCR检测方法的建立与初步应用

根据副猪嗜血杆菌16 S rRNA基因设计了一对引物,通过最佳条件摸索扩增出大小为821 bp的特异目的基因片段,建立了快速检测副猪嗜血杆茵的PCR方法,该方法最低检出量达10-3 ng,且对大肠埃希茵、金黄色葡萄球菌、传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌和巴氏杆茵等均无交叉反应.用该PCR方法从门诊送检的病料中检测出4株副猪嗜血杆菌,并对分离株SH0854P的PCR扩增产物进行测序与对比分析,其与已发表的GenBank中的相关菌株的同源性为97.3%～100%.     

副猪嗜血杆菌PCR检测方法的建立与应用

为了快速检测临床上副猪嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus parasuis,Hps)感染,根据Gen Bank中Hps的16S rRNA基因保守区序列,设计1对特异性引物,利用PCR方法检测Hps,并进行特异性、敏感性及临床检测。结果显示:PCR反应选择58℃为最适退火温度,0.5μL(20μmol/L)为最适引物量,模板浓度为7.2×10~(-6)μg/mL时即可扩增出814 bp特异性目的片段,与细菌分离结果一致。结果表明:该方法敏感、快速、特异,可用于临床上Hps感染的快速检测。     

副猪嗜血杆菌及巴氏杆菌双重荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

为建立副猪嗜血杆菌(Hps)、多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pm)的双重荧光定量PCR检测方法,本研究基于Hps的Omp P2基因,Pm的PlpE基因设计两对特异性引物及探针,通过对反应条件优化,建立了一种同时检测Hps及Pm的双重荧光定量PCR方法。该方法能够特异性地检测Hps和Pm,其对重组质粒标准品的最低检测浓度分别为5.60×10^2拷贝/μL、7.58×10^2拷贝/μL。双重与单一荧光定量PCR最低检测限相同,且均是常规PCR的100倍。重复性试验结果显示,该方法的组内和组间变异系数均小于2.5%。临床应用结果显示:该方法对阳性样品的检出率为53.57%,明显优于常规PCR和细菌分离鉴定。该方法能够用于两种疾病的同时检测和快速排查疾病。为两种疾病的防治提供有效检测工具。     

副猪嗜血杆菌Shandong2007株的分离与鉴定

对1例临床症状、病理剖检变化疑似副猪嗜血杆菌病的仔猪病料进行实验室诊断,进行了细菌形态观察、培养特性和生化特性等鉴定,根据副猪嗜血杆菌的16 S rRNA基因设计特异性引物进行PCR扩增,将822 bp片段连入T-载体后测序,再通过GenBank进行比对分析.生化试验结果为接触酶阳性,氧化酶和H2S阴性;生长需要NAD,发酵果糖、半乳糖和蔗糖等,不分解D-甘露醇和D-山梨醇.药敏试验显示,对氨苄青霉素、丁胺卡那霉素等药物敏感.PCR鉴定结果与国外副猪嗜血杆菌菌株16 S rRNA序列的同源性为99%以上,初步鉴定该分离菌株为副猪嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus parasuis,Hps).     

副猪嗜血杆菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验

对一例临床症状、病理剖检变化疑似副猪嗜血杆菌病的仔猪病料进行实验室诊断,进行了细菌培养特性和生化特性等鉴定,初步怀疑为副猪嗜血杆菌,根据副猪嗜血杆菌的16 S rRNA基因设计特异性引物进行PCR扩增鉴定,结果表明,分离菌为副猪嗜血杆菌.药敏试验显示,该分离菌对阿米卡星、头孢氨苄、新霉素高度敏感.     

Development of an improved species specific PCR test for detection of Haemophilus parasuis

A PCR test for identification of Haemophilus parasuis was optimized using the 16S rDNA sequences of the 15 serotype reference strains of H. parasuis. The test was evaluated on a collection of 218 Danish field isolates as well as on 81 representatives of 27 other species, including genetically affiliated species within Pasteurellaceae. In addition, DNA preparations from 56 H. parasuis isolates from North America were included. To obtain a test that was specific for H. parasuis, a multiplex PCR using 3 different primers was developed. The PCR test produced an amplicon of approximately 1090 bp only with representatives of H. parasuis. The test was further evaluated on 55 clinical samples from 16 Danish pigs suspected for being infected with H. parasuis, showing polyserositis or septicemia at autopsy as well as on 492 nasal swabs. The test was compared with the performance of a PCR test earlier published by Oliveira et al. [Oliveira, S., Galina, L., Pijoan, C., 2001. Development of a PCR test to diagnose Haemophilus parasuis infections. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 13, 495-501]. The sensitivity of the present PCR test was found to be slightly lower when applied on clinical samples from diseased pigs and 10-fold lower when tested on pure cultures of H. parasuis (5CFU and 0.5CFU/PCR reaction, respectively). Addition of 1.4 x 10(5) Escherichia coli to each PCR tube did not alter the sensitivity of the tests. No difference in sensitivity of the tests was observed when tested on purified DNA. On the other hand, the present PCR test was found to be 100% species specific for H. parasuis, in contrast to the PCR test of Oliveira et al., which also tested positive for strains belonging to A. indolicus, A. porcinus, and A. minor, species commonly occurring in the upper respiratory tract. However, when the PCR test of Oliveira et al. is used on samples from systemic locations the chances for false positive results are apparently low. The present PCR test represents a rapid and reliable method for genetically based identification of H. parasuis. The high species specificity of the test makes it suitable for detection of H. parasuis in clinical samples, regardless of the presence of affiliated species and contaminating flora. As the two PCR tests differ in sensitivity and specificity, the use of both PCR tests for different purposes is a possibility.     

副猪嗜血杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

副猪嗜血杆菌病又称为革拉瑟氏病,是由副猪嗜血杆菌引起的一种严重的全身性疾病,以纤维素性多发性浆膜炎、关节炎和脑膜炎为特征.近年来,全国各地都有关于副猪嗜血杆菌感染甚至是流行的报道,并且发病严重,死亡率高,造成巨大的经济损失.鉴于此,对地方菌株进行分离鉴定,显得十分必要.本试验首先从广东地区疑似患多发浆膜关节炎猪的病料中分离到4株疑似细菌,进行了细菌形态观察、培养特性和生化特鉴定,证实为副猪嗜血杆菌.药敏试验结果显示,分离菌株对头孢拉定、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星和菌必治等药物敏感.     

副猪嗜血杆菌流行优势菌株调查和耐药性分析

为调查研究河南规模化猪场副猪嗜血杆菌(HPS)流行优势菌株及其耐药性情况,2017-2018年从河南规模化猪场分离到30株HPS,根据菌株分离部位统计,肺脏、气管是HPS分离的首要组织部位,肺脏分离14株,占46.67%;气管分离11株,占36.67%。通过PCR分子血清型鉴定,河南流行的优势菌株为血清5,7,4型,其中血清型5型有9株,占30%;血清型7型有5株,占16.67%;血清型4型有4株,占13.33%。通过K-B纸片琼脂法药敏试验,30株分离菌株除对头孢噻呋100%敏感外,对其他17种常用抗生素都有不同程度的耐药现象,多重耐药现象突出,预防控制HPS病选药、用药方面更需慎重和规范。     

多重RT-PCR快速检测鉴别新城疫病毒强毒株和弱毒疫苗株方法的建立

根据新城疫病毒（NDV）基因结构的特点及强、弱毒株融合基因裂解位点的序列差异设计了4条引物，建立了一种可以快速鉴别NDV强毒株和弱毒疫苗株的多重PCR方法。检测结果显示，强毒株可以扩增出442bp的特异性片段和671bp的通用片段，弱毒疫苗株可以扩增出252bp的特异性片段和671bp的通用片段。该方法只需进行一次RT-PCR，整个过程可在数小时内完成。经敏感性测定，该方法最低能检测到100pg的NDV RNA。     

鸡毒支原体强弱毒株荧光定量PCR鉴别检测方法的建立

为建立一种能鉴别鸡毒支原体(MG)强、弱毒株的快速检测方法,本研究根据GenBank中MG强毒株和弱毒株的基因组序列,选取特异性保守区序列设计了2对引物和2奈探针,分别用于强弱毒株和弱毒株的检测,优化反应条件,建立了能区分MG强、弱毒株的荧光定量PCR检测方法.该法特异性强,对鸡常见呼吸道病原体的反应均为阴性;灵敏度高,可检测到100拷贝/μL的模板;稳定性好,批内和批间试验Ct值的变异系数小.本研究建立的MG强、弱毒鉴别检测方法简便、快捷,为该病的防控与净化提供新方法、新思路.     

副猪嗜血杆菌分离鉴定及药敏试验

副猪嗜血杆菌能够引起猪的多发性浆膜炎、关节炎和脑膜炎等,是影响猪的最重要细菌之一,目前在所有的主要养猪国家均有存在。为了弄清河南省副猪嗜血杆菌病流行情况,2012年-2015年,从河南不同地区猪场送检的疑似病料,进行副猪嗜血杆菌分离和鉴定,共分离到5株细菌,通过细菌形态观察、培养特征鉴定、生化试验、PCR检测,鉴定为副猪嗜血杆菌,分别命名为A6-fei、C3-xin、C12-xin、D2-fei和E1-fei。采用纸片扩散法,对分离5株副猪嗜血杆菌进行药敏试验,其结果表明所分离的5株副猪嗜血杆菌的药物敏感性不尽相同,各分离菌株对头孢噻肟、氟苯尼考星最敏感,对复方新诺明敏感性最差,其中菌株C3-xin对复方新诺明、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、青霉素完全耐药。表明副猪嗜血杆菌病在河南省依然存在,并且不同地区菌株对常用药物的敏感性各不相同,应当引起养猪场重视。     

Usefulness of PCR/RFLP and ERIC PCR techniques for epidemiological study of Haemophilus parasuis infections in pigs

Haemophilus parasuis belongs to opportunistic microorganisms of undefined virulence. The purpose of the studies was to compare suitability of PCR/RFLP in our modification and ERIC PCR for epidemiological study of domestic strains of H. parasuis. The results were evaluated taking into account two different aspects: suitability of the tests for isolating the highest possible number of clone groups and subjective evaluation of the method judged with respect to the following criteria: difficulty, availability of equipment and reagents as well as time and cost of the study. The results obtained in the present study show that the two methods used for typing of H. parasuis had high discriminatory power. Taking into account this parameter it can be concluded that ERIC PCR is more suitable than PCR/RFLP. This justifies the use of ERIC PCR for routine epidemiological analyses of mentioned pathogen. Taking into account the complexity of method used, ERIC-PCR based on random amplification of DNA, proved to be comparable to PCR/RFLP. The last mentioned technique is relatively less expensive and labour-consuming, especially when diagnostic PCR method is used for the epidemiological studies.     

牛产肠毒素大肠杆菌毒力因子多重PCR检测方法的建立

通过多重PCR扩增产肠毒素大肠杆菌（enterotoxigentic E.coli，ETEC）的毒力因子F41菌毛、K99菌毛和STa肠毒素的编码基因来检测和鉴定ETEC。试验中对影响PCR扩增的dNTP、Mg^2＋、引物浓度以及退火温度等因素进行优化，在优化条件的基础上，确定多重PCR的特异性和灵敏性，以此建立同时检测ETEC多个毒力因子的多重PCR方法。用该方法对分离于犊牛腹泻和犊牛肠毒血症的7株大肠杆菌进行检测，结果2株为F41、K99和STa阳性，4株为F41、STa阳性，1株为K99STa阳性。这与玻片凝集试验检测菌毛的结果一致。试验表明，该方法特异性强、敏感性高、简便、快速，适用于临床鉴定和检测牛ETEC菌株。