利用大豆分离蛋白制备胶粘剂

为了改善大豆胶黏剂的耐水胶合强度,采用表面活性剂θ改性大豆分离蛋白(SPI)制备胶粘剂,研究了配方及热压温度对大豆胶的胶合性能的影响,利用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)和傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)技术分别分析了大豆胶的热学性能和结构变化.结果表明:当SPI/水(质量比)为1/10、0的添加量为SPI的0.5wt%、热压温度为160℃时,胶粘剂表现出最佳的胶合强度;大豆胶胶合过程中主要的热反应在160℃以下完成;经表面活性剂θ处理后,胶粘剂结构中的O-H和N-H键减少,大豆基胶黏剂的耐水胶合强度得到明显改善.     

戊二醛改性提高大豆胶粘剂耐水性能

以脱脂大豆粉(SF)为原料,选用十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和戊二醛(GA)作为改性试剂,制备出具有较好耐水性能的木材用胶粘剂,并应用于杨木胶合板,分别研究了pH值、戊二醛用量、反应时间以及最终改性胶粘剂贮存时间对耐水胶合性能及表观粘度的影响,并采用十二烷基硫酸钠.聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和傅屯叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)分析手段探讨了改性胶粘剂耐水性能增强机理.结果表明:较佳合成工艺为:pH值为12.0,GA添加量0.80wt%(基于脱脂豆粉质量),反应时间1.0 h,反应温度30.0℃.按照GB/T 9846-2004胶合板中Ⅱ类板标准检测,耐水胶合强度可达0.68MPa.SDS-PAGE谱图说明蛋白质分子间形成化学键交联,FT-IR分析表明有环状吡啶结构生成,这些可能是改性胶粘剂耐水性能提高的原因.     

共聚改性大豆蛋白制备胶粘剂的研究

采用改性剂MF处理大豆蛋白(SPI),用马来酸酐(MA)接枝改性后,与苯乙烯(St)发生共聚制备胶粘剂,研究了配方及反应温度对胶粘剂耐水胶接强度及粘度的影响。增加SPI的用量,胶粘剂的粘度将逐渐增大,耐水胶合强度起初增加迅速,之后增加趋势变缓;增加改性剂的用量,胶粘剂粘度与耐水胶合强度都呈先下降后上升趋势;当MA用量为1.5 g时,胶粘剂的粘度最小,而用量为4.5 g时,胶粘剂的粘度最大,随着MA用量的增加,胶粘剂耐水胶合强度先上升而后大幅下降;St用量对胶粘剂粘度的影响较复杂,但耐水胶合强度却随着St用量的增加先上升后下降,当St用量为20 mL时,耐水胶合强度达到最大值2.78 MPa;当引发剂的量为0.05 g(1mL苯乙烯)时,胶粘剂的耐水胶合强度出现最大值2.79 MPa,且此时粘度仅为12 MPa.S,对施胶影响不大。最终确定最佳反应条件为:SPI 15 g、MF6.5%(相对于SPI)、MA 3.0 g,St 20 mL,引发剂0.05 g(1 mL St用量),反应温度70°C。     

纳米微粒对大豆蛋白胶粘剂性能的影响

以大豆分离蛋白为原料,研究纳米微粒对大豆蛋白胶粘剂的干态胶接强度、耐水强度及防腐性能的影响。添加纳米TiO2、SiO2、Al2O3均可提高大豆蛋白胶粘剂的干态胶接强度、耐水强度及防腐性能,其中添加纳米Al2O3对提高胶接强度、耐水强度效果最好,最佳添加量为0.8%;添加纳米TiO2对提高防腐效果最好,最佳添加量为0.8%。并用扫描电镜分析了大豆蛋白基纳米复合胶粘剂的微观形貌。     

环氧树脂改性大豆基木材胶粘剂的制备与表征

以表面活性剂AD改性大豆分离蛋白(SPI),然后与马来酸酐(MA)接枝后,再与环氧树脂(EPR)共混制备胶粘剂,采用L9(34)正交试验设计,探讨SPI、AD、MA及EPR用量对胶粘剂胶合性能的影响,并采用红外光谱及示差扫描量热仪探讨了SPI胶粘剂的胶粘机理。结果表明:最优工艺条件为每150 g溶剂水中,SPI用量15 g、AD用量为SPI的2.5wt%、MA1.5 g、EPR15 g;红外光谱和热性能分析表明SPI和EPR之间发生了化学反应。     

大豆基胶黏剂改性的研究进展

大豆蛋白的凝胶性能够使大豆分离蛋白具有较高的粘度、可塑性和弹性,由大豆分离蛋白形成的胶黏剂不会释放甲醛等有害气体,是高环保型胶黏剂.但是普通大豆胶黏剂耐水性差、胶合强度低,而且耐腐蚀性差、易于生物降解,所以需要进行改性处理以期提高耐水性以及胶合强度.常用改性方法包括:物理改性、化学改性、仿生改性、酶改性等,通过对大豆蛋白改性处理方法的归纳,介绍了大豆胶的最新研究动态,以及国内外大豆胶改性的先进技术,从而总结出适宜的改性方法,为实际的生产与应用提供依据.     

大豆基木材胶粘剂改性研究的进展

介绍了大豆基木材胶粘剂的特性及发展状况，分析了大豆基木材胶粘剂性能缺陷的原因和改性原理，综合叙述了国内外改性大豆基木材胶粘剂的研究现状及存在问题，并介绍了几种改性过程中所采用的仪器分析方法。大豆来源丰富，无毒环保，大豆蛋白改性技术的发展将使其制成符合木材工业需求的高性能胶粘剂成为可能。     

木材工业用大豆蛋白胶粘剂研究与应用现状

随着木材工业持续快速发展和化石资源的日益枯竭,寻找绿色环保、可再生的木材用胶粘剂已经成木材工业面临的重大课题。从大豆蛋白胶粘剂的产生、发展,大豆蛋白的结构、特性、耐水改性机理、改性方法等几个方面,综述了近年来木材用大豆蛋白胶粘剂的研究进展和发展趋势。     

大豆蛋白乳液胶粘剂改性的研究

由于以石化原料合成的胶粘剂在生产和使用过程中会对环境带来不良影响,近年来采用可再生资源,如大豆蛋白合成环保胶粘剂已成为趋势.以尿素和亚硫酸钠改性大豆蛋白,与醋酸乙烯酯等复合单体在过硫酸铵引发下进行接枝共聚,合成了醋酸乙烯醣一大豆蛋白接枝共聚乳液胶粘剂.并通过金属盐、聚合物树脂、异氰酸酯、偶联剂与乳液共混改性的方法,研究了不同改性剂对乳液胶粘剂性能的影响.结果表明:采用金属盐改性制备的乳液胶粘剂具有良好的综合性能;异氰酸酯则应溶解于适当溶剂或使用其加成产物,以延长胶粘剂的适用期.     

甲醇联合改性大豆蛋白胶黏剂的研究

以甲醇、十二烷基磺酸钠、尿素为原料,研究了它们对大豆分离蛋白改性后胶黏性的改观作用。结果表明:随着甲醇含量的增加胶合强度先增后减,当甲醇含量占总体质量分数15%时胶合强度最好。取该条件下的大豆蛋白胶黏剂进行有关反应次序的对比试验。研究表明其部分干态胶合强度略有下降,湿态胶合强度有提升,且反应次序为SDS、甲醇、尿素所得的胶黏剂胶合强度达到最优。DSC、SEM图像和IR图像分析结果说明经此方法改性后的蛋白质展现出更多的二级结构从而大幅度的提升了其胶粘性,与此同时改性后的大豆蛋白玻璃化转化温度降低,从而降低了热压温度,说明经甲醇联合改性后的大豆蛋白胶黏剂不但能更加适应规模化的工业生产还可以节约资源。     

Upgrading of recycled paper with oil palm fiber soda pulp

Recycled fibers, in comparison to its virgin counterpart, generally have reduced conformability and interfiber bonding capability due to irreversible hardening or hornification of these fibers. The extent and reversibility of the reduction is dependent on the original pulp type and on the papermaking process. Various methods are used to recover the lost potentials of the recycled pulp such as mechanical beating, use of chemical additives, physical fractionation and blending; the latter being the subject of this study using oil palm fiber virgin soda pulp as the upgrading strength material. With as little as 20% addition of virgin unbeaten pulp and considerably lesser amount of ca. 10% of beaten virgin pulp is sufficient to completely restore the strength of the recycled paper. The major mechanism of strength improvement is probably due to increase of interfiber bonding as a result of substitution of inactive secondary fibers with active virgin fibers.     

酒石酸酰化改性制备低固体含量大豆蛋白胶黏剂的研究

以L-酒石酸和乙酰氯在极少量磷酸做催化剂的条件下制备二乙酰基酒石酸,之后将二乙酰基酒石酸溶于乙醇中制备改性剂,加入到制备好的p H10.50~10.90低浓度大豆分离蛋白预处理液中,制备胶黏剂。测试胶黏剂的固体物含量、DSC、胶合强度以及胶黏剂横切面。结果表明:p H10.7~10.8时,200 m L大豆分离蛋白预处理液中加入0.4 g二乙酰基酒石酸和10 m L无水乙醇制备的改性剂,最终得到的胶黏剂有良好的耐水性,胶合强度2 MPa,远超过国家对Ⅱ类胶合板胶合强度的要求(≥0.7 MPa)。     

Effects of binder fibers and bonding processes on PET hollow fiber nonwovens for automotive cushion materials

In this study, nonwoven fabrics were developed for the replacement of polyurethane foams in car interiors, in particular, cushioning materials for car seats. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) hollow fibers and two types of bicomponent binder fibers were used to manufacture automotive nonwovens by carding processes and then post-bonding processes, such as needle punching or thermal bonding. The physical and mechanical properties of nonwovens were thoroughly investigated with respect to the effects of binder fibers and bonding processes. The tensile strength and elongation for nonwovens were found to be significantly improved by combined needle punching and thermal bonding processes. In addition, the nonwoven cushioning materials were characterized in terms of hardness, support factors, and compressive and ball rebound resilience. The nonwovens showed greater hardness than the flexible PU foam. However, support factors over 2.8 for the nonwovens indicated improved seating comfort, along with better seating characteristics of greater resilience and air permeability in comparison with the PU foam.     

Surface modification and interfacial properties of polysulfonamide fiber treated by air plasma

The surface of polysulfonamide (PSA) fiber was modified by air plasma to improve its wettability and interfacial bonding performance. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the fiber were then evaluated with fieldemission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS). Moreover, the wettability and interfacial bonding performance of fiber before and after air plasma treatment were examined by water absorption time and interfacial shear strength (IFSS). FESEM observation confirmed that PSA fiber surface roughened with prolonged treatment duration. XPS analysis showed that the O/C atomic ratio on the PSA fiber surface can be increased from 19.69 % to 38.59 % after 3 min of treatment. Water absorption time dropped from as much as 400 s to about 0 s, indicating that the wettability of the fiber greatly improved. Under the experimental conditions of 40 Pa pressure, 100 W power, and 3 min treatment duration, IFSS increased by 57.01 %, and the interfacial bonding performance of fiber greatly improved.     

Preparation and properties of waterborne poly(urethane-urea) ionomers effect of the type of neutralizing agent

A series of waterborne poly(urethane-urea) anionomers were prepared from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polycaprolactone diol (PCL), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), ethylene diamine (EDA), and triethylamine (TEA), NaOH, or Cu(COOCH₃)₂ as neutralizing agent. This study was performed to decide the effect of neutralizing agent type on the particle size, viscosity, hydrogen bonding index, adhesive strength, antistaticity, antibacterial and mechanical properties. The particle size of the dispersions decreased in the following order: TEA based samples (T-sample), NaOH based samples(N-sample), and Cu(COOCH₃)₂ based sample (C-sample). The viscosity of the dispersions increased in the order of C-sample, N-sample, and T-sample. Metal salt based film samples (N and C-sample) had much higher antistaticity than TEA based sample. By infrared spectroscopy, it was found that the hydrogen bonding index (or fraction) of samples decreased in the order of T-sample, N-sample, and C-sample. The adhesive strength and tensile modulus/strength decreased in the order of T-sample, N-sample, and C-sample. The C-sample had strong antibacterial halo, however, T- and N-samples did not.     

The effect of gelation and curing temperatures on mechanical properties of pultruded kenaf fibre reinforced vinyl ester composites

Process parameters such as gelation and curing temperatures are parameters that influence the pultruded kenaf reinforced vinyl ester composites profile quality and performance. The effect of gelation and curing temperatures on mechanical (tensile, flexural and compression properties) and morphological properties of pultruded kenaf reinforced vinyl ester composites were analyzed. Obtained results indicated that increase of gelation and curing temperatures during the pultrusion process of kenaf reinforced vinyl ester composites influenced the mechanical properties of the composites. When the gelation and curing temperatures were increased, tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus and compressive strength were affected and they were either increased or decreased. The factors that influenced these results include improper curing, excessive curing, water diffusion, and the problems associated with interfacial bonding between fibre and matrices. The optimum values of the tensile strength for gelation and curing temperatures of kenaf pultruded composites were at 100 °C and 140 °C, tensile modulus at 80 °C and 180 °C, flexural strength at 100 ° and 140 °, flexural modulus at 120 ° and 180 °, and compressive strength at 120 °C and 180 °C, respectively. The scanning electron micrographs of tensile fractured samples clearly show that with the increase in gelation temperature, it creates the lumens between matrix and kenaf fibre thus reducing tensile properties whereas increasing the curing temperature caused less fibre pull out and enhanced fibre/matrix interfacial bonding.