抗α-INF抗体的高效制备与鉴定

用人抑制素α亚基 (1 2 6 )Gly·Tyr与KLH连接作免疫原 2 0mg ,免疫本地良种母鸡 ,旨在获得大量抗抑制素抗体。用间接ELISA法测定表明 :经免疫 ,母鸡的血清、卵黄中有大量的高效价抗体。综合运用pH值、非球蛋白沉淀法和球蛋白沉淀法 ,制得经纯化的抑制素抗体 2 5 6 40mL。采用阻断ELISA法和大鼠子宫、卵巢增重试验 ,证实所获得的抑制素抗体具有高度的特异性。可以用鸡做生物反应器大量高效生产抗抑制素抗体     

免疫卵黄特异性阻断家蚕浓核病感染的研究

用家蚕浓核病病原(Bombyxmoridensonucleosisvirus,BmDNV)免疫蛋鸡收集的卵黄,通过体外中和与体内中和生物试验测定鸡免疫卵黄对DNV的防治效果。结果表明,免疫的鸡卵黄能特异性阻断DNV感染家蚕,达到预防的目的,而非免疫卵黄未表现有阻断作用。结果提示:鸡免疫卵黄中含有抗DNV的有效抗体。     

牛卵泡抑制素抗体对小白鼠和大白鼠卵巢与子宫的作用

从用牛卵泡抑制素α－亚基片段免疫过的健康鸡所产蛋的卵黄液中提取抗体。得粗提物：然后用不同剂量的粗提物被动免疫２０只性成熟小白鼠和２０只发情周期大白鼠。并以生理盐水处理作为对照。结果发现,小白鼠用０．３ｍｌ抗体处理后,卵巢与子宫增重显著高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。大白鼠用０．６ｍｌ抗体处理后,卵泡平均数显著高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。这些结果表明,牛卵泡抑制素抗体被动免疫对小白鼠和大白鼠的子宫和卵泡     

免疫卵黄液特异性阻断家蚕质型多角体病毒感染的探索研究

用家蚕质型多角体病毒病病原(CPV)为抗原免疫蛋鸡,对收集的卵黄液开展了体外中和和体内中和生物试验、不同免疫次数的卵黄液的阻断效果试验等,测定免疫卵黄液对CPV的防治效果。结果表明,免疫的鸡卵黄能特异性阻断CPV感染家蚕,达到预防发病的目的,而非免疫卵黄未表现有阻断作用。结果提示,本研究获得的的鸡免疫卵黄中含有抗CPV的有效抗体。     

鸡抗犬瘟热病毒高免卵黄抗体最佳免疫程序及检测方法的筛选

为了获得高效价鸡抗犬瘟热病毒高免卵黄抗体,试验通过设计免疫程序免疫试验蛋鸡和筛选的卵黄抗体效价检测方法对氯仿法提取的卵黄抗体液进行鸡抗犬瘟热卵黄抗体效价检测并比较,筛选鸡抗犬瘟热病毒高免卵黄抗体最佳免疫程序,并作无菌与保存条件的探讨。结果表明:血凝及血凝抑制试验可作为鸡抗犬瘟热卵黄抗体效价的检测方法;按照基础免疫、加强免疫、强化免疫均间隔9 d,免疫剂量分别为1 m L/次、2 m L/次、3 m L/次的免疫程序能获得1∶512的鸡抗犬瘟热病毒卵黄抗体血凝抑制效价,为此次探讨的鸡抗犬瘟热病毒高免卵黄抗体最佳免疫程序,-20℃保存温度适合长期保存氯仿法粗提的鸡抗犬瘟热病毒卵黄抗体液。     

从免疫母鸡的卵黄中分离提纯IgG

在免疫学领域中广泛使用的抗体大都是靠免疫动物制备抗血清而获得。常用兔、豚鼠,有时也用山羊、绵羊、马制备抗血清,但动物小所得的血清量有限,动物大饲养管理又较麻烦。近年来的研究表明,禽类对抗原的体液免疫应答和细胞免疫应答都是高水平的。与哺乳动物的初乳一样,禽类的卵黄为新生动物提供大量抗体,从而使新生动物获得被动免疫,研究还表明转移到卵黄中的抗体主     

卵黄抗体在猪生产中的应用

卵黄抗体(IgY)是蛋鸡受特定抗原刺激后体内产生的特异性并被转移和贮存在卵黄中的免疫球蛋白。用鸡卵黄大量生产和制备多克隆抗体是近年来抗体制备技术中新兴的研究领域。介绍了IgY的结构和进入卵黄的机制,综述了免疫鸡卵黄抗体在猪生产中的应用及其制备技术的研究进展。     

卵黄抗体制备及在畜牧业中的应用

抗体是人和动物机体产生的抗感染物质，是机体在漫长演化过程中形成的对付病原菌入侵的最有效天然保护机制。卵黄抗体，是指从免疫禽蛋中提取出的针对特定抗原的抗体。当用某种抗原免疫产蛋母鸡时，母鸡经免疫应答后，可从其不断产出的鸡卵黄中得到大量均一高效的卵黄抗体IgY。卵黄抗体是特异性抗体最方便、最廉价的来源。     

卵黄抗体IgY在猪生产中的应用

卵黄抗体(YolkImmunoglobulin,IgY)是蛋鸡受特定抗原刺激后体内会产生特异性并被转移和贮存在卵黄中的免疫球蛋白。用鸡卵黄大量生产和制备多克隆抗体是近年来抗体制备技术中新兴的研究领域。IgY可作为替代抗生素的新型绿色饲料添加剂。本文就免疫鸡卵黄抗体在猪生产中的应用作一综述。     

免疫或人工感染鸡副嗜血杆菌发生的血清学应答

免疫或人工感染鸡副嗜血杆菌(Hpg)血清变异型A或C的鸡发生的血清学应答可用特异性的血球凝集(HA)抗原和普通的HA抗原进行检查。免疫或人工感染Hpg血清变异型A的鸡能产生针对Hpg血清变异型的特异性的HA抗原和Hpg普通的HA抗原的血凝抑制(HI)抗体;大部分鸡用血清变异型C免疫后第3周能检出两种HA抗原型的HI抗体,以后滴度逐渐下降;大多数鸡人工感染血清变异型C只产生对普通HA抗原的HI抗体,很少的鸡产生对血清变异型的特异性的HA抗原的HI抗体。     

犬瘟热病毒免疫蛋鸡血清抗体与卵黄抗体消长规律的研究

试验旨在了解产蛋鸡对犬瘟热病毒(canine distemper virus,CDV)抗原的免疫反应及其血清抗体和卵黄抗体的消长规律,为制备卵黄抗体提供依据。将CDV接种Vero细胞和DF1细胞进行传代并测定其病毒滴度,选取细胞病变出现早、病毒滴度高的Vero细胞毒作为接种病毒抗原免疫蛋鸡。每10 d免疫蛋鸡1次,第4次免疫后每30 d加强免疫1次。免疫前及免疫后每10 d采血分离血清,每5 d收集鸡蛋提取卵黄抗体,用琼脂扩散法和间接ELISA法测定其抗体水平。结果显示,血清抗体比卵黄抗体的滴度高,两者呈正相关性,卵黄抗体出现较血清抗体迟3~5 d,卵黄抗体在第3次免疫后3~5 d就已达到较高水平,此时即可开始收集鸡蛋制备卵黄抗体。     

CDV免疫蛋鸡血清抗体与卵黄抗体的消长规律及其相关性分析

为了解产蛋鸡对犬瘟热病毒杭原的免疫反应及其血清抗体和卵黄抗体的消长规律及相关性,为制备卵黄抗体提供依据,将犬瘟热病毒接种Vero细胞和DF1细胞进行传代并测定其病毒滴度,选取细胞病变出现早,病毒滴度高的Vero细胞毒作为接种病毒抗原免疫蛋鸡。通过每10d进行蛋鸡免疫一次,四免后每30d加强免疫一次的方法进行免疫。免疫前和免疫后每10d采血分离血清和每5d收集鸡蛋提取卵黄抗体,用琼脂扩散法和间接ELISA法测定其抗体水平。结果显示,血清抗体比卵黄抗体的滴度高,两者间呈正相关性,卵黄抗体出现较血清抗体迟3～5d,卵黄抗体在三免后3～5d就已达到较高水平,此时即可开始收集鸡蛋制备卵黄抗体。     

Neutralizing antibodies to CELO and avian adenovirus-associated viruses in the albumen of chicken eggs

Neutralizing antibodies to CELO virus and to avian adenovirus-associated virus (A-AV) were detected in the albumen of eggs from four hens inoculated with these viruses. The antibody concentrations of serum, yolk, and albumen were determined before inoculation and at various times postinoculation (PI) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and virus-neutralization (VN) tests. The antibody concentration in albumen was 0.3% to 1.0% of that detected in serum and yolk. Uninoculated hens showed no detectable antibody in serum, yolk, or albumen. It is suggested that the presence of antibody in the egg albumen may play a role in egg-transmission of viruses.     

Comparison of egg-yolk and serum antibody titers to four avian viruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using paired field samples

Eggs and blood were collected from 11 hens in each of nine broiler-breeder flocks in Quebec. Serum and egg-yolk extracts were assayed for antibody titers to infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and reovirus (RV) by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Comparison was made between egg-yolk and serum antibody titers by a regression analysis. A high correlation was observed between serum and yolk antibody titers to all the viruses tested (r = 0.9 for IBDV, 0.84 for IBV, 0.84 for NDV, and 0.91 for RV). Antibody monitoring of commercial breeder flocks using egg yolk instead of serum with commercial ELISA plates is thus feasible and is recommended.     

Diagnostic utility of egg yolk for the detection of avian metapneumovirus antibodies in laying hens

Surveillance and diagnosis of avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) infection typically involve measurement of serum antibodies. In the current study, eggs instead of serum samples were used for the detection of AMPV antibodies in egg-laying chicken hens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). AMPV-free commercial layer hens were experimentally challenged with AMPV strain SC1509 through intravenous or oculonasal administration. Antibody levels were determined by ELISA. AMPV antibodies were detected in egg yolks from challenged hens by 7 days postinoculation (dpi), with the peak titer at 16 dpi. Antibody levels in eggs laid at 28 dpi correlated well (r = 0.93) with sera taken 28 dpi from the same hens. In a field trial of the yolk ELISA, six broiler breeder farms were surveyed, and all tested positive for AMPV antibodies in hen eggs, although positivity varied from farm to farm. Abnormal discolored eggs collected from outbreak farms had significantly higher titers of AMPV yolk antibodies than normal eggs from the same farm, unlike clinically healthy farms, where normal and abnormal eggs had similar antibody titers. These results indicate that diagnosis of AMPV infection by yolk ELISA to detect anti-AMPV antibodies may be a suitable alternative to serologic testing.     

Immune responses in chickens against Salmonella typhimurium monitored with egg antibodies

Three mature hens were immunized with an Aro- mutant of Salmonella typhimurium beginning with a subcutaneous dose in adjuvant followed by two oral boosters. Isotype-specific antibodies were measured in the white and yolk eggs collected weekly over a period of 230 days. Two hens showed a memory response to the first oral booster, with large increases in egg yolk IgG and smaller increases in IgA and IgM antibodies in egg whites. Smaller amounts of IgA and IgM antibodies were found in egg yolks, and a slight increase in IgG occurred in the whites. One hen showed an increase in serum titers of all isotypes against S. typhimurium. The second hen had high serum titers before immunization was started which did not change. The third hen had a high level of IgM in the white of eggs before immunization was started. This hen showed erratic responses in egg white antibodies following immunization, no increase in IgA or IgM in yolks and only a slight increase in IgG, no increase in serum IgG, and was the only hen with a high level of IgM antibody against S. typhimurium in the bile, conditions reflecting a state of oral tolerance. With the exception of this hen, the results showed that IgA and IgM antibodies were aroused in hens by immunization with an avirulent mutant of S. typhimurium, and that these antibodies were present in the white of eggs from immunized hens.     

~(60)Co射线对高免卵黄液中霉形体杀灭作用的研究

用60Co射线处理高免卵黄液,研究了不同剂量、剂量率对霉形体的灭活效果和对卵黄抗体的影响。结果表明,60Co射线可以完全杀灭高免卵黄液中的霉形体,霉形体在卵黄液中的灭活剂量为6.0kGy;10.0kGy以下的辐照剂量不影响卵黄液中蛋白质含量、pH值和活性氧自由基,同时不影响抗体效价。     

牛乳铁蛋白卵黄抗体的制备及纯化方法的建立

通过自制并初步纯化牛乳铁蛋白的卵黄抗体,用肌肉和皮下注射结合的方法罗曼蛋鸡进行免疫来制备多克隆抗体。选用150日龄的罗曼蛋鸡4只进行不同浓度的多次皮下免疫注射,采集卵黄抗体并用硫酸铵沉淀法进行抗体的初步纯化,经四次免疫后的罗曼蛋鸡卵黄抗体的效价分别达到了1：32000和1：24000,并在较高水平的情况下维持两周以上,同时经初步纯化后抗体纯度得到了很大提高。试验结果显示肌肉和皮下注射结合的方法对罗曼蛋鸡进行免疫来制备多克隆抗体是可行的,同时通过硫酸铵沉淀法纯化抗体可以达到试验的需求。     

黄粉虫、小麦胚芽对初产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和抗氧化机能的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加黄粉虫、小麦胚芽对初产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄和血清抗氧化指标的影响.选用20周龄产蛋率基本一致且健康的京红蛋鸡560只,随机分为7组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸡;采用双因子试验设计,3个黄粉虫水平(0.5％、1.0％、2.0％)×2个小麦胚芽水平(1％、2％).试验期为8周,其中预试期1周...