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沙子岭猪肉质性状与肉的成分测定 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
结合沙子岭猪肥育试验,在屠宰测定时分别取样测定了高低营养水平组的肉质、肉的化学成分、肌肉中氨基酸含量及肌纤维特性。结果表明,所测的各项指标(肉质性状6个、化学成分4项、氨基酸15种、肌纤维2项),高低营养水平组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。与其它猪种比较发现,沙子岭猪具有pH值适宜、肉色鲜红(正常)、系水力高、熟肉率高、贮存损失少、肌纤维细、肌内脂肪含量适中、氨基酸营养价值较高等许多特点。建议以肌肉酸度、肉色、系水力、肌纤维细度、肌内脂肪作为评定沙子岭猪肉质的主要指标。 相似文献
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为比较沙子岭猪与巴沙猪的肉质特性,选择体重34 kg左右的沙子岭猪、巴沙猪24头,按品种(组合)分成2组,每组2个重复,每重复6头猪,公母比例一致,2个处理饲喂相同的基础日粮,试验期104天。肥育试验结束后每组随机抽取3头(1公2母)进行屠宰测定和肉质分析。结果表明:巴沙猪的肉色黄度(b_(1*))、肉色亮度(L_(24*))分别较沙子岭猪降低了17.48%(P0.01)和8.64%(P0.05);巴沙猪背最长肌中油酸含量较沙子岭猪提高4.82%(P0.05),而微量元素K含量提高7.89%(P0.01)、Zn含量降低17.65%(P0.05)。巴沙猪与沙子岭猪在肌肉pH值、L_(1*)、a_(1*)、a_(24*)、b_(24*)、熟肉率、贮存损失、失水率及肌肉中干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素含量等多项指标上无显著差异。综合分析,湘沙猪配套系父母代巴沙猪与沙子岭猪的肌肉品质相似,不仅保留了亲本沙子岭猪肌肉中风味氨基酸、必需氨基酸、不饱和脂肪酸含量高等特点,而且提高了油酸和微量元素K的含量。 相似文献
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湘沙猪配套系组合巴大沙和大巴沙肉质特性测定 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为进一步确定湘沙猪配套系最佳配套组合并为其选育提供试验依据,本试验对沙子岭猪及两个杂交组合巴大沙、大巴沙猪的肌肉品质、氨基酸含量、长链脂肪酸、微量元素等多项指标进行了测定。肉质性状测定结果表明:沙子岭猪、巴大沙、大巴沙3个组的肉色、大理石纹评分、pH_1、pH_(24)、熟肉率、贮存损失、系水力、肌内脂肪、嫩度等指标处于正常范围,3组之间无显著差异(P0.05);肌内脂肪,沙子岭猪、巴大沙、大巴沙分别为3.21%、3.20%、2.91%,3个组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。氨基酸含量测定结果表明:3个组均含17种氨基酸,其中分别含7种人体必需氨基酸和12种风味氨基酸,每100 g肌肉中氨基酸总量,沙子岭猪、巴大沙、大巴沙分别为25.29 g、25.31 g、25.26 g,3个组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。长链脂肪酸含量测定结果表明:3个组中均含有多种长链脂肪酸,沙子岭猪、巴大沙、大巴沙含饱和脂肪酸40.89%、42.66%、41.74%,分别含不饱和脂肪酸59.11%、57.94%、58.26%,3个组之间饱和与不饱和脂肪酸总含量差异均不显著(P0.05)。微量元素测定结果表明:3个组合均含有多种有益微量元素,汞、砷、镉、铅等重金属残留量远低于农业部无公害食品猪肉标准。除了钠、铜元素含量,巴大沙与大巴沙差异显著外(P0.05),其他钾、钙、镁、锌4种微量元素两个组合之间差异不显著(P0.05)。说明巴大沙与大巴沙两个组合的主要肉质指标之间并无显著差异,两个组合均拥有优良的肉质特性。结合考虑两个杂交组合的肥育性能、胴体品质和毛色一致性等因素,作者认为把大巴沙作为湘沙猪配套系最佳配套组合是合适的。 相似文献
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随着生活水平的提高,人们对猪肉的品质提出了更高的要求,因此营养全面、卫生安全、便于加工、味道鲜美的优质猪肉,越来越受到欢迎。影响肉品质的因素除遗传外,营养是一个非常重要的因素。研究表明,许多营养因子对肉质变化的代谢和生化过程起作用:1 脂肪含量的调控一般认为,猪肉肥度对食用品质的影响,取决于大理石状肌肉内脂肪的数量,大理石状肌肉内脂肪存在于肌纤维周围的结缔组织中。肌内脂肪有利于保水,从而提高了系水力并改善了肉色。此外脂肪是猪肉香味的来源,故脂肪含量直接影响到肉的风味。猪摄入的能量过多或饲料的能量蛋白比过高,… 相似文献
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为比较不同日龄沙子岭猪和大白猪比目鱼肌在肉品质性状、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成等方面的差异,分析氨基酸和脂肪酸与肉品质性状的相关性,本实验以30、60、90、150、210日龄和300日龄的沙子岭猪和大白猪各36只作为对象,屠宰后进行相关指标测定。结果表明:沙子岭猪和大白猪比目鱼肌的pH45min、pH24h和加压损失在各个日龄均无显著差异;90日龄时,沙子岭猪比目鱼肌亮度(L*)和黄度(b*)值低于大白猪(P<0.05),红度(a*)值高于大白猪(P<0.05);210和300日龄时,和大白猪相比,沙子岭猪拥有较低的剪切力和较高的肌内脂肪含量(P<0.05)。在150和210日龄时,沙子岭猪比目鱼肌谷氨酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸和鹅肌肽含量高于大白猪(P<0.05),亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸和苯丙氨酸含量低于大白猪(P<0.05)。210日龄时沙子岭猪的单不饱和脂肪酸含量高于大白猪(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,肌肉中缬氨酸、鹅肌肽和单不饱和脂肪酸含量与... 相似文献
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《饲料与畜牧》2017,(18)
本研究测定了湘沙猪配套系母系母本、父母代猪及商品猪的肌肉品质、氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素等多项指标。结果表明,肉色评分、大理石纹评分、p H1、p H24、熟肉率、贮存损失、滴水损失、失水率、系水力、肌内脂肪、嫩度及肌肉中粗蛋白、水分、不饱和脂肪酸、饱和脂肪酸等指标,母系母本、父母代猪、商品猪之间差异不显著(P0.05);而肌肉中粗脂肪含量母系母本显著高于父母代猪及商品猪(P0.05)。母系母本、父母代猪、商品猪均含有7种人体必需氨基酸和11种风味氨基酸,均含有钠、钙、铜、镁、锌等多种对人体有益的微量元素,且汞、砷、镉、铅等重金属残留量远低于农业部NY-5029无公害食品猪肉标准。肌肉中氨基酸总含量、铜和锌含量,母系母本分别高于父母代猪20.14%(P0.05)、46.43%(P0.05)、23.61%(P0.05)和商品猪13.87%(P0.05)、36.67%(P0.05)、35.48%(P0.05);肌肉中钙含量,母系母本和商品猪分别高于父母代猪29.11%(P0.05)、27.69%(P0.05)。综上所述,湘沙猪配套系商品猪保留了亲本沙子岭猪肉质优良的种质特性。 相似文献
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优质牦牛肉肉质的综合评价 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
冶成君 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2004,34(4):18-19
2000-2002年对大通牛场40头6月龄不同性别的全哺乳牦牛的肉质进行了综合评价。对供试牦牛肌肉pH、嫩度、肌纤维细度、系水率、肉的贮存损失、肉的煮熟时间、熟肉率和烹饪损失率及肉色等进行了评价,分析了肌肉的化学成分,氨基酸及微量元素含量。结果表明该牦牛肉系水率强,肉的煮熟时间短,肉的贮存损失及烹饪损失较小,肌纤维较细,肉色深红。并具有蛋白质含量高,脂肪含量低及富含各种氨基酸的特点。 相似文献
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肌纤维是构成肌肉组织的基本结构单位,其类型组成与pH、肉色、嫩度和肌内脂肪含量等猪肉品质指标密切相关,且肌纤维类型在生长发育、营养因素和环境因素等条件下会发生转化,进而影响猪肉品质。近年来对肌纤维类型及其转化的研究逐渐成为热点,本文综述了猪肌纤维类型与肉品质特性及影响猪肌纤维类型转化的因素,以期为猪肌纤维类型及其转化的研究提供参考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献