Recreation of Agricultural Landscape for Children with Nature-deficit Disorder

Promoting human health is a basic value of landscape architecture. It is theoretically feasible to rebuild the link between children with nature-deficit disorder and nature via artificially-made natural environment. This paper explored the relationship between children's health and nature from the perspective of landscape architecture theories and practices. First, impact of nature-deficit disorder on children's health; second, basic appeals of children with nature-deficit disorder were sorted out; finally, specialized gardens for children with nature-deficit disorder under the instruction of the above theories were designed.     

发展农村能源促进城乡统筹

统筹城乡经济社会发展成为多数国家普遍遵循的规律,也对发展农村能源提出了新的要求。本文简要分析了世界能源形势、解决我国能源短缺的思路以及农村能源开发利用困境,从现实可能、战略抉择和规划牵动等方面揭示了发展农村能源对于促进城乡统筹的重要意义,提出了加强领导、提高能力、增强资金扶持等三点建议。     

Job Lock in Rural versus Urban Labor Markets

While the possible negative effect of employer‐sponsored health insurance on labor mobility (job lock) has spawned substantial research, little research has considered differences in job lock between rural and urban areas. Job lock might differ in rural areas because of specific features of rural economies, in particular, the thinness of rural labor markets. This paper estimates measures of job lock for rural and urban areas. Parameter estimates suggest that it is larger in rural areas. The results also indicate that nonwage benefits such as retirement plans, paid vacation, and sick pay are more important factors in married rural workers decisions to change jobs while wages are a more important factor in the transition decisions of single urban workers.     

A Foundational Platform for Digital Urban and Rural Planning Based on GIS

On the basis of investigations related to the existing problems about digitalization and information in the urban and rural planning, the authors analyzed the requirements of an operational platform for digital urban and rural planning. Then, an overall design and relevant modules of the foundational platform for digital urban and rural planning are proposed according to the principles of software engineering. The object-oriented programming language, Visual C++6.0, and the relational database, Visual FoxPro6.0, were selected as the common tools for developing the platform.     

我国农村留守儿童犯罪问题探析

严重的留守儿童犯罪问题已经引起社会各界广泛关注,本文对农村留守儿童易发多发的犯罪现象进行解读,综合分析农村留守儿童犯罪的特点、成因,并探求建立社会、学校、家庭三位一体的农村留守儿童问题治理体系,从根本上预防和减少留守儿童犯罪,切实维护这类特殊群体的生存权、教育权、发展权。     

北京城乡居民收入差距的结构性分析

为研究北京市城乡居民收入差距状况,对北京及全国城乡统筹发展提供依据。应用时间序列数据,对1990-2009年北京市城乡居民收入差距的演变进行分析,并运用基尼系数法,对北京市城乡居民收入差距进行了组间结构分析和分项结构分析。结果表明：1990-2009年间,北京城乡居民收入差距不断扩大,农村居民内部收入差距较显著,工资性收入和转移性收入对城乡居民收入差距影响较大。     

中国农村留守儿童犯罪问题探析

严重的留守儿童犯罪问题已经引起社会各界广泛关注,分析了农村留守儿童易发多发的犯罪现象的原因,针对农村留守儿童犯罪的特点、成因,提出建立社会、学校、家庭三位一体的农村留守儿童问题治理体系,从而有效的预防和减少留守儿童犯罪,切实维护这类特殊群体的生存权、教育权、发展权.     

偃师市城乡统筹发展综合评价

现阶段城乡二元结构造成的深层次矛盾突出,加快推进社会主义新农村建设,大力推动城乡统筹发展,对于全面贯彻党的十七大精神,开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面具有重大而深远的意义。本文构建了包括3个一级指标和11个二级指标的县域城乡统筹发展综合评价指标体系与评价模型,并应用于我国中部地区偃师市城乡统筹发展的综合评价,分析了1990～2007年偃师市城乡统筹水平变化趋势及其成因,提出了相应的对策建议。     

Spatial Diffusion of Management Practices in Urban and Rural Areas

Data on production and management practices across firms are scarce.Therefore studies of rural and urban industrial development have usually abstracted from this issue or have invoked product cycle theory to explain comparative urban and rural productive ingenuity. Several qualitative studies of rural production have contradicted the product cycle hypotheses, but attempts to generalize these results have not succeeded. An attempt is made here to test the product cycle explanation of industrial location using the registry of firms with ISO 9000 certification in nine southern states. These data suggest a bifurcation of rural counties. Urban and rural counties containing certified firms have been much more likely to increase the number of such firms, but in those counties without certified firms the probability of new certified firms has declined     

The Influence of Location on Productivity: Manufacturing Technology in Rural and Urban Areas

ABSTRACT Policies to counter the growing discrepancy between economic opportunities in rural and urban areas have focused predominantly on expanding manufacturing in rural areas. Fundamental to the design of these strategies are the relative costs of production and productivity of manufacturing in rural compared to urban areas. This study develops information that can be used to assess the productivity of manufacturing in rural and urban areas. Production functions are estimated for the meat-products and household-furniture industries to investigate selected aspects of location and productivity. The results show that the effect of location on productivity varies with industry, size, and the timing of entry. Although the analysis is specific to two industries, it suggests that development policies targeting manufacturing can be more effective if they focus on industries and plants with characteristics that predispose them to the locations they support.     

基于游憩行为的海口万绿园调查研究

通过对万绿园中游人的游憩行为进行初步调查研究,分析万绿园的使用状况。通过问卷调查、深入访谈以及行为观测等形式对公园内游憩行为进行总结分析,结果表明万绿园作为一个综合性城市公园能够吸引岛内外的游客来此,其使用群体主要是中老年人,他们在公园中的主要游憩活动是锻炼身体和休闲娱乐,对公园的不满意度集中体现在基础设施不健全、娱乐设施不全、安全存在隐患等方面。     

农村留守儿童状况的实证研究

农村留守儿童是在市场经济的发展和国家政策的背景下产生的,本文采用实证分析方法,以新村的留守儿童为研究对象,采用调查问卷的方式了解新村留守儿童的状况,发现留守儿童存在思想品行问题、学业问题、心理问题和安全问题等方面的问题。并分析其产生的原因和提出从家庭方面、社会方面、学校方面和政府方面解决这些问题的对策,希望能够有效的解决留守儿童的问题。     

Training Mode of Applied Talents in Urban and Rural Planning Major

Facing the development and change of contemporary urban and rural planning discipline and social talent demand,it is imperative to develop the talent training of urban and rural planning major.Based on the teaching platform,this study constructed a perfect talent training mode,implemented modular teaching,took the occupation as the guidance,carried out the application-oriented talent training,and delivered high-quality professionals to the society.     

Training Mode of Applied Talents in Urban and Rural Planning Major

Facing the development and change of contemporary urban and rural planning discipline and social talent demand,it is imperative to develop the talent training of urban and rural planning major.Based on the teaching platform,this study constructed a perfect talent training mode,implemented modular teaching,took the occupation as the guidance,carried out the application-oriented talent training,and delivered high-quality professionals to the society.     

中国教育的城乡不平衡发展探究

随着中国市场经济的不断发展和城市化进程的逐步推进,社会与经济发展中也出现了很多新的问题。其中,城乡经济与社会发展不协调造成的城乡教育不平衡发展成为影响社会发展和经济增长的主要因素。中国城乡教育失衡由城乡教育资金投入差距、城乡师资力量差距和城乡教育机会差距这3方面原因造成。教育的城乡差距反过来又在经济方面造成农村经济发展滞后,形成了“经济滞后——教育落后——经济滞后”的恶性循环。在就业方面,造成农村人才不足的同时城市就业压力过大。在社会发展方面,造成农村的人口、法制、文化等方面落后于城镇的水平。最后提出加大对农村教育的扶持力度,从教育机会分配的优惠政策、提高教育资金投入和加强师资力量建设这3个方面入手,推动农村教育发展,缩小城乡教育差距。     

新常态下城乡收入分配结构优化路径

为了适应经济新常态的需要,使严重失衡的城乡收入分配结构得以优化,通过对城乡收入分配结构现状、成因分析,找到劳动复杂程度、户籍歧视等是影响城乡收入结构失衡的主要因素,给出优化城乡收入分配结构路径:提高农村居民受教育水平,加快户籍改革取消农户及非农户限制,实施城乡社会保障一体化,加大农村基本建设财政支出力度,大力发展农村普惠金融等,从而提高农民收入。     

Extending Carlino-Mills Models to Examine Urban Size and Growth Impacts on Proximate Rural Areas

ABSTRACT A modification of the Boamet model of local economic change is developed that links the growth of urban nodes in functional economic regions to employment and population change in the rural hinterlands of these regions. The two-equation model uses labor market and residential zone observations that are consistent with commuter fields around each rural community in the regions studied. The model parameters are estimated for 204 Danish rural municipalities, for 3515 rural communes in six regions of Eastern France, and for 268 rural census tracts in South Carolina. Results indicate that urban nodal spread effects are often significant and tend to dominate urban backwash impacts on rural communities. Accordingly, rural communities need to be concerned with the economic fortunes of their urban nodes and with policies that affect the pattern of urban growth between urban center and the urban fringe.     

山东省城乡统筹发展水平差异研究

城乡统筹发展是促进农村经济全面发展、解决“三农”问题的有效途径。选取了城乡居民收入比、城乡居民恩格尔系数比、城乡居民人均消费水平比对山东省城乡统筹发展水平进行了分析。发现以青岛为主的山东半岛地区城乡统筹发展水平较高,以淄博、莱芜等地为主的鲁中地区城乡统筹水平也相对较高,以德州、聊城等地区为主的鲁西地区城乡统筹水平相对较低。接着探讨了城乡统筹发展水平差异的原因。最后提出了促进城乡统筹发展的若干建议。