福建省并殖吸虫虫种及其地理分布

为了调查福建省并殖吸虫虫种及其地理分布 ,捕捉、收集各地溪蟹 ,分离各种并殖吸虫囊蚴感染猫、狗或鼠、兔 ,检获成虫鉴定虫种。结果发现福建省共有 7种虫种 ,即 :林氏并殖吸虫、卫氏并殖吸虫、斯氏并殖吸虫、三平正并殖吸虫、福建并殖吸虫、闽清并殖吸虫和泡囊并殖吸虫 ,分布于全省 42个县 ,其中卫氏并殖吸虫为广泛分布的优势虫种     

猫,狗肺吸虫的调查

肺吸虫病是由并殖科(Paragonimiade),并殖属(Paragonimus)的卫氏并殖吸虫(Porogomus Westermanii)寄生在人和肉食兽的肺脏中所引起的一种蠕虫病。卫氏并殖吸虫在我国的分布相当广泛,呈地方散发,很多种动物都可感染,在流行地区,人也有感染。兽医界对肺吸虫研究不多,特别是对猫、狗等肺吸虫的研究至今未见报道。我们对我县汤旺河河段猫狗肺吸虫进行了调查研究。     

卫氏与斯氏并殖吸虫在实验动物体内分布的比较观察

目的 比较两种主要对人体致病的肺吸虫在实验动物肺内与肺外（胸、腹腔）的分布，为临床诊断及药物治疗提供参考。方法 粪检肺吸虫卵阴性的猫犬分别经口感染卫氏并殖吸虫（P．W）与斯氏并殖吸虫（P．S）囊蚴，饲养3个月后粪检肺吸虫卵阳性时对犬、猫进行解剖，观察与统计内肺外虫数。结果 猫犬解剖所获得P．W与P．S成虫均以左、右肺下叶寄生成虫数最多，猫、犬感染P．W后检获肺外期与左、右肺的童虫数均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。猫感染P．S后所检获肺外期童虫数与左、右肺的童虫数有显著性差异（P〈0．05），而犬感染P．S所检获肺外期童虫数与左、右肺的童虫数有高度显著性差异（P〈0．01）。猫感染P．W与P．S囊蚴后虫体平均回收率为41．84％，39．85％；犬感染P．w与P．S囊蚴后虫体平均回收率分别为47．44％，24．57％。经统计学处理猫感染两种虫体回收率显著高于犬（P〈0．05）。结论 两种肺吸虫在实验动物犬、猫肺部的分布均以左、右肺下叶寄生成虫数最多，猫犬感染P．S所检获的肺外期童虫数与检获左、右肺内的童虫数分别为有显著性差异（P〈0．05）与高度显著性差异（P〈0．01），猫感染虫体的回收率明显高于犬。     

鼠体内肝毛细线虫的发现

肝毛细线虫(Capillaria hepatica)是鼠类和其它哺乳动物常见的寄生虫。成虫寄生于肝脏,虫体死亡崩解后,便在肝脏中留下大量成团的虫卵。在自然感染时,虫卵留在肝脏内并不排出体外,只有鼠类,被猫狗食入后,其肝脏内的虫卵才能随粪便排出,发育成含有幼虫的感染性虫卵。感染性虫卵被终末宿主(人、鼠、猫、狗、猴、猪等)食入,就患肝毛细线虫病。因此,检查肝毛细线虫病不用粪检方法,只能用肝组织活检或尸检     

绥芬河流域狗和猫寄生蠕虫区系调查

本文报道了绥芬河流域狗和猫寄生性蠕虫区系调查情况,以全身蠕虫学剖检的方法剖检狗20只,猫6只,在两种动物体内共检获寄生蠕虫12种,其中吸虫2种,绦虫4种和线虫6种,它们录属3纲7科8属。狗体检出虫体5种:泡状带绦虫Taenia、hydatigena、犬复孔绦虫Dipylidiumcaninum、犬弓首线虫Toxocaracanis、犬钩口线虫 Ancylostome caninam、旋毛形线虫Trichinella spiralis,猫体检出虫体7种:华支睾吸虫 Clonorchis sinensis、獾真缘吸虫Euparyphium melis、带状带绦虫Taeniataeniae formis、线中殖孔绦虫Mseocestoideslineatus、猫弓首线虫Toxocara cati、狮弓蛔线虫To xascaris leonia、管形钩口线虫Ancylostomatubaeforme。以上猫、狗寄生的12种虫种,绝大多数都是人兽共患的寄生虫。     

中国兽医寄生虫病2002年第10卷1～4期总目次

研究论著和试验报告及简报·血虫净缓释剂的研制及预防鸡卡氏住白细胞虫病效果的评价黄占欣 (1- 1)………………………………………闽清并殖对终末宿主的感染性试验及并殖吸虫对人体致病性分型的讨论李友松等 (1- 4 )………………………毛形线虫各隔离种保姆细胞形成时间的研究     

河南新乡地区猪弓形虫感染与风险因素分析

为了解河南新乡地区猪弓形虫感染的情况及风险因素,用间接血凝法对2011年-2013年采集的猪血样进行检测。采用SPSS13.0统计分析资料,χ~2检验比较年度间及各风险因素的差异。结果显示,新乡地区2011年-2013年猪弓形虫血清阳性率分别为20.9%、34.4%和23.9%,年度间弓形虫血清阳性率差异不显著(P0.05);弓形虫感染的风险因素中,猫出现次数的高低之间、是否接触啮齿类(鼠类)之间、有否与狗接触之间和有无流产史之间差异显著(P0.05)。调查结果表明,河南新乡地区的猪弓形虫感染普遍存在,猫出现的次数、接触啮齿类(鼠类)、接触狗和有流产史等因素对猪感染弓形虫有影响。     

犬、猫的巴贝虫病

病原学犬巴贝虫(Babesia canis)、吉氏巴贝虫(Babesia gibsoni)、伏氏巴贝虫(Babesiavogeli)感染狗,而猫巴贝虫(Babesia felis)感染猫。巴贝虫分为大型巴贝虫和小型巴贝虫两类。小型的长1.0～2.4微米,包括吉氏巴贝虫和猫巴贝虫。大型的长2.5～5.0微米,如犬巴贝虫。在自然条件下,巴贝虫是由蜱传播的。巴贝虫由蜱为媒介传播到动物血流中后,在红细胞中进行     

犬复殖孔绦虫病的防治

正犬复殖孔绦虫病是由犬复殖孔绦虫引起的一种常见的人兽共患性寄生虫疾病。该虫常感染犬和猫,偶可感染人体引起复殖孔绦虫病,临床表现为食欲不振、腹部不适、腹泻等。一、病原该病的病原是囊宫科、复殖孔属的犬复殖孔绦虫,其成虫为小型绦虫,长10~15厘米,宽0.3~0.4厘米,约有200个节片。头节小,呈亚梨形,横径约0.4毫米,具有4个吸盘和     

猪旋毛虫病诊断和治疗方案

正旋毛形线虫简称旋毛虫,旋毛虫病是由旋毛虫成虫和幼虫先后寄生于动物肠和肌肉所引起的肠旋毛虫病和肌旋毛虫病的总称。该病是一种严重人兽共患寄生虫病,感染宿主非常广泛,传染途径复杂,人和鼠类、狗、猫等多种哺乳动物可感染该病,在家畜中主要感染猪。由于猪肉是人们生活主要肉食来源,如人食入未经煮熟带旋毛虫幼虫的猪肉及制品会引起发病。因此,猪旋毛虫病对人体健康造成很大威胁,同时对养猪业、肉品加工业造成巨大经济损失。     

The isolation of Pasteurella-like organisms from the tonsillar region of dogs and cats

Pasteurella sp. were isolated from tonsillar swabs obtained from 100 dogs and 100 cats; isolation rates were 92 per cent and 99 per cent respectively. Isolates were identified according to recent taxonomic data. P. multocida subsp. multocida and subsp. septica were common in cats but not in dogs. P. canis was common in both dogs and cats. Compared with strains from dogs, those from cats were more pathogenic for mice. Many of the species isolated are considered potential human pathogens.     

Ringworm in dogs and cats

Ringworm is an uncommon disease of dogs, but cats, especially the longhaired breeds, are more frequently infected. Of the several dermatophytes involved, Microsporum canis causes 94 per cent of ringworm in cats and 65 per cent in dogs. This species is highly contagious for man but the true incidence of human infection is unknown. Ringworm caused by M canis usually responds readily to treatment, but when the infection establishes in a colony of cats, eradication can be difficult and expensive. Other forms of ringworm in dogs and cats are caused by dermatophytes acquired from wild animals, mainly small rodents such as mice and voles. This is an uncommon and trivial disease of cats, but some infections in dogs can be remarkably persistent and difficult to resolve.     

Helicobacter infection in dogs and cats: facts and fiction

The discovery of the spiral bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its causative role in gastric disease in humans has brought a dramatic change to gastroenterology. Although spiral bacteria have been known for more than a century to infect the stomachs of dogs and cats, recent research has been conducted mainly in the wake of interest in H. pylori. H. pylori has not been found in dogs and only very rarely in cats and zoonotic risk is minimal. A variety of other Helicobacter spp. can infect the stomach of pets; however, their pathogenic role is far from clear, and they have a small but real zoonotic potential. The prevalence of gastric Helicobacter spp. in dogs and cats is high, irrespective of clinical signs, and as in human medicine, mode of transmission is unclear. The relationship of Helicobacter spp. to gastric inflammation in cats and dogs is unresolved, with inflammation, glandular degeneration, and lymphoid follicle hyperplasia accompanying infection in some but not all subjects. Circulating anti-Helicobacter immunoglobulin G antibodies have been detected in 80% of dogs with naturally acquired infection and most dogs and cats with experimental infection. The gastric secretory axis is similar in infected and uninfected cats and dogs and no relationship of infection to gastrointestinal ulcers has been found. Differences in the pathogenicity of Helicobacter spp. are apparent, because infection with H pylori is associated with a more severe gastritis than infection with other Helicobacter spp. in both cats and dogs. Rapid urease test, histopathology, and touch cytology are all highly accurate invasive diagnostic tests for gastric Helicobacter-like organisms in dogs and cats, whereas culture and polymerase chain reaction are the only means to identify them to the species level. Urea breath and blood tests or serology can be used to diagnose Helicobacter spp. noninvasively in dogs and cats. Most therapeutic studies in pets have not shown long-term eradication of Helicobacter spp. Whether this is due to reinfection or recrudescence has not been established.     

Escherichia coli as a pathogen in dogs and cats.

Certain strains of Escherichia coli behave as pathogens in dogs and cats causing gastro-intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. Among the five known groups of diarrhoeagenic E. coli, namely enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC) and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC), only EPEC and ETEC were clearly associated with enteric disease in young dogs. ETEC isolates from diarrhoeic dogs were found to be positive for the heat-stable enterotoxins STa and STb but negative for heat-labile enterotoxin (LT). Canine ETEC were found to be different from those of other animals and humans by their serotypes, production of alpha-haemolysin and adhesive factors and by the production of uncharacterized types of enterotoxins by some ETEC. Canine EPEC could be distinguished from EPEC of humans or other animals by their serotypes and by the eae-protein intimin which mediates intimate adherence of EPEC to intestinal mucosa cells. STEC were occasionally isolated from faeces of healthy and diarrhoeic dogs but their role in canine diarrhoea is not yet well known. EIEC and EAggEC were not reported to occur in dogs or cats. Very little is known on diarrhoegenic E. coli in cats and further epidemiological investigations on this subject are needed. Besides its role in gastro-intestinal infections, E. coli can cause infections of the urogenital tract and systemic disease in dogs and cats. Extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli strains from dogs and cats belong to a limited number of serotypes and clonal groups and are frequently found as a part of the normal gut flora of these animals. Many of these E. coli strains carry P-fimbriae and produce alpha-haemolysin and a necrotizing cytotoxin (CNF1). Some of the frequently isolated types of extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli from dogs, cats and humans were found to be highly genetically related but showed differences in their P-fimbrial adhesins which determine host specificity. Transmission of extra-intestinal and enteral pathogenic E. coli between dogs and humans was reported. Further research is needed, however, to determine the role of dogs and cats as transmission vectors of pathogenic E. coli strains to other animals and humans.     

Isolation of Microsporum canis from the hair coat of pet dogs and cats belonging to owners diagnosed with M. canis tinea corporis

Microsporum canis has been frequently isolated from human cases of tinea capitis and tinea corporis. The infection may be acquired from infected animals with cutaneous lesions but also from asymptomatic carriers or from the environment. As asymptomatic M. canis carriers are considered to be a critical factor in the epidemiology of dermatophytosis in humans, this study investigated the relationship between the presence of dermatophytes on the hair coats of dogs and cats without cutaneous lesions and the occurrence of the disease in their respective owners. A total of 136 dogs and 248 cats were sampled from January 1999 to January 2005. Seventy-eight animals (22 dogs and 56 cats) belonged to individuals affected by tinea corporis caused by M. canis and 306 (114 dogs and 192 cats) to individuals without dermatophytosis. Age, sex, breed, habitat and season were recorded for each animal and examined as potential risk factors. Dermatophytes were isolated from 20.5% of the dogs and 28.2% of the cats. Microsporum canis was isolated from 36.4% of dogs cohabiting with owners diagnosed with tinea corporis but it was never isolated from dogs whose owners had no lesions. By contrast, M. canis was isolated from 53.6% of cats cohabiting with owners diagnosed with tinea corporis and from 14.6% of cats whose owners had no signs of the disease. These results clearly indicate that both cats and dogs should be considered as a major source of pathogenic dermatophytes for humans even when they do not present clinical signs of dermatophytosis.     

First Report on the Occurrence of ‘Helicobacter heilmannii’ in the Stomach of Rabbits

Gastric Helicobacter spp. have been described in a wide range of animal species, including dogs, cats, primates, swine, cattle and rodents. However, in lagomorphs--more specifically rabbits--gastric Helicobacter infections have never been reported. Biopsy specimens were collected from different stomach regions of 23 rabbits, including 10 pet rabbits, 10 industrial animals and 3 research animals. These were subjected to a PCR assay for the detection of Helicobacter DNA. Identification up to the species level was based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis and a recently developed multiplex PCR. Seven rabbits (four pet, one research animal and two industrial animals) tested positive in the Helicobacter genus-specific PCR in the stomach, with the corpus being predominantly positive. H. felis and H. salomonis, hitherto presumed to be naturally hosted by cats and dogs, were detected in three animals and one animal, respectively. One of these animals had been completely devoid of any form of contact with cats or dogs. A H. pullorum/H. rappini-like organism (96% 16S rDNA sequence similarity) was found in an industrially held rabbit. The helicobacters of the two remaining rabbits could not be identified up to the species level. To conclude, this is the first report on the occurrence of Helicobacter spp. in the stomach of rabbits. In view of the fact that H. felis and H. salomonis are put forward as having zoonotic potential, further research is necessary to investigate the implications of these findings not only for the rabbit but also for human health.     

Safety evaluation of the SAG2 rabies virus mutant in Tunisian dogs and several non-target species.

The safety of the SAG2 rabies virus, a highly attenuated mutant of the SAD strain intended to vaccinate dogs by the oral route, was evaluated in local Tunisian dogs and in five other local species likely to consume vaccine baits. These species were the domestic cat (Felis catus), the jackal (Canis aureus), the jerboa (Jaculus orientalis), the merion (Meriones sp.) and the gerbil (Gerbillus campestris). The vaccine was administered orally to 21 dogs, 11 cats and eight jackals and orally or intramuscularly to 62 wild rodents of the above-mentioned species. Seven dogs, one cat, five jackals all juvenile and with poor health status) and two rodents died for intercurrent causes. The others were observed for 60-180 days. No animal showed any rabies symptom. Seroneutralizing antibodies were observed in all experimental groups, only after vaccination, with the highest rate being observed in jackals and rodents. The rabies virus was detected in the oral cavity of three cats 6 h after oral instillation, but was not isolated later either in saliva or in salivary glands. Tissue samples (brain and salivary glands) from dead or euthanized animals were examined for the rabies virus antigen by a fluorescent antibody test. No rabies antigen was detected. These trials confirm the safety of the SAG2 strain on the Tunisian species already demonstrated by other authors on many other target and non target species.     

Sero-epidemiological study of the presence of hantaviruses in domestic dogs and cats from Belgium

Hantaviruses are worldwide rodent-borne pathogens infecting humans and other animals mainly through inhalation of aerosols contaminated with rodent excreta. Few data are available on hantavirus serology and geographical distribution in dogs and cats. We therefore screened sera from pet dogs (N=410) and cats (N=124) in two regions of Belgium, using IgG ELISA and IFA. We analysed the effect of the owner's address as well as pet gender and age on hantavirus status. Hantavirus antibodies were found in both species with a significantly higher seroprevalence in cats than in dogs (16.9% vs. 4.9%, P=0.001). More dogs were infected in highly forested southern Belgium (harbouring more rodents) than in northern Belgium (10.5% vs. 3.0%, P=0.002). In the south, hantavirus sero-positive cats were found in more densely forested localities than sero-negatives ones were (P=0.033). These results are consistent with the ecological variations of hantavirus risks in humans.