山葡萄“左优红”离体器官再生不定芽的研究

以＂左优红＂山葡萄继代试管苗的叶片、叶柄、茎段为试材,进行了器官再生不定芽的研究,以期建立山葡萄‘左优红’离体再生体系,进一步为遗传转化操作奠定基础。结果表明：在MS培养基上附加6-BA2.0 mg/L＋IBA0.05 mg/L,暗培养21 d最适合山葡萄组培苗诱导及分化;不同离体器官中,叶片没有再生出不定芽,茎段、叶柄均再生出不定芽,再生频率分别为10.6%和1.5%。     

油松成熟胚的不定芽诱导及植株再生

以油松成熟合子胚为外植体,通过器官直接发生途径获得再生植株。诱导油松不定芽的最佳基本培养基为DCR,最佳激素组合为TDZ0.1mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L,不定芽生长的最佳激素组合为TDZ0.05mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L;生根最佳培养基为1/2DCR+IBA2mg/L+6-BA0.05mg/L。生根苗移栽到草炭土∶沙=2∶1(体积比)的基质中,成活率为80%。     

喜树茎段不定芽的诱导及再生系统的建立

选用1年生喜树带芽茎段为外植体，筛选出了喜树最佳诱导培养基为MS NAA0．05mg／L 6-BA1．0mg／L．诱导率为92％；芽增殖的最佳培养基是MS NAA0．1～0．5mg／L BA1．0mg／L．分化频率为82%～87％；壮茁培养基为MS NAA0．05mg／L BA0.3mg／L；最佳生根培养基为1／2MS NAA0．1mg／L IBA1．0mg／L．生根率为95％。初步建立了喜树无性微繁再生系统，并对喜树外植体选择及最佳生根条件进行了讨论。     

35杨微繁殖与叶片不定芽再生研究

以35杨茎段外植体为供试材料,对腋芽微繁殖、叶片不定芽再生、生根以及移植的离体培养技术体系进行了研究,结果表明：获得初始无菌苗的取材以4月取田间杨树新枝茎段外植体为最好;茎段外植体的启动培养基以附加NAA0．1mCL、0．5mg／L6-BA及GA,0．5mg／L的WPM培养基为优;腋芽微繁殖最快的培养基为WPM＋0．2mg／L6-BA＋0．1mg／LIAA＋0．1mg／LIBA;生根培养基以3／5WPM＋0．1mg／LIBA为好;叶片不定芽再生培养基以WPM＋0．2mg／L 6-BA＋0．1mg／LIAA＋0．1mg／LIBA再生频率最高,达92．86％;叶片不定芽在生根培养基上培养20d后获健壮生根苗,移栽成活率达100％。     

芦荟吸芽离体培养和植株再生

芦荟吸芽在MS＋BA3－4mg/L＋NAA 0.5-0.7mg/L的培养基中，产生丛生芽；转入MS＋BA 2.0-3 NAA0.5-0.7mg/L继代培养时，芽生长健壮；切割不定芽在1／2MS＋ABT1.5-2.0mg/L培养基中可诱导生根，生根率达90％以上。每年3－6月，9－10月移栽于河沙：Luo石为3：1的基质内，移栽成活率达80％以上。     

银白杨不定芽诱导与增殖分化研究

为建立优良银白杨离体快繁再生体系,培育速生高产的银白杨苗木,以西藏银白杨叶片、茎段作为不定芽诱导的初始材料,以MS为基本培养基,对不定芽诱导中产生的愈伤组织进行二次不定芽诱导,研究不同激素浓度及配比对银白杨不同材料不定芽诱导与增殖分化的影响。研究表明:6-BA∶NAA为5∶1是银白杨不定芽诱导的最优激素浓度配比,银白杨不定芽诱导的最佳培养材料为当年生带腋芽茎段;6-BA(0.5mg/L)+NAA(0.1mg/L)+KT(0.2mg/L)为愈伤组织诱导不定芽最优激素浓度组合;不定芽增殖的最优激素7浓度组合为6-BA(0.5mg/L)+NAA(0.2mg/L)+KT(0.2mg/L)+IBA(0.2mg/L),平均增殖系数最高。综合考虑得出:MS+6-BA(0.5mg/L)+NAA(0.1mg/L)为银白杨不定芽诱导分化的最佳培养基,不定芽诱导的最佳材料为银白杨当年生带腋芽茎段;愈伤组织不定芽诱导的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA(0.5mg/L)+NAA(0.1mg/L)+KT(0.2mg/L);不定芽增殖的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA(1.0mg/L)+NAA(0.2mg/L)+KT(0.2mg/L)+IBA(0.2mg/L),pH5.8。     

芽变毛白杨叶片诱导不定芽的研究

利用芽变毛白杨叶片作为外植体进行不定芽的诱导，研究接种叶片的不同部位及培养基中不同激素水平对不定芽生成量的影响。试验结果表明：选取叶片的顶部及叶柄部进行诱导，产生不定芽数量多于叶中部；诱导不定芽最佳培养基MS 6-BA1．0mg／L IBA0．1mg／L GA30．1mg／L，诱导率为83．3％。     

大叶黄杨无芽茎段不定芽再生及其起源

大叶黄杨 (Euonymusjaponicus)为卫矛科 (Celastraceae)卫矛属常绿灌木或小乔木 ,具有较强的抗寒性 ,在长城以南各大城市的园林绿化中应用较广 ,冬季表现较好 ,但在气候稍差的地方常出现低温伤害现象 ,又兼之病虫害较普遍 (李庚花等 ,1998;惠彦文 ,1998) ,维护费用高。目前 ,国内外已有关于大叶黄杨近缘植物的组织培养研究 ,如金叶卫矛 (E .fortuneicv .“Gold”) (于萍等 ,2 0 0 0 )和红果冬青 (E .japonicuscv .“hong”) (夏海武 ,2 0 0 1)的组培快繁 ,肉花卫矛 (E .carnosus) (刘非燕等 ,1996)、欧洲卫矛 (E .europaeus) (Bonneauet…     

油茶岑软3号芽器官离体培养再生植株的研究

2009年1～12月通过对广西林业科学研究院采穗圃中的7年生油茶母树"岑软3号"的顶芽和茎段芽进行离体培养再生植株的研究,结果表明,无菌活外植体得率最高的月份是1年中的4月和10月;在改良MS+6-BA 2.5 mg/L+NAA0.3 mg/L+CH 600 mg/L上,顶芽诱导率69.8%,茎段芽诱导率53.6%;适宜油茶继代培养的培养基是改良MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L,培养40天芽增殖系数4.9;单芽在1/2改良MS+IAA 3.0 mg/L+ABT6 0.3 mg/L上培养,培养20天后有根点突起,生根率达96.8%。     

长白落叶松离体再生体系的建立

以长白落叶松成熟合子胚诱导出的不定芽为外植体,通过筛选不定芽增殖的最适培养基及激素配比、探讨不同浓度赤霉素(GA_3)及活性炭(AC)对不定芽伸长的作用以及比较不同处理对试管内及试管外生根的影响,最终建立离体再生体系。结果表明:BM+1.0 mg/L TDZ时,不定芽增殖最快,增殖系数为5.0;GA_3对不定芽的伸长有毒害,2.0 g/L活性炭(AC)对不定芽伸长促进作用明显,伸长比率达262%;1/2BM+0.5 mg/L IBA+1.0 mg/L NAA为试管内生根的最佳组合,生根率达26%,不定芽在750 mg/L NAA中浸泡25 s,试管外生根率(37%)最高。     

毛白杨叶片愈伤组织的诱导、芽的分化及不定根的再生

以毛白杨叶片为外植体进行组织培养研究。结果表明:培养基MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 1.0 mg/L有利于愈伤组织的诱导;培养基MS 6-BA 0.5 mg/L NAA 0.5 mg/L诱导愈伤组织并且有大量不定芽发生;培养基MS ZT 0.1 mg/L NAA 0.3 mg/L可使叶片生根率达100%。     

长白楤木腋芽愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

为了在短时间内获得充足的长白楤木苗木,以腋芽为材料进行了其愈伤组织诱导和植株再生研究.结果表明,长白楤木腋芽愈伤组织诱导最佳培养基为MS+BA 1.5 mg/L+2,4-D 1.0 mg/L,诱导率达100%;最佳不定芽分化培养基为MS+BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L+IAA 0.2 mg/L,分化率可...     

羊踯躅嫩茎腋芽丛生芽诱导和高效植株再生

为了筛选最适于羊踯躅腋芽丛生芽诱导和生根的培养基,以其新生嫩茎段为外植体,采用均匀设计法进行了快繁实验。结果表明:最适于羊踯躅嫩茎段腋芽丛生芽的诱导培养基为1/2 DR+2ip4.40 mg.L-1+NAA 0.01 mg.L-1+GA32.50 mg.L-1,其诱导率为99.8%;生根培养基为1/4 DR+ZT 0.06 mg.L-1+NAA0.02mg.L-1,其生根率达99.0%。快繁实验结果还表明,每段茎节增殖数平均达5倍以上,培养周期为28 d。在此基础上,文中建立了羊踯躅腋芽丛生和高效植株再生体系,该体系可应用于羊踯躅的工厂化育苗之中。     

In vitro regeneration of Salix nigra from adventitious shoots

Black willow (Salix nigra Marsh.) is the largest and only commercially important willow species in North America. It is a candidate for phytoremediation of polluted soils because it is fast-growing and thrives on floodplains throughout eastern USA. Our objective was to develop a protocol for the in vitro regeneration of black willow plants that could serve as target material for gene transformation. Unexpanded inflorescence explants were excised from dormant buds collected from three source trees and cultured on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with one of: (1) 0.1 mg l(-1) thidiazuron (TDZ); (2) 0.5 mg l(-1) 6-benzoaminopurine (BAP); or (3) 1 mg l(-1) BAP. All plant growth regulator (PGR) treatments induced direct adventitious bud formation from the genotypes. The percentage of explants producing buds ranged from 20 to 92%, depending on genotype and treatment. Although most of the TDZ-treated inflorescences produced buds, these buds failed to elongate into shoots. Buds on explants treated with BAP elongated into shoots that were easily rooted in vitro and further established in potting mix in high humidity. The PGR treatments significantly affected shoot regeneration frequency (P < 0.01). The highest shoot regeneration frequency (36%) was achieved with Genotype 3 cultured on 0.5 mg l(-1) BAP. Mean number of shoots per explant varied from one to five. The ability of black willow inflorescences to produce adventitious shoots makes them potential targets for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with heavy-metal-resistant genes for phytoremediation.     

木本植物组织培养不定芽诱导研究进展

从外植体、基本培养基、外源激素以及其他不同理化因子对木本植物诱导不定芽的影响等方面,综述了木本植物不同外植体直接诱导不定芽以及间接诱导不定芽离体培养的研究进展,并提出了对研究趋势的设想.     

沙松成熟胚不定芽诱导研究

以沙松成熟胚为外植体进行不定芽的诱导研究,结果表明:初代培养中沙松成熟胚不定芽诱导最佳培养基组合为改良DCR+2.0 mg·L-16-BA,诱导率可达到63.16%;继代培养中最佳培养基为无添加激素的1/2SH培养基,培养30 d不定芽平均伸长0.7 cm;添加0.1 mg·L-1的活性炭对沙松不定芽的伸长生长最为适宜。     

Caulogenic callus induction and adventitious bud formation from embryos of long-term stored seeds ofPicea jezoensis

Caulogenic calli with a high differentiation potency were induced from mature embryos ofPicea jezoensis seeds stored over a long time, for 29 years, resulting in the active formation of adventitious buds. Embryos began to induce calli within 3 weeks of cultivating on LP medium containing 3 μM BAP and 1 μM 2,4-D. Then, the calli proliferated and transformed into caulogenic calli with bud primordia in 8 weeks. The caulogenic calli increased actively with the addition of 500 mg/l ofl-glutamine in the medium. Furthermore, caulogenic calli, induced on LP medium containingl-glutamine, resulted in the formation of adventitious buds, which elongated after transferring the calli into LP medium with 0.1 μM BAP, but withoutl-glutamine. It appears that the number of adventitious buds and the process of shoot elongation are influenced by the kind of nitrogen contained in the medium for callus induction. A part of this study was presented at the 107th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Forestry Society (1996).     

Assessment of factors affectingin vitro shoot regeneration from axillary bud explant ofCamptotheca acuminata

Axillary buds from 3-yr.-old seedlings ofCamptotheca acuminata in the greenhouse were cultured on the different basal media with different concentrations of growth regulators for shoot regeneration for studying the effects of different basal media, different concentrations of growth regulators (BA or TDZ), sucrose, agar and pH value on shoot regeneration from axillary bud. The results showed that B5 and WPM media were the optimal basal media and the optimal phyotohormone was BA of 1.0 mg/L or TDZ of 0.1 mg/L; The concentrations of sucrose of 30g/L and agar of 6g/L were most suitable for the shoot regeneration; pH value from 5.8 to 6.6 were broadly effective, but the best at pH 5.8. Foundation item: The research was supported by the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (03061) and Supported by Application Fund of Agricultural Research Production (03EFN216700297). Biography: Wang Hui-mei (1973-), female, Ph.D., Lecturer in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P.R. China. Responsible editor: Zhu Hong