共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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挤压膨化水产饲料的要点 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近几年来,我国水产养殖发展比较快,而水产养殖的关键是提供能满足水产动物营养摄食习惯的各种形态的饲料,这种饲料应制成浮性(上层鱼类、蛙类)、慢沉性(中下层鱼类)、沉性(河蟹、虾类)三类,并且在水中能够完整地保持一定时间,以便动物有足够的摄食时间。要制出各种沉降速度的饲料,只有利用挤压膨化技术,这是其他制造技术难以实现的。为满足水产养殖者需求,盐城市浓缩蛋白饲料厂在1996年从美国Wenger公司引进全套膨化饲料生产线,陆续开发生产了河蟹、虾类、蛙类、经济鱼类等沉浮颗粒饲料,其典型颗粒直径范围是1… 相似文献
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本试验采用体外消化法研究了膨化对饲料原料鱼体离体消化率的影响,本试验选取菜籽、菜麦(菜籽∶小麦,1∶1)、豆麦(大豆∶小麦,1∶1)3种饲料原料。试验结果表明,草鱼对膨化饲料原料干物质离体消化率高于未膨化饲料原料离体消化率,即膨化菜籽(23.46%)>未膨化菜籽(22.21%),膨化菜麦(26.95%)>未膨化菜麦(15.74%),膨化豆麦(32.79%)>未膨化豆麦(19.36%);对粗蛋白质的离体消化率为:未膨化菜籽(46.36%)>膨化菜籽(38.51%)、膨化菜麦(39.24%)>未膨化菜麦(28.34%)、膨化豆麦(52.43%)>未膨化豆麦(46.16%);对粗脂肪的离体消化率为:膨化菜籽(44.71%)>未膨化菜籽(44.24%)、膨化菜麦(36.59%)>未膨化菜麦(29.00%)、膨化豆麦(43.54%)>未膨化豆麦为(30.04%)。这表明,草鱼对膨化饲料原料的消化要好于未膨化饲料原料,尤其是淀粉含量较高的饲料原料。 相似文献
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挤压膨化工艺中原料的选择与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用挤压膨化技术生产水产动物饲料在我国已有十多年的历史,该技术的发展为水产饲料的生产带来革命性的变革,同时在资源的开发上也越来越显示出重要作用。饲料原料成分的选择对最终产品的结构、质量、挤出难易度、营养价值、经济效益以及需要时适应高水平脂肪能力影响极大。因此,选择原料使配料价在最低位仍能保持高质量标准,并且加工费用最低,这样的能力对每一位技术人员来说是一场挑战。1蛋白质资源蛋白质成分是水产动物成长和维持生命所必需的一种营养素,也是水产饲料中最重要的成分,通常占配方的25%~50%,甚至更多。蛋白质资源可分… 相似文献
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快速发展的水产养殖对饲料及其蛋白源的需求日益加大,然而我国优质蛋白资源十分短缺,鱼粉和大豆对外依存度均达到80%以上,开发新型非粮蛋白是解决饲料蛋白源短缺问题、促进动物养殖业可持续发展、保障国家粮食安全的重要措施。随着我国棉籽加工产业的升级,经低温浸提、脱酚、适度脱糖获得的棉籽浓缩蛋白产品显著提升了蛋白质营养价值,适口性好,不含致敏性抗原,可高水平替代鱼粉及大豆蛋白,是我国应对饲料蛋白资源缺乏的重要途径。 相似文献
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膨化处理对全脂大豆抗营养因子及营养价值的影响 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
用螺杆转速为300r/min,模口直径为4Φ8的干法膨化机,在膨化腔指示温度为90度,110度,120度,130度和140度时膨化大豆,研究膨化处理对全脂大豆中抗营养因子及营养价值的影响,结果表明:(1)膨化大豆产品中水分随膨化温度的升高而降低,140度膨化处理大豆中粗脂肪和赖氨酸含量下降。(2)胰蛋白酶抑制因子和脲酶活性随膨化温度的升高呈对数下降,且存在显著的相关性,但二者对热的敏感性不同,凝集素对热的敏感性高于胰蛋白酶抑制因子和脲酶活性,蛋白质溶解度在膨化温度超过130度时下降迅速。(3)110-130度膨化处理大豆中脲酶活性为0.38-0.06ΔpH,胰蛋白酶抑制因子含量为 14.85-5.59mg/g,失活69%-88%,凝集素为0.72-0.00mg/g, 蛋白质溶解度为82.50%-71.58%,时,肉仔鸡生长性能和氮代谢率与豆饼对照组未表现出明显的差异(P>0.05),膨化温度升高或降低对肉仔鸡生长性能和氮代谢率均有不利影响。 相似文献
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研究旨在评价挤压膨化工艺参数对全植物蛋白配方水产饲料颗粒质量的影响,并为其生产加工提供合理参考。试验选择调质水分含量、模头温度、螺杆转速及吨料开孔面积作为自变量进行单因素试验。结果表明:(1)各项工艺参数均对颗粒物理质量有显著影响(P<0.05)且影响程度大小依次为:调质水分含量>模头温度>螺杆转速>吨料开孔面积。(2)此配方适宜生产沉性饲料且合适的加工参数为:调质水分含量28%,模头温度105℃,螺杆转速300 r/min,吨料开孔面积400 mm2/(t·h)。 相似文献
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我国快速发展的水产养殖业对饲料种类及产量的需求越来越大,但优质饲用蛋白质资源短缺,鱼粉、豆粕等原料进口依赖严重,成为了限制产业发展的“卡脖子”因素。因此,开发应用新型蛋白质资源,建立基于多元化配方的数字化、智能化水产饲料精细加工技术体系是保证水产饲料行业高效稳定发展的重要途径。除营养价值外,原料性质以及工艺参数都会对水产膨化饲料的生产效率及物理质量产生直接影响,进而决定饲料的饲喂效果以及动物的生长性能。文章就水产膨化饲料物理质量的评估方法,原料种类及工艺参数对水产膨化饲料品质的影响进行了综述,为多元化水产膨化饲料配方的工艺参数及品质优化研究提供参考。 相似文献
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A survey is given of different methods used for the estimation of the net energy lactation and the digestible crude protein content of forages (grass hay, grass silage, maize silage) as well as tuber crops (fodder beet, turnips, raw potatoes), by-products (dried sugarbeet pulp, pressed sugarbeet pulp), compound feeds and raw ingredients for dairy cattle. The following methods are discussed: --methods only based on chemical parameters: crude fibre and cell walls. --methods using rumen fluid from fistulated animals: the two step in vitro digestibility technique, the Hohenheim Futterwert test. --methods using enzyme (cellulase) preparations. --the near infrared reflection spectroscopy. The estimation of the energy value of raw ingredients is discussed more in detail. Formulas for the rapid calculation of the energy value of pulp and tubers are reported. The results obtained at the National Institute for Animal Nutrition in Melle-Gontrode with the two step in vitro digestion technique and a developed cellulase method are illustrated more in detail. 相似文献
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杂交构树叶的饲用营养价值分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
测定了杂交构树Broussonetia papyrifera叶的常规营养成分、微量元素、氨基酸等,其中粗蛋白为26.05%,钙为3.35%,铁为247.09 mg/kg。与苜蓿Medicago sativa草粉和豆粕相比,粗蛋白含量豆粕>杂交构树叶>苜蓿草粉。而中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量则相反。铁、锰、锌、钴、碘等矿物元素含量高于苜蓿草粉与豆粕,检测的多数氨基酸含量较苜蓿草粉高。综合各项指标,可以认为杂交构树叶是一种富含蛋白、钙、铁的很好的饲料原料,可以在草食动物日粮中应用。 相似文献
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1. The effects of two enzyme products on the nutritive value of soyabean meal (SBM) were investigated with the emphasis on changes in composition of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) along the digestive tract. Enzyme A was a commercially available product containing mainly hemicellulase, pectinase, beta-glucanase and some protease activities and Enzyme B was an experimental product with mainly beta-galactanase activity. 2. Enzymes were added at the recommended dosage (normal) and at 5 times the recommended dosage (high) to a semi-purified diet based on maize with SBM as the sole protein source. 3. The enzymes had no effect on digesta viscosity in the jejunum or ileum. 4. Enzyme A at the high dosage significantly (P<0.05) improved AMEN, reduced excreta moisture content and improved ileal protein digestibility. The addition of the same enzyme at the recommended dosage had no effect on any of the above parameters. 5. Analysis of the monosaccharide composition revealed that Enzyme A tended to reduce the amounts of rhamnose and galactose in the soluble and insoluble NSP fractions in thejejunal and ileal digesta. The reduction was significant (P<0.05) when the same enzyme was added at the high dosage. 6. Enzyme B significantly (P<0.05) improved AMEN of the diet but not the growth or the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the birds. Enzyme B at the high dosage significantly reduced (P<0.05) ileal protein digestibility. 7. Enzyme B significantly (P<0.05) increased the amount of free sugars in thejejunum and reduced (P<0.05) the concentration of soluble NSP in the ileum. 8. Analysis of the monosaccharide composition in the jejunal and ileal digesta showed that this enzyme was highly effective in releasing galactose from both the soluble and insoluble NSP fractions. 9. It is concluded that glycanases with galactanase and pectinase activities supplemented at appropriate dosages can improve the digestibility of the NSP in SBM and increase the metabolisable energy content of the diet containing high levels of SBM. 10. Furthermore, the addition of Enzyme B at the high dosage significantly (P<0.05) reduced protein digestibility without any measurable reduction in growth performance. 相似文献
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