Ultrasonographic imaging of a keratoma in a horse.

Ultrasonography was used to confirm the tentative diagnosis of keratoma in a horse admitted for chronic progressive lameness. A definitive diagnosis of keratoma traditionally has been diagnosed by history, clinical findings, and radiographic evaluation. Confirmation of the keratoma by use of ultrasonography facilitated the formulation of a treatment plan that resolved the condition.     

Retrobulbar dermoid cyst in a horse: a case report

A 4-year-old Andalusian horse was presented for examination following a 3-month history of exophthalmos of the right eye and a soft swelling of the right supraorbital fossa noted after blunt head trauma. Ultrasonographic examination of the swelling showed an anecogenic mass of 5 cm in diameter involving the retrobulbar space. Centesis of the mass through the supraorbital fossa was performed and yielded a serous fluid with 7.2 g/dL of total protein and density of 1040. No cells were seen in the sample. A tentative diagnosis of cyst was made. The cyst was surgically removed and the definitive histologic diagnosis was retrobulbar dermoid cyst. No recurrence has developed 18 months following the complete removal of the cyst capsule. To the authors' knowledge, there are no previous reports of retrobulbar dermoid cysts in horses. Localization, causes and success of surgical treatment of dermoid cysts are discussed.     

Strangulating lipoma and small intestinal leiomyoma in a horse: A case report

An aged mare belonging to Iowa State University was evaluated for colic. Surgery was performed and two tumors were identified. A leiomyoma of the jejunum was isolated and removed although apparently not causing clinical problems. A strangulating lipoma was also found, requiring resection and anastomosis of the jejunum. The mare died two days post surgery from a ruptured stomach. Pathological features of the case are discussed.     

Interstitial lung fibrosis and emphysema in a standardbred horse: A case report

A horse with severe work-intolerance was examined. Neither clinical nor radiographic examination suggested the presence of emphysema and lung fibrosis.     

Internal fixation of a greater tubercle fracture in an adolescent horse: A case report

This report describes the diagnosis of a fracture of the greater tubercle of the humerus and successful repair with 2 cancellous bone screws in a 420 kg adolescent horse.     

Standing low-field magnetic resonance imaging as a diagnostic modality for solar keratoma in a horse

A 22-year-old Friesian gelding was presented with a history of chronic, nonresolving lameness localised to the right front foot. Radiographs showed a smoothly marginated circular lucent area with a rim of increased opacity adjacent to the solar canal of the distal phalanx. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a reversed V-shaped smoothly demarcated space-occupying mass causing invagination of the solar laminae towards the solar canal arch and deformity of the adjacent surface of the distal phalanx. The mass was removed surgically and submitted for histopathology, which revealed a keratoma and periosteal fibrosis. Six weeks post-surgery the horse returned to the previous work level and 8 months follow-up showed no recurrence of keratoma. This report highlights the usefulness of MRI as a diagnostic modality for solar keratoma.     

Horner's syndrome in the horse: experimental induction and a case report

The findings in 6 experimental and 1 natural case of Horner's Syndrome (HS) are presented. The experimental cases were induced by unilateral surgical section of the cervical sympathetic trunk in the middle third of the neck. The naturally occurring case was seen in a 17 year old gelding with a mediastinal tumour. The signs of HS in these horses included ptosis, miosis, enophthalmos, hemilateral sweating and temperature increase of the face and cranial cervical region on the affected side. The intensity of these signs was variable between and within animals. Miosis, enophthalmos and temperature difference were sometimes difficult to discern. Clinically the recognition of HS is important in the localization of lesions, and when accompanied by nasal haemorrhage is highly suggestive of guttural pouch mycosis.     

Cardiac arrhythmias associated with piroplasmosis in the horse: a case report

Cardiac dysfunction is a rare complication of babesiosis in domestic animals. The horse in this report showed clinical signs of anorexia, depression, fever, icterus and brown urine, and laboratory results (monocytosis, thrombocytopenia, azotemia, hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubinuria) indicated sub-acute piroplasmosis. Furthermore, junctional and polymorphic ventricular premature complexes and tachycardia associated with increased serum cardiac troponin I and myocardial-bound creatine kinase concentration were found. The diagnosis of piroplasmosis was confirmed by serology. Specific and supportive therapy for babesiosis allowed remission of clinical signs and laboratory profile abnormalities, including those of myocardial involvement. Myocardial damage associated with cardiac arrhythmia may be a complication of equine babesiosis as already demonstrated in other species.     

Ganglioneuroma as a cause of small intestinal obstruction in the horse: a case report

The clinical signs, medical and surgical management, and pathological findings are described for a ganglioneuroma, an atypical intestinal tumor, that caused colic because of small intestinal obturation.