对我国猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的认识和回顾

1982年猪红皮病的报道可能是我国猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（猪蓝耳病）最早的地方性流行。我国猪繁殖与呼吸综合征经历漫长的地方性流行,发展为2001年的普通猪蓝耳病大流行,再发展为2006年的高致病性猪蓝耳病的大流行,表明猪繁殖与呼吸综合征在我国呈愈演愈烈之势。与此同时,我国猪病的严重性、复杂性和难于理清头绪之势也愈演愈烈。从以上两者的密切关系,完全可以得出猪繁殖与呼吸综合征是我国猪病的罪魁祸首。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合症的研究进展

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒引起的高度传染性疾病。自发现首例病例以来,对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征已开展大量研究。现就此病的病原学、流行特点、临床症状及病理变化、诊断、防治措施、存在的问题作以综述。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的预防和控制

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒引起的．自1987年下美国接发至今,已成为在全球范围内流行的．危害最严重的猪的重大传染病。目前中国的规模化猪场有近80％受到感染,临床表现已经从“流产风暴”为特征的暴发型转向损害保育猪为特征的“呼吸障碍”型,并已成为仔猪、生长猪呼吸综合征（PRDC）最主要原发性病原。     

山西省11个地市猪繁殖与呼吸综合征流行病学调研

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(又称猪蓝耳病,PRRS)在我国已广泛流行.为查清山西省的流行状况,对全省11个地、市77个规模猪场和122个散养户进行猪蓝耳病的流行病学调研.共采集1 728份病料,用猪蓝耳病病毒RT-PCR诊断试剂盒进行病原检测.结果为规模猪场902头份,阳性243份,阳性率27%;散养户826头份,阳性188份,阳性率23%.证明山西省猪群感染比较严重,各地区感染程度不同,差异较大;猪群多以混合感染和继发感染为主.     

猪场猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒感染的诊断

为摸清贵州省某猪场猪只发病死亡的原因,采用流行病学调查、临床症状观察、病理解剖诊断、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征抗体快速金标检测卡检测和RT-PCR检测核酸确诊等方法,对该猪场发病猪进行了诊断.试验诊断结果表明:通过流行病学调查、剖检病理和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征抗体快速金标检测卡检测初步诊断该猪场发病猪疑似猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒感染,RT-PCR检测核酸确诊为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒野毒感染.     

亚洲主要猪病流行现状

亚洲的养猪业主要分布在东亚和东南亚。近些年,口蹄疫、高致病性猪繁殖呼吸综合征和猪流行性腹泻成为亚洲地区主要流行的猪病。本文主要介绍了这几种疾病在亚洲地区的流行现状。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的防制

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征因部分病猪的耳部发紫而称“猪蓝耳病”,是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒引起的猪的传染病,主要危害繁殖母猪和仔猪,可导致怀孕后期母猪发生早产、流产、死胎、木乃伊及弱胎,幼龄仔猪发生呼吸道症状,死亡率高。1流行病学本病主要侵害繁殖母猪和仔猪,而种猪、生长猪和育肥猪发病温和,症状不明显。仔猪死亡率可达80%。病猪和带毒猪是本病的主要传染源,感染母猪排毒,如鼻分泌物、粪便、尿均含有病毒,耐过猪可长期带毒排毒,并向外排毒。病毒携带者与易感猪接触是本病的主要传播途径,空气传播是另一种主要传播途径,特别是短距离(3k…     

清远市部分规模化猪场四种疫病的抗体检测与分析

为评价清远市部分规模化猪场猪瘟(CSF)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)、猪圆环病毒病(PCVD)和猪伪狂犬病(PR)疫苗免疫水平,从7家规模化猪场采集了322份血清样品,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测了猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪圆环病毒病和猪伪狂犬病病毒gB抗体和gE抗体。结果表明:猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪圆环病毒病和猪伪狂犬病病毒gB抗体阳性率分别为93.48%、89.13%、90.37%、92.24%,离散度分别为22.69%、56.61%、36.13%、31.12%。说明这7家猪场四种疫病疫苗免疫效果良好,其中有1家猪场怀疑伪狂犬野毒流行。     

速可净(SNUCOP)与猪场消毒

目前规模化、集约化、高密度的饲养方式,容易造成疫病的流行,养猪业的效益越来越受到疾病的制约,由于疫病杂且流行猖獗,特别是口蹄疫病、猪瘟、猪蓝耳病(猪繁殖与呼吸综合征PRRS)、猪圆环病毒、猪流感等,以及近期发生的猪无名高热,使得猪场一旦发病,将导致严重的经济损失。因此     

牡丹江地区猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征血清学调查

为了进一步了解牡丹江地区猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征（PRRS）的流行情况,在牡丹江市郊区及铁岭河、东京城、宁安市、海林市、东宁市等周边地区,共采集107份临床血清样本。采用间接ELISA方法检测猪血清中,：的猪蓝耳病特异性抗体。实验结果显示,阳性率为53％,阳性偏高,说明猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征很有可能在牡丹江市流行。本试验对临床采集猪血清样品进行血清学调查,以观察猪蓝耳病在本地区的流行情况,从而根据检测结果提出相应的防治措施,旨在为牡丹江地区的猪蓝耳病综合防治工作提供依据。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。