Blood and milk status of vitamin E,vitamin A,and selenium in nursing Awassi ewes injected with vitamin E and selenium

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of vitamin E and selenium (Se) injections on concentrations of vitamin E, vitamin A, and Se in blood and milk to predict when injections may improve ewes’ performance. Awassi ewes received 0 (control, 13 ewes) or 15 plus 0.05?mg/kg BW of vitamin E and Se (injected, 15 ewes) at 1 and 4 weeks postpartum. Blood and milk samples were collected weekly for 6 weeks. Injections increased vitamin E, decreased Se, and had no effects on vitamin A levels in blood. Blood vitamin E was correlated positively with vitamin A. Injections increased vitamin E, but had no effects on vitamin A or Se levels in milk. Milk vitamin A was positively correlated with vitamin E and Se levels in the control group. Milk vitamins E and A were positively correlated with their corresponding levels in blood. Milk somatic cell count was negatively correlated with blood vitamin A levels.     

Vitamin E levels in the ovine serum after administration of vitamin E and selenium]

The effects of drugs containing vitamin E for peroral administration (Combinal E), intramuscular injection (Erevit) and parenteral administration of a combined drug containing vitamin E and selenium (Selevit) on vitamin E levels in the ovine blood serum were studied. A uniform dose of 15 mg tocopherol acetate per 1 kg live weight was administered to the experimental animals. The level of vitamin E after the peroral administration of Combinal E was affected to a lesser extent than in swine and calves. The serum was examined before and after saponification to determine the effect of the intramuscular injection of Erevit; it was found out that tocopherol acetate prevailed in the blood serum in the first hours after such a route of administration. The best results were obtained after both subcutaneous and intramuscular administration of Selevit, the levels of free tocopherol showing high values even at the end of the experiments. These results may be made use of in determining effective preventive and therapeutic measures to do away with the white muscle disease in practice.     

Monensin toxicosis in swine: potentiation by tiamulin administration and ameliorative effect of treatment with selenium and/or vitamin E

Modulation of acute monensin toxicosis in swine was evaluated in 2 studies. In study 1, 56 weanling male pigs were allotted to 14 groups of 4 each. Pigs in 7 groups were given tiamulin in the drinking water (to supply 7.7 mg/kg of body weight/day) for 3 days before and for 2 days after monensin administration. Monensin was given as a single oral dose (at 0, 7.5, 15, 25, 50, 75, or 100 mg/kg) to pigs in groups with or without tiamulin exposure. Prominent acute clinical signs of monensin toxicosis (hypermetria, hind limb ataxia, paresis, knuckling of hind limbs, and recumbency) developed by 2 to 6 hours after dosing in pigs given 15 or 25 mg of monensin/kg with tiamulin exposure, but not in pigs given the 15 or 25 mg of monensin/kg without tiamulin exposure. Also, the extent of monensin-induced skeletal muscle damage at 4 days after monensin dosing was enhanced in pigs given 7.5, 15, or 25 mg of monensin/kg and exposed to tiamulin. In study 2, 48 weanling male pigs were allotted to 8 groups of 6 each. Four groups of pigs were given 20 mg of monensin/kg orally, and 4 groups were given 100 mg of monensin/kg orally. For each monensin dose, a group was treated 24 hours before monensin administration with (i) selenium (Se)-vitamin E preparation, 0.25 mg of Se and 68 IU of d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E)/kg, IM; (ii) vitamin E only, 68 IU of d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg; (iii) Se only, 0.25 mg of Se/kg; or (iv) vehicle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

一起雏鸡维生素E和硒缺乏症的诊治报告

1 发病情况2009年3月份,某养鸡专业户引进海兰褐蛋鸡1050只,以本地玉米、豆饼为主自行配料进行饲养,到39日龄时陆续开始发病,早期症状表现为站不起来,胸腹部皮下发青,排白色稀便.用多种抗菌药物治疗均无明显效果.发病达30%,病程3～5 d,从39日龄到44日龄6 d时间共死亡165只,死亡率为15.7%,后经确诊为维生素E和微量元素硒缺乏症.     

Parenteral selenium and vitamin E supplementation of weaned beef calves

BACKGROUND: The weaning process in beef calves elicits physiological stress responses that can negatively affect performance and health. Supplementation of vitamins and minerals, particularly selenium (Se) and vitamin E, might be warranted. HYPOTHESIS: That parenteral administration of Se or vitamin E would correct or prevent deficiencies of these nutrients in postweaned beef calves during a backgrounding period (42 days after weaning). ANIMALS: One hundred and forty-four weaned steers (200-250 kg) in 3 trials. METHODS: One trial was conducted with cattle on a dry lot fed a total mixed ration and 2 trials were conducted on cattle on pasture. Selenium was administered at 0.05 mg/kg BW (SC) and vitamin E was administered at 1500 IU on days 0 and 28 (SC). RESULTS: A treatment effect attributable to Se or vitamin E supplementation on average daily gain was not detected in any trials. Parenteral supplementation with Se on days 0 and 28 resulted in higher serum Se concentrations as compared with controls on day 42. Parenteral supplementation with Se on days 0 and 28 improved Se status from marginal to adequate in 1 trial. Parenteral supplementation with vitamin E did not improve serum vitamin E concentrations in any experiment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Supplementation with vitamin E or Se or a combination of both did not have a significant effect on calf performance during the 42-day backgrounding period.     

Effects of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on selenium distribution and meat quality of pigs

Abstract

The study was conducted on 60 pigs kept in individual pens. The animals were allocated to four groups. The growing-finishing pigs from the control group were fed with basic feed containing 0.3 mg selenium (Se) derived from Na₂SeO₃ kg^?1 and 60 mg of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate kg^?1. The remaining three groups were differentiated by adding 0.2 mg kg^?1 Se-enriched yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and/or 60 mg vitamin E to feed (grower and finisher). Our results show that the addition of organic Se to inorganic Se commonly used in pig feed caused a significant increase in hepatic Se and muscle. This indicates the possibility of using these products as functional foods to improve Se status in humans residing within regions which are deficient in this trace element. We found no beneficial effect of supplementation with vitamin E and Se on the quality of the meat.     

Generalized steatitis associated with selenium deficiency and normal vitamin E status in a foal

A 7-month-old male Quarter Horse was examined because of severe cachexia, which had begun 2 months earlier. The foal was emaciated and weak despite an excellent appetite. Percutaneous biopsy revealed multiple areas of subcutaneous steatitis with mineralization. Radiography demonstrated calcification of the nuchal ligament. The foal died 9 days after admission. Necropsy revealed mineralized lesions throughout the fascial planes and adipose tissues of the thorax, abdomen, and skeletal muscles, with little to no involvement of muscular tissue. Serum magnesium, copper, and thyroxine concentrations were slightly lower than normal. The serum selenium concentration was unusually low. Renal selenium content was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than that in similarly prepared sections of kidneys from 3 clinically normal ponies. Low dietary selenium intake was suspected as the cause of the problem.     

硒和维生素E协同添加对肉鸡肉品质量的影响

近年来，随着人们生活水平的提高，对肉品的品质也要求越来越高。肉品质量主要由肉品的理化性质决定，肉品的化学成分与其营养价值关系密切；肉品的物理指标如颜色、持水性、嫩度和多汁性等直接影响消费者对肉品的接受程度。     

Selenium and vitamin E deficiency in pigs. II. Influence on plasma selenium, vitamin E, ASAT and ALAT and on tissue selenium.

The effect of dietary selenium (Se) and vitamin E (Vit. E) in pigs on Se and Vit. E in plasma and on Se in tissue from liver, heart, m. long, dorsi and m. psoas major was studied; and furthermore was the influence on the enzymes ASAT and ALAT studied.Two levels of Se were used, 0.03 and 0.06 mg Se per kg feed. Within each Se level 2 levels of Vit. E were used, 15 and 45 i. u. per kg feed. This resulted in 4 groups: 1. low Se and low Vit. E; 2. low Se and high Vit. E; 3. high Se and low Vit. E; 4. high Se and high Vit. E.Ten% of all pigs fed low Se, and 4% of the pigs fed low Se and high Vit. E diet died with severe symptoms of Se deficiency. None of the pigs fed the high Se diet died with such symptoms. Plasma Se determinations have been shown to indicate the Se status in pigs almost as accurately as liver Se determination. ASAT and ALAT enzyme determinations were not of any diagnostic value.There was a good agreement between dietary Vit. E level and the corresponding levels in plasma. Oxidized herring oil seems to enhance the Vit. E need.     

硒与维生素E互作对动物的影响

硒和维生素E是动物必需的营养成分,它们之间存在有协同关系,但是不可互相代替。两者的互作对动物生长性能、繁殖性能、胴体品质、免疫和应激等都有显著影响,具有极其重要的作用。     

Administration of isoprothiolane and vitamin E/selenium to treat a pony with fat necrosis

A 3-year-old Welsh-cross pony mare was diagnosed and treated for localized subcutaneous/retroperitoneal fat necrosis. There was no apparent response to treatment with vitamin E/selenium and phenylbutazone. When isoprothiolane was added to the treatment regimen, clinical signs of disease diminished. Localized fat necrosis of horses is a poorly described and poorly understood disease. Scientific trials are needed to determine the pathophysiology of fat necrosis and to assess the efficacy of isoprothiolane and/or vitamin E/selenium therapy.     

富铁力与维生素E合用预防哺乳仔猪缺硒效果好

我场哺乳仔猪缺硒现象比较普遍,后来应用富铁力(含硒化合物1 mg/mL),既补铁,又补了硒,取得了一定的预防效果. 1 材料及方法 富铁力系广西南宁市桃源兽药厂生产,规格10 mL/瓶,其中含络合铁150 mg/mL,硒化合物1 mg/mL,批号98042727.     

Effects of dietary supplements of selenium, vitamin E or combinations of the two on antibody responses of broilers

1. The effects of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on some immune parameters were investigated in broilers. 2. Broiler chicks were fed on maize-soybean diets with different concentrations of vitamin E (0-200 mg/kg) and selenium (0-0.2 mg/kg diet) either alone or in combinations from 1 to 42 d of age. 3. Chicks were immunised against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine at 21 d of age and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres were determined after 10 d. 4. Chicks receiving supplements of 200 mg vitamin E/kg and 0.2 mg selenium/kg produced significantly higher HI antibody titres. This was associated with an increased serum concentration of total immunoglobulins and circulatory immune complexes. 5. The chicks given 200 mg vitamin E/kg and 0.2 mg selenium/kg had significantly heavier spleen and bursa. 6. These results suggested that vitamin E and selenium have synergistic effects on immune responses.     

有机硒和维生素E对母猪生产性能的影响

试验采用随机区组设计,2×2因子设计,在相同的日粮基础上,妊娠期和哺乳期分别添加0.3 mg/kg亚硒酸钠(以硒计)+22 IU/kg VE0、.3 mg/kg酵母硒(以硒计)+22 IU/kgVE0、.3 mg/kg亚硒酸钠(以硒计)+44 IU/kg VE、0.3 mg/kg酵母硒(以硒计)+44 IU/kg VE的日粮。结果表明:妊娠1 d、妊娠60 d、哺乳3 d、哺乳14 d,0.3 mg/kg酵母硒(以硒计)+44 IU/kg VE的日粮获得母猪血清中硒的最高含量。妊娠1 d、妊娠60 d、哺乳3 d、哺乳14 d,各处理母猪血清中抗氧化指标GSH-PX差异不显著。哺乳3 d、哺乳14 d各阶段均反映出0.3 mg/kg酵母硒(以硒计)+44 IU/kg VE的日粮获得乳猪血清中硒的最高含量。不同处理对不同阶段乳猪血清中GSH-PX的含量,哺乳第3 d各处理差异不显著;哺乳14 d添加0.3 mg/kg亚硒酸钠(以硒计)+22 IU/kg VE的处理和0.3 mg/kg酵母硒(以硒计)+44 IU/kg VE处理差异显著(P0.05)。