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在太行山石灰岩中山区,以侧柏、油松2年生苗为研究对象,选择地膜、石块等材料覆盖,进行水分胁迫试验,每天3次用TDR测定土壤含水量,记录苗木严重萎蔫时的时间。结果表明:地膜覆盖盆植侧柏苗各层土壤温度均高于对照,而在生态垫覆盖下均低于对照;两种覆盖处理均能明显增加侧柏苗的土壤体积含水量,且延长侧柏苗存活天数10 d以上;覆盖处理盆植油松苗各层土壤温度与对照间均无显著差异;地膜和生态垫覆盖下油松苗的土壤体积含水量显著高于对照,石块覆盖下的土壤体积含水量与对照间无显著差异;地膜、生态垫、石块覆盖的油松幼树存活天数明显长于对照,以地膜覆盖延长的时间最多;侧柏苗和油松苗的致死土壤体积含水量分别为6.7%和7.8%。 相似文献
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不同覆盖方式对油茶造林效果的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了稻草覆盖、薄膜覆盖和杂草覆盖等3种不同林地覆盖方式对油茶造林效果的影响。结果表明:3种覆盖方式均显著提高了0~40 cm表层土壤的含水量,并显著提高了油茶幼林的造林成活率和生长量。3种覆盖方式的效果为稻草覆盖薄膜覆盖杂草覆盖。 相似文献
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为了提高岷江干旱河谷地区造林成活率和保存率,开展了乡土树种岷江柏、刺槐、榆树以及引进树种辐射松等4个树种造林试验研究,对黑地膜、白地膜、石块覆盖以及不加覆盖物(对照)4种处理方式的成活情况与生长情况等进行观察分析.结果表明:从处理方式上看,表现为覆盖处理均较对照好.其中以白地膜处理下表现最好,成活率达83.25%,保存率达79.18%;黑地膜表现次之,成活率与保存率分别为80.75%和76.75%;石块处理下,分别为75.50%和71.05%;而对照仅为65.5%和54.27%.从不同树种的生长表现上看,岷江柏表现最好,成活率与保存率分别达到92.00%和88.00%;榆树较好,二者分别达到91.67%和85.67%;刺槐次之,二者分别为81.67%和74.67%;辐射松最差,成活率仅为54.20%,保持率仅为54.03%. 相似文献
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在太行山北段雁门关进行了9个树种的荒山造林对比试验,应用EM50土壤水分测定系统对油松容器苗不同规格整地、不同覆盖处理的土壤水分进行动态监测。结果表明:除油松、樟子松外,杜松、沙地柏对寒旱瘠薄困难立地有良好的适应性;以土壤含水量的单位增量费用为标准,确定中小规格的整地(0.8m×0.6m×0.4m,0.6m×0.5m×0.4m)、“石块+地膜双层覆盖”或“石块单层覆盖”方法是太行山北段困难立地最经济有效的植被恢复技术措施,提出了基于抗旱树种容器苗及相关配套造林技术集成的植被恢复技术对策。 相似文献
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为了研究辽西地区玉米秸秆还田覆膜对土壤水分含量的影响,在大田中设置了玉米秸秆不同还田量的试验。试验设计为4个秸秆还田量水平,对照为秸秆不还田。结果表明:不同秸秆还田量各处理0~40 cm土层土壤含水量和对照比较都有明显提高,而且除了600 kg.hm-2还田处理外,差异都达到了极显著水平,同一个处理土壤各层次之间的含水量多数差异都达到了显著或者极显著水平,且总体趋势表现为表层含水量低于中下层。但综合来看,还田量12 000 kg.hm-2效果最佳,适合在当地推广。 相似文献
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【目的】了解覆盖对毛竹Phyllostachys edulis林土壤物理性质及养分含量的影响,为毛竹笋用林覆盖经营提供理论依据。【方法】以湖北省咸宁市毛竹林为研究对象,采用不同覆盖措施连续覆盖3 a,分析比较不同土壤层次间物理性质及养分含量的差异。【结果】覆盖可改善表层(0~10 cm)土壤的物理性质,使该层土壤容重显著降低,毛管孔隙度、毛管持水量和最大持水量等显著提高(P<0.05)。覆盖对土壤全钾、有效磷和速效钾含量有显著影响,覆盖能显著提高表层土壤全氮、全磷、有效磷和速效钾含量及较深层(10~20 cm和20~40 cm)土壤有效磷和速效钾含量。总体来说,随着土壤层次的加深,覆盖对土壤养分的影响程度逐渐减小。毛竹林覆盖后,不同土层间土壤物理性质及养分含量存在显著差异,主要表现为随着土壤层次的加深,土壤最大持水量、毛管持水量、毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度等显著降低,土壤容重则表现出相反的趋势;除全钾外,其他土壤养分含量均在0~10 cm层最高。【结论】在不考虑其他因素的情况下,以稻草20 cm+谷壳10 cm方式覆盖对毛竹林土壤物理性质及养分含量的影响较好。 相似文献
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为了解有机覆盖物对城市绿地土壤水分和温度的影响,文章选择城市公园绿地对地表分别进行了覆盖3cm、5cm有机覆盖物和未覆盖空白对照三种处理试验,研究了0~10cm、10~20cm、20~30cm和30~40cm不同土层的水分和温度变化。结果表明:(1)三种覆盖处理土壤含水量的季节变化趋势一致。土壤含水量在0~10cm波动最大,随着土壤深度的增加,这种波动表现得越来越弱。(2)覆盖3cm有机物处理在四个土壤层次均高于空白对照,而在10~20cm和20~30cm的增加量最多;覆盖5cm有机物处理只在0~10cm明显的高于空白对照。(3)不同覆盖处理的土壤温度的季节变化趋势一致。相对于空白对照,覆盖处理的土壤日温变化幅度要明显小于空白对照,其中覆盖3cm和5cm有机物的处理比对照区在炎热的夏季土壤温度分别降低了2.0℃和0.9℃,而在寒冷的冬季升高了0.9℃和1.4℃。同时,覆盖处理也减小了不同土层深度的温度变幅。
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Early and significant influences on soil physical properties are expected in temperate agroforests as a consequence of various
soil and/or understory management practises. Soil physical characteristics were studied in an agroforestry trial of common
walnut (Juglans regia L.) set up on a volcanic soil in central Italy, where clean cultivation, polyethylene mulching along
tree rows and intercropping of walnut with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) were tested. Soil total porosity, size distribution
and morphology of pores, and available water were evaluated during the second and the fourth growing season of the plantation
to determine the possible influence and duration of the treatments on soil physical properties. In the first sampling the
total porosity was two to three times greater than in the second one and no significant differences were found between treatments.
Seasonal variation in total porosity was observed, with a maximum in summer. All dimensional classes of pores > 50 μm were
well represented, thus indicating an adequate soil structure. In the fourth growing season total porosity and pore size distribution
were very similar in clean cultivation and mulching so that the mulching effect on the structural characteristics of this
soil was equivalent to that of repeated rototilling in clean-cultivated plots. Moreover, mulching stimulated more biological
activity, resulting in a higher proportion of rounded pores. Alfalfa roots created a more homogeneous environment to a depth
of 35 cm, with a greater presence of elongated pores in the range 50--500 μm that could make movement of water easier. Most
of the water retained was unavailable for plants, so that competition between walnuts and alfalfa took place and could be
associated with the lower stem growth of intercropped walnuts.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Effects of Different Covering Ways on Emergence Rate of Sophora japonica L. Afforested by Direct Seeding 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
LI Qingmei LIU Yan XING Shangjun SONG Yumin MA Fengyun HOU Longyu . Research Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing P.R. China . Forestry College of Sh ong Agricultural University Tai’an P. R. China . Sh ong Academy of Forestry Jinan P. R. China . Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2008,(3):65-69
In order to maintain higher emergence rate with direct seeding in Shandong rocky mountain, effects of different covering ways on emergence rate of Sophora japonica L. direct seeding were studied. The results showed that both mulching film and grass cover could effectively increase the moisture content of the soil at the depth of 0-30 cm, contributing to soil moisture conservation and the inhibition of soil evaporation, which created favorable moisture environment for the growth of S. japonica seeds. Both th... 相似文献
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在非生长季,城市绿地中地表覆盖物在缓解空气颗粒物污染方面起到重要作用。文章以北京市海淀区道路绿地作为研究对象,使用分层抽样的方法选出37条道路作为道路样本进行实地调查,分析了非生长季地表覆盖特征及影响要素,初步得到以下结论:(1)复合覆盖模式比单一覆盖模式绿地的灌草及地表覆盖率高,超过15个百分点,且覆盖面积超过80%。(2)非生长季灌草及地表覆盖率分别为76.9%和68.94%。有约30%道路绿地是裸露的,较生长季的45%有所改善。(3)灌草覆盖率超过80%的绿地单元数量占绿地单元总数的37.72%,超过60%的绿地单元数量占绿地单元总数的53.51%,两者都低于生长季;而地表覆盖率超过80%的绿地单元数量占绿地单元总数的23.68%,超过60%的绿地单元数量占绿地单元总数的40.35%,都显著高于生长季。(4)海淀区道路绿地地表覆盖质量整体较好,但四环-五环的绿地区域存在盲区,地表覆盖质量差。最后,文章分析了造成海淀区道路绿地地表土壤裸露的原因,以及养护管理方面存在的问题,并提出生态养护等相关建议。 相似文献