Transarticular Application of the Kirschner-Ehmer Splint

Transarticular application of the Kirschner-Ehmer (K-E) splint provides for rigid stabilization of periarticular injuries. It prevents further trauma to injured tissues, facilitates management of concurrent soft tissue injuries, and in certain cases is clearly superior to other methods of articular stabilization.     

Surgical Management of Proximal Splint Bone Fractures in the Horse

Fractures of Metacarpal and Metatarsal II and IV (the splint bones) were treated in 283 horses over an 11 year period. In 21 cases the proximal portion of the fractured bone was stabilized with metallic implants. One or more cortical bone screws were used in 11 horses, and bone plates were applied in 11 horses. One horse received both treatments. Complications of screw fixation included bone failure, implant failure, radiographic lucency around the screws, and proliferative new bone at the ostectomy site. Only two of the horses treated with screw fixation returned to their intended use. Complications of plate fixation included partial fixation failure (backing out of screws), wound drainage, and proliferative bony response around the plate. Six of the 11 horses treated by plate fixation returned to their intended use. The authors recommend consideration of plate fixation techniques for repair of fractures in the proximal third of the splint bone.     

Surgical Treatment of Complicated Fractures of the Splint Bones in the Horse

The clinical signs, diagnosis, surgical treatment, and postoperative results in 8 horses with comminuted or open fractures of the splint bone are described. Surgical therapy was chosen to hasten the convalescent period, prevent large callus formation, improve cosmetic appearance, and, in open fractures, for aggressive wound management. Four horses used for nonracing purposes had full recovery following surgery. Two of four racehorses had residual lameness after surgery. Three of four racehorses eventually raced with decreased performance.     

A retrospective study comparing conservative and surgical treatments of open comminuted fractures of the fourth metatarsal bone in horses

The proximal third of metatarsal IV is predisposed to open comminuted fractures due to its superficial and prominent position and controversy exists regarding the most appropriate management for this type of fracture. Fifty‐three horses treated for open comminuted fractures of the proximal third of metatarsal IV were selected for study from 6 equine hospitals across England. Comparisons were made between the 21 horses treated conservatively and the 32 horses treated surgically. Horses treated conservatively at referral centres had comparable rates of survival, rates of return to full work and convalescent periods but a significantly lower cost than those treated surgically. The results of this study suggest that aggressive conservative therapy may be indicated in open comminuted fractures of the proximal third of metatarsal IV.     

Evaluation of Surgical Removal of Fractured Distal Splint Bones in the Horse

Between January 1977 and June 1980, 38 Standardbred and 23 Thoroughbred horses had fractured distal splint bones removed surgically. Standardbred horses were treated significantly more frequently compared with the hospital population. The incidence of distal splint bone fractures in the front legs was significantly greater (p 0.05) than in the rear legs in both breeds. Associated suspensory desmitis was present in 81% of Standardbred and 67% of Thoroughbred horses at the time of surgery.
The most common radiographic sign was fracture with associated callus. It was not possible to correlate preoperative radiographic signs with presence of associated suspensory desmitis. One Thoroughbred horse developed a large mass of amorphous bone at the surgical site which required a second surgical procedure.
Follow-up information was available on 21 of 38 Standardbred and 17 of 23 Thoroughbred horses. There was no correlation found between preoperative radiographic signs or the location and number of distal splint bone fractures with postoperative results. Twenty-five percent of Standardbreds that had preoperative suspensory desmitis eventually reached at least their previous level of performance. None of the Thoroughbred racehorses with preoperative suspensory desmitis returned to their previous level of performance. Five of 17 Thoroughbred horses were pleasure horses, and all were reported "sound for intended use" following surgery; however, only four of five were used at their previous level of performance.
The significant feature in the prognosis of distal splint bone fractures in this series was the presence of associated suspensory desmitis. Postsurgical performance was limited by the recurrence of suspensory desmitis.     

Fibro‐osseous tumour of the fourth metacarpal bone in a horse: Clinical,radiographic and long‐term post operative findings

This case study describes a rare case of a fibro‐osseous tumour in the distal part of the fourth metacarpal bone of a 13‐year‐old horse. The tumour was surgically removed and wound healing occurred without complications. A specific diagnosis was reached by considering the clinical and histological features of the mass. However, the process was complicated by the different classification systems for this type of tumour. When classified according to the veterinary literature, ossifying fibroma is the appropriate diagnosis, whereas in human medicine this term has been replaced.     

Bi-Phase External Skeletal Splint Fixation of Mandibular Fractures in Dogs

The technique for stabilizing the mandible using the bi-phase external splint is described. Considerations for the use of external skeletal fixation on the mandible are reviewed. Two severe mandibular fracture cases and 1 case of unilateral mandibular body excision for the treatment of oral neoplasia are presented. Excellent results have been obtained by using the bi-phase splint in dogs of moderate to large size.     

Fibro‐osseous tumour of the second metacarpal bone in a Thoroughbred filly

A 7‐month‐old Thoroughbred filly was evaluated because of an enlarging mass present on the proximomedial aspect of the left metacarpus. The mass was first noticed at age 2 months and had continued to increase in size. The mass was firm, nonpainful to palpation, covered with normal haired skin and had never been associated with lameness. Radiographs obtained at ages 2 and 7 months revealed an enlarging and partially mineralised mass associated with the second metacarpal bone. Based on the clinical and radiographic progression, as well as the location of the mass, a poor prognosis for future athletic soundness was given and the filly was subjected to euthanasia. The mass had histological features of both an ossifying fibroma and osteoma.     

小夹板外固定术在野生动物骨折治疗中的应用

动物园中野生动物由于季节发情、领地或者群体地位争夺等原因,时常出现打架、碰撞而造成骨折现象。这种骨折多为单纯长骨性骨折,骨折情况并不复杂。因此,根据野生动物恢复力强等特性,对于这种情况多采用中国传统中医治疗骨折手法,通过手法复位、小夹板固定、中药治疗,更倾向于无创治疗,最大限度地保护骨折端软组织,促进骨折快速愈合,恢复功能。     

Surgical treatment of a second metacarpal bone exostosis with associated desmitis of the body of the suspensory ligament in a horse

This report outlines the diagnosis, surgical treatment and successful outcome following treatment of second metacarpal bone exostosis with concurrent suspensory ligament desmitis, and lameness in a horse. Magnetic resonance imaging was useful in determining the extent of pathology within the suspensory ligament and site of proposed surgical resection. MRI was also utilised as a post-operative tool in determining the timescale for satisfactory healing to enable the horse to return to athletic work.     

Active tension‐extension splints: A novel technique for management of congenital flexural deformities affecting the distal limb in the foal

A variety of methods are described for managing distal limb flexural deformities in the foal, including intravenous oxytetracycline and splint or cast use. This case series describes a novel technique that creates an ‘active tension‐extension splint’ by wiring the toe into a custom‐made fibreglass splint and therefore into active extension. A dorsal fibreglass splint is made by halving a cast that is set around the affected leg with padding underneath it, so that it is sculpted to a more appropriate anatomical shape. Cerclage wire is placed through the toe and the dorsal aspect of the splint, then tightened to pull the limb into active extension. Foals with distal limb flexural deformities that were treated in this way were followed up by examination of hospital records and telephone questionnaire. Records were examined for 13 foals treated between 2004 and 2010. One foal developed septic osteitis of the distal phalanx due to suspected laminar penetration; other post operative complications seen were bandage sores and minor cosmetic scarring. Out of 10 foals where follow‐up by questionnaire was available, 8 had complete resolution of their deformity following active tension‐extension splinting, one required inferior check ligament desmotomy for complete correction and one had carpal flexural deformities that did not resolve. All that survived to adulthood are sound and have achieved their intended purpose. This previously unpublished technique using a wire through the toe to create an active tension‐extension splint has a high success rate for correction of congenital flexural deformities affecting the distal interphalangeal and metacarpo‐/metatarsophalangeal joints in the foal. The majority of post operative complications are minor and easily managed. This is a simple technique that can improve the management of neonatal distal limb deformities both in a hospital situation and for equine practitioners in the field.     

Diffuse osteomyelitis of the fourth metacarpal bone in a horse caused by Clostridium perfringens

Osteomyelitis in adult horses, often associated with trauma or iatrogenic infection following surgery, usually presents as a focal area of infected bone. Diffuse osteomyelitis, affecting both the cortex and medulla, along the full length of a bone is encountered less frequently and treatment of such infections is not well reported in horses. The 2-year-old Warmblood mare in this case was diagnosed with diffuse osteomyelitis affecting the 4th metacarpal bone with concurrent unicortical fracture of the third metacarpal bone following traumatic injury. Computed tomography (CT) aided diagnosis in this case, providing critical additional detail to that obtained with radiography and ultrasound. This case highlights the value of CT in the diagnosis of diffuse osteomyelitis. This is the first reported case of diffuse osteomyelitis caused by Clostridium perfringens in horses. Successful treatment in this case consisted of surgical debridement of the associated abscess, followed by systemic and locoregional antimicrobial therapies.     

Surgical correction of pectus excavatum in two cats

Two sexually intact male Bengal cats, one a 4-month-old weighing 2.8 kg and the other, a 3-month-old weighing 2.0 kg, were presented to the University of Missouri-Columbia Veterinary Teaching Hospital for evaluation of respiratory distress. On initial presentation, both cats were dyspneic, exercise intolerant, and had marked concave deformation of the caudal sternum. Surgical correction of pectus excavatum was performed using a cylindrical external splint and U-shaped external splint. Post-operative thoracic radiography revealed that there was decreased concavity of the sternum and increased thoracic height at the level of the caudal sternebrae in both cats.     

Treatment of incisive bone fracture in a horse using an acrylic splint

A ventrally displaced incisive bone fracture was diagnosed in a 3-year-old Andalusian stallion. Symptoms included swelling of the lips, dysphagia and ptyalism. External manipulation revealed pain and crepitus in the gingival region of the rostral maxilla. An intraoral examination revealed upper gingival haematomas, misalignment and malocclusion of the incisors (prognathism). A radiograph of the rostral maxilla confirmed ventrally displaced bilateral fractures of the incisive portion of the maxilla rostral to the canine teeth (Triadan 104/204). The fracture was reduced under general anaesthesia. A methylmethacrylate intraoral splint was used to stabilise the fracture. Post operative radiographs confirmed the fracture reduction. Post operative clinical control confirmed the correct position of the splint. No complications were encountered in the post operative period and good stabilisation was obtained. The splint was removed 60 days post operatively. The use of an acrylic intraoral splint successfully stabilised a bilateral, ventrally displaced incisive bone fracture. Normal occlusion was obtained. The use of an acrylic splint may represent a relatively simple, inexpensive and noninvasive technique for the repair of incisive bone fractures rostral to canine teeth in horses.     

TRANSFIXATION PIN SPLINTING AS AN ALTERNATIVE EXTERNAL COAPTATION METHOD IN DOMESTIC RABBIT (ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS) LONG BONE FRACTURES

Two male intact dwarf rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), 20 and 26 months old, were diagnosed with traumatic long bone fractures of the radius/ulna and tibia, respectively. Transfixation pin splinting, a technique adapted from large animal orthopedics, was used to stabilize the long bone fractures in both rabbits. Bony union with return to normal limb function was achieved in both cases within 6 weeks. The 2 cases were followed for up to 14 months after surgery, and each patient's affected leg returned to normal function. Transfixation pin splints can provide a safe and effective alternative to traditional small animal fracture repairs in domestic rabbits.     

中国饲料工业协会第五届理事会顾问、会长、常务副会长、副会长、秘书长、副秘书长、常务理事、理事名单

顾问刘中一张德邻宋瑞祥聂振邦张子仪戎易王维四会长白美清国务院原副秘书长、第四届理事会会长常务副会长(8人,以姓氏笔划为序)刘永好新希望集团董事长、第四届理事会副会长刘汉元通威股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陈丹广东恒兴集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长张延喜农业部原副部长、第四届理事会副会长吴明夏湖南正虹科技发展股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长陶一山唐人神集团股份有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长温鹏程广东温氏食品集团有限公司董事长、第四届理事会副会长谭竹洲原化学工业部副部长、第…