共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 328 毫秒
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林下郁闭度对竹荪产量影响分析与效益评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对不同林分生态环境中郁闭度对林下栽植竹荪产量影响分析,结果表明:不同林分生态环境对林下栽植的竹荪产量影响具有共性,郁闭度为0.6的环境中竹荪产量最高,郁闭度为0.8的竹荪产量其次,竹荪产量最低的为郁闭度为0.4林分生态环境。应用Tukey分析方法对不同林分生态环境中郁闭度因子对竹荪产量影响进行方差分析,郁闭度为0.6的生态环境与郁闭度为0.8、郁闭度为0.4的生态环境间均存在1%的极显著差异,郁闭度为0.8的林分环境与郁闭度为0.4的林分环境之间对栽植的竹荪产量也存在1%的极显著差异。相同郁闭度生态环境中不同林分条件下竹荪产量大小为:阔叶树>竹林>针叶树。林下栽植竹荪具有较好的经济效益,竹荪产量可达480.00kg/hm^2,纯收入可达30750元/hm^2。 相似文献
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为了研究林分结构与生产力功能之间的关系,探讨确定杉木-闽楠混交林的合理林分结构,为维持群落结构稳定和提高林木生产力提供依据。以湖南省永州市金洞林场杉木-闽楠混交林为研究对象,利用获取的调查数据,运用主成分分析方法,分析平均胸径、平均高、郁闭度、混交度等林分结构因子与生产力功能间的耦合作用。建立林分结构与功能的耦合关系模型,对林分结构和生产力功能进行分析,结果表明,林分结构因子与生产力功能密切相关。生产力综合评价指数较高的林分具有的特征为:中等密度(1 500株/hm~2)、郁闭度为0.7左右、林层结构为复层林。这种结构特征有利于保持较好的生产力功能,是金洞林场杉木-闽楠混交林的最佳林分结构。 相似文献
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在福建柏人工林生物量中 ,乔木层占主要部分 (90 %以上 ) ,其次是枯枝落叶层 ,下木活地被物层最小 ;林分总生物量、乔木层、凋落物层生物量随年龄的增大而增大 ,下木活地被物层随郁闭度的增加而减少。不同龄级的福建柏林分生产力差异明显 ,以Ⅵ龄级的林分生产力最大 ,生产力的总趋势随龄级的增加而增大 ,至Ⅵ龄级后又减少。福建柏人工林胸径与枝叶重、干重、枝重、叶重呈极显著相关 ,结合树高因子 ,可建立相关方程W =aDbHc。 相似文献
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对2005年12月发生在广州地区桉树人工林火烧林分的调在表明:不同类型地被物产生的地表火的强度不同,对桉树造成的烧伤程度亦不同;各种地被物的组成中,形成的地表火强度由强到弱顺序为五节芒+芒萁>五节芒+芒其+锡叶藤+假鹰爪>芒萁+白茅>芒萁+桃金娘+车轮梅;低度的地表火对桉树的高生长有促进作用,而中度、高度和强度地表火对桉树高生长不利. 相似文献
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Alicia L. Reiner Nicole M. Vaillant JoAnn Fites-Kaufman Scott N. Dailey 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009,258(11):2365-2372
Due to increases in tree density and hazardous fuel loading in Sierra Nevadan forests, land management is focusing on fuel reduction treatments to moderate the risk of catastrophic fires. Fuel treatments involving mechanical and prescribed fire methods can reduce surface as well as canopy fuel loads. Mastication is a mechanical method which shreds smaller trees and brush onto the surface fuel layer. Little data exist quantifying masticated fuel beds. Despite the paucity of data on masticated fuels, land managers desire fuel loading, potential fire behavior and fire effects such as tree mortality information for masticated areas. In this study we measured fuel characteristics before and after mastication and mastication plus prescribed burn treatments in a 25-year old ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa C. Lawson) plantation. In addition to surface fuel characteristics and tree data collection, bulk density samples were gathered for masticated material. Regressions were created predicting masticated fuel loading from masticated fuel bed depth. Total masticated fuel load prior to fire treatment ranged from 25.9 to 42.9 Mg ha−1, and the bulk density of masticated fuel was 125 kg m−3. Mastication treatment alone showed increases in most surface fuel loadings and decreases in canopy fuel loads. Masticated treatment in conjunction with prescribed burning reduced both surface and canopy fuel loads. Detailed information on fuel structure in masticated areas will allow for better predictions of fire behavior and fire effects for fire in masticated fuel types. Understanding potential fire behavior and fire effects associated with masticated fuels will allow managers to make decisions on the possibility of mastication to create fuel breaks or enhance forest health. 相似文献
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XIEFu-ju XIAODu-ning LIXiu-zhen WANGXu-gao SHIBao-dong 《林业研究》2005,16(2):125-131
The restoration of forest landscape has drawn much attention since the catastrophic fire took place on the northern slope of Great Xing‘an Mountains in 1987. Forest canopy density, which has close relation to forest productivity, was selected as a key factor to find how much the forest quality was changed 13 years after fire, and how fire severity, regeneration way and terrain factors influenced the restoration of forest canopy density, based on forest inventory data in China, and using Kendall Bivariate Correlation Analysis, and Distances Correlation Analysis. The results showed that fire severity which was inversely correlated with forest canopy density grade was an initial factor among all that selected. Regeneration way which did not remarkably affect forest canopy density restoration in short period, may shorten the cycle of forest succession and promote the forest productivity of conophorium in the future, Among the three terrain factors, the effect of slope was the strongest, the position on slope was the second and the aspect was the last. 相似文献
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典型选样调查测定,分析马尾松、大头茶常绿针阔混交林的森林特征、种群结构、林分结构、生物量结构及生态功能。结果表明:1.该混交林是亚热带常绿阔叶林前一阶段的过渡性森林类型,在干扰状态下保持其相对的稳定性。2.复层、异龄现象是该混交林的主要特征。建群种充分利用了林地空间营养面积,发挥了林地的生产潜力。叶面积指数达6.86~8.83,林分木材蓄积量达160~222m~3/ha,林分总生物量达114~163t/ha。其中,乔木层生物量达105~154t/ha。光照充足的林下,草本层生物量可达2.5t/ha,对庇护地表起到了最直接、最明显的作用,而调节林冠密度,可控制或促进草本层生物量的增长。3.此种混交林改善了森林立地的蓄水功能和贮水方式。林地土壤最大贮水量达2645~4100t/ha,降水贮存量达565~1256t/ha,林地枯枝落叶层饱和持水量达4589~8702kg/ha。该类型达到了生态与经济效益兼顾,可在我国南方亚热带山地各类工程造林中推广应用。 相似文献
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【目的】城镇森林交界域火灾频繁发生,使民生经济遭受严重危害。使用随机森林模型对省域内的城镇森林交界域火灾风险与影响因子的关系进行空间建模,探究随机森林模型在拟合、解释交界域火灾风险方面的优势,并与森林火灾风险的影响因子对比,为进一步评估城镇森林交界域火险提供依据。【方法】研究基于安徽省2002—2011年火灾历史数据,采用气候、地理环境、人类活动、社会经济等方面的9个因子作为自变量,月均火灾密度作为因变量。使用特征选择方法得到模型内不同自变量的贡献度、统计特征以及内部模型的平均表现,选择出进入最后模型中的自变量;使用随机森林模型对城镇森林交界域火灾风险进行解释,分析影响城镇森林交界域火灾风险和森林火灾风险的重要因子。【结果】关键自变量对城镇森林交界域火灾风险的影响程度大小排序依次为:道路线密度、铁路线密度、月均最高温度、归一化植被指数、人口密度以及海拔;对森林火灾风险则为:月均最高温度、归一化植被指数、道路线密度、铁路线密度、人口密度以及海拔;经过训练与计算发现随机森林模型在5个子模型的训练集与测试集的表现基本一致,拟合值与实际值的简单相关系数均达0.90以上,可见随机森林模型对交界域火灾风险和森林火灾风险表现出显著的解释能力;此外,随机森林模型在总体数据集上进行了拟合,得到城镇森林交界域火灾风险的拟合值与实际值的相关性为0.997,森林火灾风险的拟合值与实际值的相关性为0.996,表明了随机森林模型具备极强的火灾风险拟合性能。【结论】影响城镇森林交界域火灾发生的最重要自变量是道路和铁路线密度,而对森林火灾则是月均最高温度与归一化植被指数,可见城镇森林交界域火灾发生人类活动因素密切相关。随机森林算法对城镇森林交界域火灾风险和森林火灾风险都能表现出稳健的和非常准确的拟合能力,是一个非常有用的工具。 相似文献
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燕山山地华北落叶松人工林生物多样性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生物多样性与生境因子、林分自身因子、经营措施之间的动态变化规律研究,是开展森林经营的重要基础。通过典型样地调查,运用ForStat2.0统计方法,对燕山山地木兰林管局华北落叶松人工林生物多样性与生境因子、林分因子、经营措施之间相关系数,以及生物多样性各指数随林龄、郁闭度的变化趋势进行系统分析。研究表明:海拔、坡度、坡向、坡位、林龄、密度、郁闭度、混交比是影响该地区物种多样性的重要因子。生物多样性指数随林龄、郁闭度的变化趋势基本符合偏正态分布。据此认为森林经营管理过程中,通过及时调整林分密度,将有利于生物多样性保护,从而提高森林生态系统稳定性。 相似文献
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There is a lack of knowledge to identify and classify forest structures according to the risk of crown fires, especially in
Mediterranean regions. In this study, for the first time, we use real information, obtained after a wildfire that burnt under
extreme meteorological conditions, to classify forest structures of Pinus halepensis into fuel types as a function of crown fire potential. We identified fourteen forest structures which characterize many forest
types in Western Mediterranean areas depending on canopy closure, number of tree layers, percent of each tree layer and overall
tree density. By using the pattern of fire types that burnt the most numerous forest structures, we have identified four fire
hazard groups of forest structures which are considered different fuel types. The first two had the lowest risk of active
crown fires and they differed in the proportion of surface fires and passive crown fires. The third fuel type was the threshold
between structures with low and high extreme fire behavior; while the fourth had a high risk of active crown fires. Firefighters
and forest managers who are demanding this kind of schema, will test and upgrade this classification of fuel types in function
of crown fire potential during future wildfires. 相似文献
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[目的]提出一种结合辐射传输模型与遥感云平台反演火烧迹地冠层含水量(Canopy water content,CWC)的新方法,弥补目前对火烧迹地恢复阶段植被含水量的监测,为定量监测植被水分与火灾预警提供理论参考.[方法]以内蒙古自治区根河市火烧迹地为研究对象,基于INFORM辐射传输模型,使用查找表的方法反演森林冠层... 相似文献
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对德化县森林火灾的发生规律、森林可燃物的分布特点及燃烧特性等进行统计分析,结果表明:无计划的农业生产用火是导致森林火灾发生的最主要因素,郁闭度小于0.8的针叶林分是德化县多年来森林火灾主要发生区和受灾区。根据德化的实际情况,森林火灾防控主要应从阻隔火源与可燃物的接触入手,强化林火阻隔体系建设,加强野外火源管理,配合其它防控措施,从而达到森林火灾防控的目的。 相似文献