Perceptions of science. The anatomical mission to Burma

Until the 1830s, most Americans were unfamiliar with the images of anatomy. Then a small vanguard of reformers and missionaries began to preach, at home and around the world, that an identification with the images and concepts of anatomy was a crucial part of the civilizing process. In his essay, Sappol charts the changes in the perception of self that resulted from this anatomical evangelism. Today, as anatomical images abound in the arts and the media, we still believe that anatomical images show us our inner reality.     

医学文献检索课的教学实践与体会

阐述了医学文献检索课教学的体会,提出医学文献检索课存在的主要问题及对教学改革措施提出建议。     

2000～2009年《中华医学图书情报杂志》载文、作者及研究机构的定量分析

运用文献计量学方法对2000～2009年《中华医学图书情报杂志》论文年代分布、核心作者、合著率、论文研究机构等进行统计分析,揭示了该刊的学术质量及特色,提出了进一步提高《中华医学图书情报杂志》质量的若干措施,为该刊及同类刊物今后的发展提供了参考数据。     

新型农村合作医疗制度对农民就医决策的影响——基于“中国健康与营养调查”数据的双重差分估计

基于"中国健康与营养调查"数据中2000、2004、2006及2009年共4期的县级面板数据,从农民医疗服务利用中就医决策角度,对新型农村合作医疗制度的政策效果进行实证分析。利用新型农村合作医疗制度逐步覆盖的特征,借鉴双重差分模型,分析了新型农村合作医疗制度对农民到正规医疗机构就诊的影响。结果表明,新型农村合作医疗制度提高了农民患者到正规医疗机构就诊的比例,使得农民患者到正规医疗机构就诊占比提高了2.4%左右。时间趋势研究表明,新型农村合作医疗制度对农民就医决策的影响具有持续性的正效应,且对2009年农民就医决策的影响具有显著的统计学意义,达到11.9%。     

匹茨堡大学医学中心腔镜微创食管切除术101例临床分析

目的了解匹茨堡大学医学中心施行101例腔镜微创食管切除术的疗效。方法分析101例腔镜微创食管切除术的基本手术技术、手术时间、住院时间、出血量、吻合口瘘发生和死亡情况。结果腔镜微创食管切除、食管胃胸腔内成功吻合93例,手术平均时间6．5h,术中转开腹2例、开胸6例,平均出血量300mL,淋巴结清扫平均为15．6个。术后患者在重症监护室的时间平均为1d,平均住院时间7d,食管胃吻合口瘘2例,死亡1例。结论腔镜微创食管切除术安全、可靠,患者术后恢复快,并发症少,并可进行相关区域淋巴结的根治性清扫。     

蜂蜜在医疗中的应用

蜂蜜在古今中外就被认为是一种具有医疗保健作用的滋补营养食品 ,亦被我国传统医学列为具有医疗作用的药品。实验证明 ,蜂蜜对于心脏病、高血压、肝脏病、肺病、便秘、贫血、呼吸系统疾病、神经系统疾病及胃肠道疾病等都有一定的治疗作用。在我国古代医书中多有用蜂蜜治病的配方。     

Eruption of el chichon volcano, chiapas, Mexico, 28 march to 7 april 1982

El Chichón volcano erupted at 2322 hours on 28 March 1982 after being dormant during historic times. Three major eruptions of tephra occurred between that date and 7 April, discharging approximately 0.3 cubic kilometer of andesitic pyroclastic material. The initial eruption produced crystal-rich tephra of higher silica and alkali content than the lithic pyroclastic materials of the second and third eruptions. The initial tephra consists of primarily juvenile materials, whereas the later eruptions produced both lithic and juvenile fractions.     

“秦美”和“海沃德”猕猴桃采后对1-MCP处理的反应

以“秦美”和“海沃德”猕猴桃为试材,研究了100 nL/L 1-甲基环丙烯(1-M CP)处理对采后果实的呼吸速率、乙烯释放速率、果肉硬度、可滴定酸含量及可溶性固形物含量的影响。结果表明,100 nL/L 1-M CP可抑制0℃贮藏期内猕猴桃的呼吸速率和乙烯释放速率,有效延缓0℃贮藏期及货架期果肉硬度和可滴定酸含量的下降,抑制可溶性固形物含量增加;“海沃德”猕猴桃果实的软化进程比“秦美”慢,可溶性固形物含量也较“秦美”高,表现出了良好的贮藏性和食用品质。     

对"农村城市化"的异议

“农村城市化”作为一个似是而非的口号，不符合当代中国的国情，容易引起人们片面理解农村发展规律，轻视农村工作，加重人才外流趋势，带来新的农村和城市问题，对农村发展道路的探讨，我们要以史为鉴，立足现实，面向未来。     

深化"两课"改革实现"三性"目标

“两课”教学是对大学生进行思想政治教育的主要渠道，“前瞻性”、“针对性”、“实效性”等“三性”目标是“两课”发挥作用的主线。“三个代表”是“两课”“三性”目标实现的思想保障，提高教师素质，充实教学内容，改进教学方法，优化课堂环境，是“两课”“三性”目标实现的具体措施。     

The impact of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme on the “health poverty alleviation” of rural households in China

This study investigates the impact of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme(NRCMS) on rural households to escape poverty. We employ the instrumental variable method, the IVProbit model, to analyze the national data from the rural-resident field survey by the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) in 2016. Based on the large-scale data, we found that, first, the hospitalization of family members is the key factor in increasing the risk of the family falling into poverty. The NRCMS has significantly reduced the likely risk of falling into poverty. Second, the impact of the NRCMS on poverty alleviation varies among groups with different levels of income. There is no impact on the upper-middle and high-income groups; in contrast, the NRCMS has substantially improved the capacity of low-income rural families to prevent poverty due to illness, especially for the lower-middle-income group. Third, there exist significant regional differences in the impact of NRCMS on the health poverty alleviation of rural households in China. The NRCMS has successfully reduced the risk of rural households in the western region falling into poverty, simultaneously, no significant impact on those in the eastern and central regions. In order to diminish and eliminate poverty eventually and boost rural residents' capacity for income acquisition, we propose the following: raise the actual compensation ratio of the NRCMS, control the rising expense of NRCMS by promoting the payment method reform, construct the comprehensive healthcare system in the western region, strengthen the medical security for the poor in remote area, and enhance the living environment for rural residents.     

从“以人为本”到“以民为本”——新农村建设路径探析

从培训新型农民和调动农民积极性两个方面阐述了如何在新农村建设坚持"以人为本",发挥农民的主体作用。     

“旱改水”整治研究进展

研究意义：耕地资源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的物质基础，如今全球人地矛盾突出，耕地面积逐年下降，“旱改水”无疑是响应我国整治农用地，守住耕地红线和贯彻落实“占优补优，占水田补水田”的有力举措。数据来源：CNKI和Web of Science数据库。研究方法：文献分析法、归纳统计法。结果发现：（1）旱改水的适宜性评价和潜力系数评估，方法繁多，评价标准不一，评测的结果也参差不齐，未形成较为统一的评价体系；（2）现有的关于适宜旱改水的土地类型研究，土地种类单一，代表性不足，甚至还有大量的适宜性土地类型研究处于空白；（3）现有研究多集中于理论潜力研究，现实潜力研究以及理论潜力与现实潜力对比分析方面的研究发文量较少，可以作为“旱改水”研究的重要发展方向。（4）“旱改水”整治工程技术繁多，现有研究多为广面浅析，对于关键技术的探讨不够深入，缺乏针对性研究。     

罗盘仪测量在退耕还林项目中的应用

结合新的计算器程序、使用罗盘仪闭合导线测量法,确定退耕地块面积既精确又快捷,可为退耕还林工程节省人力、物力．