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1.
One of the many contentious issues facing the appropriate and accurate assessment of land degradation is the varying emphasis placed on vegetation degradation and soil degradation processes. This has led to the compartmentalization of land degradation assessment methods, depending on the particular perspective adopted. The land degradation assessment method presented here attempts to take into account both vegetation and soil degradation. This methodology is applied to the southern part of the Monduli District of northeast Tanzania, an area typifying the so‐called ‘affected drylands’ of Africa. Three sets of land cover maps synchronized against long‐term rainfall data (1960s, 1991 and 1999) were used to assess land degradation in the area. Utilizing these three sets of land cover maps as a basis for change detection, it is possible to distinguish areas that experienced changes in vegetation due to rainfall variability from those areas that were subject to changes consequent upon anthropological factors. All areas that displayed overall depletion of natural and semi‐natural vegetation due to human factors were deemed to have undergone land degradation, whereas areas that experienced inter‐annual land cover changes due to rainfall variability were classified as experiencing cover change due to ecosystem dynamics. This method provides a complete and appropriate assessment of land degradation in the study area and can be used to improve degradation assessment in other semiarid areas. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
K. Biro B. Pradhan M. Buchroithner F. Makeschin 《Land Degradation u0026amp; Development》2013,24(1):90-102
Several decades of intensive dry land farming in the Gadarif region, located in the Eastern part of Sudan, has led to rapid land use/land cover (LULC) changes mainly due to agricultural expansion, government policies and environmental calamities such as drought. In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse and monitor the LULC changes using multi‐temporal Landsat data for the years 1979, 1989 and 1999 and ASTER data for the year 2009. In addition, efforts were made to discuss the impact of LULC changes on the selected soil properties. For this, a post‐classification comparison technique was used to detect LULC changes from satellite images. Primarily, three main LULC types were selected to investigate the properties of soil, namely, cultivated land, fallow land and woodland. Moreover, soil samples were also collected at two depths of surface soil from ten sample plots for each of the LULC type. For these soil samples, various soil properties such as texture, bulk density, organic matter, soil pH, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, phosphorous and potassium were analysed. The results showed that a significant and extensive change of LULC patterns has occurred in the last three decades in the study area. Further, laboratory tests revealed that soil properties were significantly affected by these LULC changes. The change of the physical and chemical properties of the soil may have attributed to the changes in the LULC resulting in land degradation, which in turn has led to a decline in soil productivity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
基于多时相遥感影像分析的城市土地利用/覆盖变化与热环境演变--以徐州市为例 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
以1987,1994,2000和2005年共4期的Landsat TM遥感影像为数据源,利用先进的决策树分类法获取徐州市土地利用/覆盖信息,通过单通道算法反演地表亮温获取城市热场分布与热环境变化信息,采用土壤调节植被指数SAVI定量描述研究区植被覆盖变化,并综合采用这些信息对城市热环境演变与城市扩展、植被覆盖变化的关系进行了综合分析.结果表明,利用Landsat TM数据结合决策树分类方法,是获取土地覆盖/利用的有效方法.通过计算地表辐射亮温来研究城市热环境变化是合适的,SAVI等因子与城市热环境显著相关,能够有效地定量描述城市扩展及其生态环境响应.研究结果可服务于城市环境保护与人居环境改善. 相似文献
4.
为了获得宁夏南部山区的土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)情况,以1975、1987和2001年的Landsat MSS/TM影像为数据源,利用遥感和地理信息系统技术,通过解译分类得到研究区三期土地利用的原始数据,并以此数据计算出研究区的LUCC幅度、动态度及状态指数。研究结果表明,在1975-1987年间,耕地大量转入,草地、林地和水体大量转出,LUCC处于不平衡状态。而在1987-2001年间,草地、林地、水体开始转入,耕地开始转出,LUCC也处于不平衡状态。在1975-2001年的整个研究期中,除城市用地和未利用地一直处于增长外,其他LUCC类型都呈曲线变化,总体处于平衡状态。 相似文献
5.
2000-2015年四川省南充市土地利用/覆被变化及其驱动因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]对四川省南充市15 a间土地利用/覆被的时空变化特征及其驱动因素进行分析,为南充市的生态环境建设与可持续发展提供科学依据。[方法]基于南充市2000,2010,2015年3期Landsat影像和QuickBird高精度遥感数据,计算2000—2015年土地利用/覆被转移矩阵和土地利用/覆被状况指数。[结果]①近15 a来,南充市的土地利用/覆被类型以耕地和林地为主,约占研究区面积的80%,但各土地利用/覆被类型间都有不同程度的相互转换。②研究期内,林地面积增加1006.2 km~2,主要由耕地和草地转化而来;建设用地面积增加965.4 km~2,多由水体和耕地转化而来,而耕地、草地和水体面积分别减少了1 549.8,307.9,90.4 km~2。③近15 a来,南充市土地利用/覆被状况指数变化表明,林地和建设用地呈转好趋势(土地利用/覆被状况变化率为正值),耕地呈转差趋势(土地利用/覆被状况变化率为负值)。[结论] 2000—2015年南充市土地利用/覆被变化明显,其中,地形、人口、城市化水平和退耕还林工程等是造成南充市土地利用/覆被变化的主要驱动因素。 相似文献
6.
Xihua Yang Xiaoping Zhang Du Lv Shuiqing Yin Mingxi Zhang Qinggaozi Zhu Qiang Yu Baoyuan Liu 《Land Degradation u0026amp; Development》2020,31(15):1942-1955
The cover‐management factor (C‐factor) is used in the revised universal soil loss equation to represent the effect of vegetation cover and its management practices on hillslope erosion. Remote sensing has been widely used to estimate vegetation cover and the C‐factor, but most previous studies only used the photosynthetic vegetation (PV) or green vegetation indices (VI, e.g., normalized difference VI) for estimating the C‐factor and the important non‐PV (NPV) component was often ignored. In this study, we developed a new technique to estimate monthly time‐series C‐factor using the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) including both PV and NPV, and weighted by monthly rainfall erosivity ratio. The monthly FVC was derived from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer and LANDSAT data with field validation. We conducted the case‐study over China's Loess Plateau and analysed the spatiotemporal variations of FVC and the C‐factor and their impacts on erosion over the Plateau. Our study reveals a significant increase in total vegetation cover (TC) from 56 to 76.8%, with a mean of 71.2%, resulting in about 20% decrease in the C‐factor and erosion risk during the 17‐year period. Our method has an advantage in estimating the C‐factor from TC at a monthly scale providing a basis for continuously and consistently monitoring of vegetation cover, erosion risk and climate impacts. 相似文献
7.
H. Alphan 《Land Degradation u0026amp; Development》2003,14(6):575-586
This study analyses land‐use/land‐cover (LULC) changes in Adana city, Turkey, using satellite data of 1984 and 2000. Study of the expansion of the city over adjacent agricultural fields and semi‐natural areas was the major focus. The satellite images were classified using supervised classification prior to comparison of LULC on two different dates. The change map was produced by pixel‐to‐pixel comparison of the classified images. Urban and built‐up area increased by a factor of 2ċ07 during the 16 years; about 30 per cent on agricultural land and 70 per cent on previously semi‐natural land. Permanent immigration and urban development strategies were the main driving forces. Some policy perspectives are also given. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
为提高MODIS土地覆盖产品的分类精度,该文以河南省为试验区,首先将MODIS土地覆盖产品(MCD12Q1)分为高精度区域和低精度区域,然后通过构建时序NDVI图谱库并利用图谱曲线相似性测定方法,改进MCD12Q1低精度区域的分类精度。结果表明:1)时序NDVI是土地覆盖的重要分类特征,二者之间具有较强的关联性。2)利用时序NDVI图谱库能够明显提高MODIS土地覆盖产品的分类精度,改进后的MCD12Q1的总体分类精度分别由72.76%(比较评价)、64.52%(样本评价)提高到83.05%和81.72%。3)不同土地覆盖类别精度提高的程度不同,林地、草地、耕地、人工地表以及水体的生产者精度分别提高35.36%、29.51%、2.98%、6.96%和6.11%。4)对于判定时序NDVI曲线相似度的2种具体方法而言,最小距离法(minimum distance,MD)总体上优于光谱角度匹配法(spectral angle mapper,SAM)。综上,保留现有土地覆盖产品中分类精度较高的部分,基于时序NDVI图谱库改进分类精度较低的部分,是提高现有土地覆盖产品分类精度的有效方法。 相似文献
9.
S. de Mûelenaere A. Frankl M. Haile J. Poesen J. Deckers N. Munro S. Veraverbeke J. Nyssen 《Land Degradation u0026amp; Development》2014,25(4):319-335
The combined effects of erosive rains, steep slopes and human land use have caused severe land degradation in the Ethiopian Highlands for several thousand years, but since the 1970s, however, land rehabilitation programmes have been established to try to reverse deterioration. In order to characterize and quantify the transformations in the north Ethiopian Highlands, a study was carried out over 8884 km2 of the Tigray Highlands of northern Ethiopia. Using Landsat Multispectral Scanner and later Thematic Mapper imagery (1972, 1984/1986 and 2000), historical terrestrial photographs (1974–1975) and fieldwork (2008), we prepared land use and cover maps. For assessing the use of the historical terrestrial photographs, Landsat images from 1972 were classified using two different methods, namely conventional change detection (image differencing) and ground truthing (using the historical photographs of 1974–1975). Results show that the use of terrestrial photographs is promising, as the classification accuracy based on this method (Kappa coefficient 0·54) is better than the classification accuracy of the method based on image differencing (Kappa coefficient 0·46). Major land use and cover changes indicate the following: (1) a gradual but significant decline in bare ground (32 per cent in 1972 to 8 per cent in 2000); (2) a significant increase of bushland (25 to 43 per cent) and total forest area (including eucalypt plantations, 2·6 to 6·3 per cent); and (3) creation of numerous lakes and ponds. The dominant change trajectory (27 per cent of the study area) indicates a gradual or recent vegetation increase. These changes can be linked to the population growth and the introduction of land rehabilitation initiatives, complemented by growing awareness of land holders. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
辽河三角洲生态系统服务价值变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生态系统服务功能的变化对于区域的生态保护及可持续发展具有重要意义。利用遥感数据分析了辽河三角洲土地利用/覆盖变化,应用Costanza等提出的生态系统服务价值系数,分析了辽河三角洲土地利用/覆盖变化及其引起的生态系统服务价值的变化。结果表明,从1986~2000年,辽河三角洲湿地、水体面积大量减少,农田、城镇用地大量增加。这造成本区域的生态系统服务价值发生明显变化,从1986年的2.79×109美元减少到2000年的2.48×109美元,减少0.31×109美元。最后根据生态系统服务价值变化,从生态保护与可持续发展的角度探讨了辽河三角洲在发展中应该注意解决的问题及措施。 相似文献
11.
在遥感和地理信息系统技术支持下,分析了1954—2005年海拔高度和坡度因素对三江平原土地利用/覆被变化过程的影响。结果表明,过去近50 a,三江平原土地利用/覆被变化剧烈,其中耕地增加了2.25倍。与耕地面积急剧增加相对应的是湿地、林地和草地的大幅度减少。各土地利用类型的动态变化在不同海拔高度的地表区域有不同的表现,其中耕地的增加主要发生在海拔200 m以下的地貌部位,尤其是海拔100 m以下的地貌部位;湿地面积的减少也主要发生在海拔200 m以下的地貌部位,其中大部分发生在海拔100 m以下的地表单元。林地与草地在各个海拔高度区间的变化趋势呈波动状态。城乡工矿用地在各个海拔高度区间都有一定的变化,其中海拔200 m以下变化尤为明显。三江平原耕地面积在各个坡度级别上均呈增长趋势,在坡度小于1°的地貌部位增加最多。坡度大于10°时,耕地面积的增长比例非常小。林地、草地和湿地的变化均主要发生在坡度小于1°的地貌部位。水域、城乡工矿用地的变化主要发生在坡度较小的地貌部位。 相似文献
12.
铜川市土地利用/土地覆被动态变化研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用铜川市1987年和2002年两期TM遥感影像对该市的土地利用/土地覆被动态变化进行了研究。并结合遥感技术和地理信息系统技术,采用监督分类方法提取土地利用类型信息,分析了铜川市土地利用的数量变化特征和空间变化特征。研究结果表明,铜川市植被覆盖率(包括乔木林,灌木林,草地)由1987年的54.52%增加为2002年的64.46%,增加了近10%,退耕还林工程的实施在该区获得了显著成效;此外铜川市居民地面积增加了近1倍,主要由耕地转化而来,表明城市扩张占用耕地现象严重。 相似文献
13.
人类活动对自然保护区内的珍稀及濒危野生动植物资源产生威胁。以自然保护区土地利用及其变化作为保护区内人类活动的代表。针对在低纬度热带地区多云雾天气对光学遥感成像产生严重干扰的条件下,如何实现基于多源遥感数据构建高时间、高空间分辨率遥感数据,监测复杂地形及气候环境下的热带雨林环境自然保护区土地利用变化监测,进而分析保护区人类活动这一问题展开研究。采用时空数据融合技术实现了2000年、2004年、2010年和2015年纳板河国家级自然保护区内人类活动(主要为人类活动用地:橡胶林、耕地、建筑用地)和自然地表(水体和自然林)分类识别,结果表明:1)时空数据融合技术能够实现复杂地形以及多云多雾天气条件下的高时空分辨率遥感数据,实现基于该时间序列数据的人类活动用地较高精度识别(2000年、2004年、2010年、2015年的总体分类精度分别为88.13%、86.88%、89.38%、90.63%,Kappa系数分别为0.834 0、0.817 6、0.853 3、0.871 1);2)纳板河国家级自然保护区内2000年至2015年期间,自然林的面积持续减少,橡胶林、耕地及建筑的面积持续增加;3)保护区内人类活动随地形的变化特征是:橡胶林及耕地范围在向坡度较大的地区扩张,大部分橡胶林种植在坡度为13?~24?之间,耕地也在向坡度较大的地区逐步扩张。该研究可为自然保护区监管部门及环境保护研究领域提供技术支持。 相似文献
14.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of rapidly changing land use on erosion and sedimentation in a mixed land use watershed in the Ozark Highlands of the USA. The research combines a geographic information system‐based soil erosion modeling approach with land use change detection to quantify the influence of changing land use on erosion risk. Five land use/land cover maps were generated or acquired for a 20‐year period (1986 through 2006) at approximately 5‐year intervals to assess land use change and to predict a projected (2030) land use scenario for the West Fork White River watershed in Northwest Arkansas. The Unit Stream Power based Erosion/Deposition model was applied to the observed and predicted land use to assess the impact on erosion. Total erosion from urban areas was predicted to increase by a factor of six between 1986 and 2030 based on the projected 2030 land use. Results support previous reports of increased urbanization leading to increased soil erosion risk. This study highlights the interaction of changes in land use with soil erosion potential. Soil erosion risk on a landscape can be quantified by incorporating commonly available biophysical data with geographic information system and remote sensing, which could serve as a land/watershed management tool for the rapid assessment of the effects of environmental change on erosion risk. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
LUCC是全球变化研究的重要内容,土地利用/覆盖信息的获取是其前提和基础。决策树分类法是每次利用一定的规则,对遥感影像进行逐级细化的分类模型,具有直观、高效等特点。在综合分析每一种土地利用/覆盖类型各种特征的基础上,探讨了将不同土地利用/覆盖类型的光谱特征、空间特征、波段比值特征等信息融入决策树分类模型,对龙口市土地利用/覆盖信息进行自动分类的方法,取得了较高的分类精度。 相似文献
16.
Akin M. Omotayo 《Land Degradation u0026amp; Development》2003,14(5):445-457
The study used a combination of ethno‐social surveys and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to assess 651 pastoral households and their land use under agropastoral production systems in Ogun State, Nigeria. Yields of arable crops on agropastoralists' fields were generally low. Livestock productivity was similar on all parameters to levels in comparable contexts elsewhere across the West African subregion, but generally below possible potentials and on‐farm research findings. Pastoral households' activities presently influence between 221 km2 and 523 km2 of land in Ogun State. Pastoral grazing orbits extended beyond administrative boundaries, causing potential conflicts between local crop farmers and agropatoralists. Much of the land‐cover has been altered considerably around the areas of pastoral household settlements compared with the situation 20 years ago. It was concluded that a form of intervention was needed that would guarantee sustainability of the land‐use system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
一种新的辨别土地利用/覆被的遥感图像融合方法 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
In China, accelerating industrialization and urbanization following high-speed economic development and population increases have greatly impacted land use/cover changes, making it imperative to obtain accurate and up to date information on changes so as to evaluate their environmental effects. The major purpose of this study was to develop a new method to fuse lower spatial resolution multispectral satellite images with higher spatial resolution panchromatic ones to assist in land use/cover mapping. An algorithm of a new fusion method known as edge enhancement intensity modulation (EEIM) was proposed to merge two optical image data sets of different spectral ranges. The results showed that the EEIM image was quite similar in color to lower resolution multispectral images, and the fused product was better able to preserve spectral information. Thus, compared to conventional approaches, the spectral distortion of the fused images was markedly reduced. Therefore, the EEIM fusion method could be utilized to fuse remote sensing data from the same or different sensors, including TM images and SPOT5 panchromatic images, providing high quality land use/cover images. 相似文献
18.
[目的]探究塔里木河中游荒漠绿洲过渡带——肖塘地区的土地利用动态变化特征及其对荒漠林地动态格局的影响,为该区域土地资源合理利用以及荒漠林资源保护提供理论依据。[方法]根据肖塘地区1973—2010年4期遥感影像解译数据进行荒漠林地动态变化分析。[结果]荒漠林地从1973年占整个研究区面积的21.9%到2010年的16.9%,成为研究区变幅最大的土地利用类型。1973—2010年荒漠林地面积减少了13.19%,主要转变为农田,而且其年变化速率不断增大。[结论]近40a来,随着人类对肖塘地区持续的水土开发,研究区内荒漠林地处于持续退化的状态。天然植被的退化会进一步对该区域的生态安全构成威胁。 相似文献
19.
20.
研究长时间序列的土地利用时空演变规律,对科学推进黄河流域生态保护和社会经济高质量发展具有重要意义。该研究基于1990、2000、2010和2018年土地利用遥感数据,以具有中游和下游双重属性的黄河流域(河南段)为研究对象,利用土地利用变化指数、弦图(Chord Diagram)可视化模型及重心迁移模型,探讨了近30年黄河流域(河南段)土地覆被变化的流量、流向、多样性程度及政策启示。结果表明:1)粮食保障用地(约55%)和生产生活用地(约10%)主要分布在平原地带,生态保育用地(约35%)主要集中在海拔较高的山地。2)1990-2018年间旱地的流出和流入行为均体现出显著的主导性,水田、水域和草地以流出行为为主导,城镇用地、农村居民点和其他建设用地以流入行为为主导。3)中心城市的土地利用变化在整个时期内具有明显的区域带动效应。4)粮食保障用地和生态保育用地的重心均向西迁移且面积呈减少趋势,说明下游平原地带的优质耕地减少且生态系统服务功能在逐步减弱;生产生活用地面积逐年增加,城镇用地重心向东迁移表明下游各城镇的社会经济发展逐渐活跃,农村居民点和其他建设用地重心向西迁移表明中游的人口规模逐渐增大。 相似文献