苏云金菌粉防治榆尺蠖效果好

榆尺蠖又称春尺蠖,是榆树的主要害虫。四子王旗榆树种植区由于榆尺蠖的侵害,严重地影响了树木的正常生长。从一九八二年起,我们采用苏云金菌粉和化学农药相结合的办法,对榆尺蠖发生林地进行了防治,榆尺蠖死亡率达98％以上,而且两三年内榆尺蠖不再成灾。榆尺蠖在四子王旗一般四月二十日前后孵化,五月五日左右孵化结束。幼虫从孵化到化蛹大约三十天。由于卵的孵化期不一致,我们放过一龄幼虫出现盛期,从二龄幼虫出现盛期起防治,这时一般在五月十日以后。施药方法:将含孢量为100亿/克的苏云金菌粉100倍液和D—M合剂2000倍液制成混     

墨玉县天然胡杨林春尺蠖飞防试验研究

为有效防治春尺蠖,首先通过对墨玉县春尺蠖发生期进行监测,在掌握春尺蠖的最佳防治时期的基础上,在墨玉县胡杨林内进行了飞机防治试验。经虫情调查,从4月13日开始二龄幼虫数量逐渐增加,14日二龄幼虫占总虫口数的58%,为最佳防治时期;使用甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐防治春尺蠖,虫口减退率最高达到98.4%,平均为93.8%。甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐是一种高效、快速、稳定、持效期长的生物农药,药剂效果明显。     

洪洞县春尺蠖的发生与防治研究

笔者对春尺蠖从成虫羽化、产卵、孵化、幼虫危害、老熟幼虫入土化蛹的整个过程进行了监测,探讨了在成虫期和幼虫期涂药环防治、喷药防治、喷烟防治等防治方法。2013年春尺蠖成虫死亡率达到62.2%,幼虫死亡率达到97.4%,防治效果显著,基本控制了春尺蠖的危害。最后,在此基础上讨论了成功防治春尺蠖的经验和今后防治工作的发展方向。     

新疆1200万元飞防南器胡杨林

4月10日,和田地区使用两架直升机对区域内的天然胡杨林进行了飞机灭杀春尺蠖等食叶类害虫的试飞工作。这也拉开了今年南疆开展春尺蠖飞机防治的序幕。 今年,新疆决定投入1200万元在南疆阿克苏、喀什、和田地区的天然胡杨林区,开展春尺蠖飞机防治,防治面积5．3万公顷（80万亩）。     

吉林市春尺蠖发生规律的研究

2006年春尺蠖扩散到吉林市并暴发成灾,对其发生规律进行了观察研究。春尺蠖在吉林市1a发生1代,以蛹在树冠下10~15 cm土中越冬,3月下旬成虫羽化出土,并产卵于树干上,平均每雌产卵398粒,卵期16~18 d,4月末至5月初幼虫孵化。自然条件下孵化的幼虫取食榆、柳、杨、桑等树木,历期33~36 d,6月上旬老熟幼虫陆续下树入土越夏越冬。天敌有寄蝇、姬蜂、白僵菌及病毒等,其中寄蝇的寄生率达18%。     

吐鲁番市飞机防治春尺蠖的效果

春尺蠖是吐鲁番地区农田防护林、片林及果树的主要食叶害虫。根据1989年12月份的虫情调查,预计1990年春季春尺蠖将普遍发生,如不及时防治,将造成严重的危害。为此,我们于1990年4月7日至16日运用飞机常规容量喷雾进行了防治。现将结果汇报如下: 一、飞防效果 设样地并在样地范围内进行随机抽样调查,得到表1。     

飞机超低量喷洒Bt、灭幼脲与高效氯氰菊酯混剂防治春尺蠖试验

新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区沙雅县天然胡杨林春尺蠖的危害越来越重,2004年4月在沙雅县应用“Y-5B”飞机超低量喷洒16000国际单位/mgBt 1.5kg/hm2 4.5%高效氯氰菊酯60g/hm2和25%灭幼脲III号3.75kg/hm2 4.5%高效氯氰菊酯60g/hm2防治胡杨林春尺蠖的试验结果表明,两者均具有较好的杀虫效果,虫口减退率分别为95.57%、95.25%。     

春尺蠖预测预报办法讨论会在呼和浩特召开

林业部及森林植物检疫防治所于1986年9月25—27日在内蒙古呼和浩特市召开春尺蠖预测预报办法讨论会。参加会议的有河北、山西、河南、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、新疆等省、自治区的代表,会上对内蒙古林业厅森防站起草的“春尺蠖预测预报办法”进行了讨论和修改,     

飞机超低量喷药防治春尺蠖技术

连续2a应用"运五"飞机超低量喷洒25%阿维.灭幼脲和3%高氯.啶虫咪防治春尺蠖技术,杀虫率95%以上,有效地遏制春尺蠖的大发生,防治效果好、成本低、效率高。     

大叶黄杨尺蠖的防治研究

大叶黄杨尺蠖(Abraxas miranda Butler)危害大叶黄杨,大发生时常将大叶黄杨叶片咀食光秃,影响树势生长或造成死亡。为寻求有效防治办法,自1984年起,对此虫进行了生物学特性观察和防治试验。 一、形态特征 (一)卵 近圆形,长0.72--0.77毫米,宽0.58—0.63毫米。初产时淡黄,后渐变为淡绿,孵化时为褐色。     

黄山松种子园无性系生长与开花特性的观测研究

观测结果表明，黄山松于3月上旬树液开始流动，3月底开始芽萌动，紧接着4月初开始新梢生长，新梢生长最快时期是在4月中下旬，5月中下旬逐步停止，生长期仅40～60d。4月8日前后针叶开始萌动和展叶，针叶生长一直持续到9月初，次年5月初开始出现老叶的脱落。大、小孢子叶球明显出现于4月初，4月25日开始撒粉和苞片张开，5月初即撒粉结束，苞片闭合。各无性系的物候及生长节律有一定差异，一般2～12d。通过观测，将为种子园抚育管理提供依据。     

Utilization of diflubenzuron to controlgelechia senticetella (Stgr.) (Lepidoptera: Geiechiidae), a dangerous pest ofjuniperus excelsa M. B. (Cupressaceae) in Bulgaria

In 1992, experiments were carried out in Bulgaria to controlGelechia senticetella (Stgr.) (Lepidoptera: Geiechiidae), a mining pest on the needles and young shoots ofJuniperus excelsa M. B. by commercial products Dimilin ODC-45 and Dimilin WP-25 based on the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron. Two Ultra Low Volume (ULV) treatments were performed - on March 12^th and April 16^th, during the emerging of the pest larvae out of the infested shoots. Dimilin ODC-45 was applied in a dose of 60-120 ml/ha (27-54 g a.i./ha), dissolved in 5l of diesel oil, and Dimilin WP-25 - in a dose of 200 g/ha (50 g a.i./ha) dissolved in 5l of water. The effect of Dimilin ODC-45 was very high - 92.5-97.6 %. The effect of Dimilin WP-25 was unsatisfactory - 63.4-70.0 %, which was most probably due to the fact that the oil emulsions adhere to the treated plants better than the water solutions, thus ensuring a longer period of action.     

广州地区灰白蚕蛾生物学特性及种群动态

灰白蚕蛾（Ocinara variana）是榕属（Ficus）植物的重要害虫,在广州地区每年发生6代。在室温条件下（25—27℃）。卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫的历期分别为3～4d、12～15d、3～5d、和3～5d;雌虫产卵量约为30-400粒／雌。平均产卵量约为200粒／雌;种群数量一年有两个发生的高峰期,分别出现在4～5月和9～10月。     

黄杨绢野螟生物学特性及其防治

黄杨绢野螟在浙江丽水1a发生1～5代，以各代3～4龄幼虫缀叶结薄茧在枝条上越冬，翌年3月下旬出蛰活动，5～9月为害严重。3月下旬至4月上旬是防治的关键时期，用25％灭幼脲Ⅲ号悬胶剂或1．8％阿维菌素乳油1000倍液喷雾防治，效果10d后均可达90％以上；卵期、幼龄幼虫期修剪是防治黄杨绢野螟的有效办法，但修剪次数不宜过多；园林上合理使用农药，保护天敌昆虫，对有效控制黄杨绢野螟的的为害、减少环境污染具有重要意义。     

Seasonal fluctuations and temperature dependence of leaf gas exchange parameters of co-occurring evergreen and deciduous trees in a temperate broad-leaved forest

Seasonal fluctuations in leaf gas exchange parameters were investigated in three evergreen (Quercus glauca Thunb., Cinnamomum camphora Sieb. and Castanopsis cuspidata Schottky) and one deciduous (Quercus serrata Thunb.) co-occurring, dominant tree species in a temperate broad-leaved forest. Dark respiration rate (Rn), maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and stomatal coefficient (m), the ratio of stomatal conductance to net assimilation rate after adjustment to the vapor pressure deficit and internal carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, were derived inversely from instantaneous field gas exchange data (one-point method). The normalized values of Rn and Vcmax at the reference temperature of 25 degrees C (Rn25, Vcmax25) and their temperature dependencies (Delta Ha(Rn), Delta Ha(Vcmax)) were analyzed. Parameter Vcmax25 ranged from 24.0-40.3 micromol m(-2) s(-1) and Delta Ha(Vcmax) ranged from 29.1- 67.0 kJ mol(-1). Parameter Rn25 ranged from 0.6-1.4 micromol m(-2) s(-1) and Delta Ha(Rn) ranged from 47.4-95.4 kJ mol(-1). The stomatal coefficient ranged from 7.2-8.2. For the three evergreen trees, a single set of Vcmax25 and Rn25 parameters and temperature dependence curves produced satisfactory estimates of carbon uptake throughout the year, except during the period of simultaneous leaf fall and leaf expansion, which occurs in April and May. In the deciduous oak, declines in Vcmax25 were observed after summer, along with changes in Vcmax25 and Rn25 during the leaf expansion period. In all species, variation in m during periods of leaf expansion and drought should be considered in modeling studies. We conclude that the changes in normalized gas exchange parameters during periods of leaf expansion and drought need to be considered when modeling carbon uptake of evergreen broad-leaved species.     

福州市榕透翅毒蛾生物学特性的研究

为了更好掌握榕透翅毒蛾Perina nuda Fabricius的在福州市发生规律,为生产实践提供防治对策,本文采用室内饲养与野外调查相结合的方法对该虫进行形态学观察和生物学特性研究,结果表明:榕透翅毒蛾在福州1a发生6～7代,世代重叠严重,没有明显越冬代。室温条件下,第1代4月出现,在气温25～37℃时,完成1代约需45 d,越冬代则需要115 d。雌蛾产卵量为32～343粒;幼虫共6龄,有两种形态,5-11月为发生盛期。     

朝阳地区柏山水蜜桃果实性状与经济效益的调查研究

以朝阳地区栽培的柏山水蜜桃、久保桃、丰白桃为材料,对其果实性状与经济效益进行调查与分析,结果表明:3个品种桃盛花期分别为4月23日至28日、4月25日至30日、4月28日至5月3日;久保桃与柏山水蜜桃花期吻合程度高,是其最佳授粉树,平均座果率为92%。柏山水蜜桃平均最大单果重为750 g,分别是久保桃、丰白桃的2.4倍和2.9倍。柏山水蜜桃果实成熟期最晚,为8月中下旬,较久保桃晚熟20~30 d,较丰白桃晚熟40 d左右,具有市场价格优势。柏山水蜜桃单位面积平均产量为32 677 kg·hm-1,产值为32.7万元,分别是久保桃、丰白桃产值的1.27倍和1.45倍。     

黑麦草黑粉病研究初报

本文认为黑麦草黑粉病分别为黑粉菌属(Ustilagosp.)、轴黑粉菌属(Sphacelotheca sp.)真菌侵染所致;通过观察发现武汉地区该病发生期为4月底～5月中旬。室外防治试验表 明:25%三唑酮或1%多氧清有较好的防治效果。     

Competition for soil water between perennial bunch-grass (Elymus glaucus B.B.) and blue oak seedlings (Quercus douglasii H. & A.)

The competition effects of the perennial bunch-grass (Elymus glaucus B.B.) on the growth and survival of the oak seedlings (Quercus douglasii H. & A.) were investigated. There were four levels of Elymus competition, replicated three times. The three densities ofElymus employed were zero (control), 50 (Low — ‘L’ -), 116 (Medium — ‘M’ -) and 199 (High — ‘H’ -) plants m^?2. Rates of soil water depletion, stomatal conductance, transpiration, shoot elongation and leaf expansion rates were measured between 23 March and 26 May 1988. Rates of soil water depletion, stomatal conductance and transpiration differed amongst the treatments and were higher in the control for the duration of the experiment. Shoot elongation rate (SER) and leaf expansion rate (LER) of blue oak seedling were directly related to soil water potentials. Zero values of LER rates for all treatments were observed at soil water potentials lower than?1.91 MPa, and concurrent reductions of stomatal conductance indicated stomatal closure due to the soil water deficit. In the control treatment, transpiration alone was not high enough to deplete soil moisture and to reduce LER of the oak seedlings. Leaf dessication occurred first in the H and M treatments (53% of seedlings dessicated) and two weeks later in the L treatment (37% dessicated) when the soil water potential was approximately ?4.0 MPa. The number of reproductive tillers and seed dry weight indicated thatElymus plants were under water stress from April 25 and concluded on May 25 with an early summer dormancy in all treatments. Data indicated that light intensity of 50% of ambient did not limit the development of oak seedlings. The results suggested that density of the perennial bunch-grassElymus glaucus lower than 50 plants m^?2 could allow survival and successful establishment of blue oak in understories.     

秦都区核桃六星黑点蠹蛾发生规律及综合防治措施研究

对核桃六星黑点蠹蛾在秦都区的发生规律进行了调查,结果表明：核桃六星黑点蠹蛾在秦都区1年发生1代,以幼虫在蛀道内越冬,次年核桃春梢抽出后,4月上旬开始为害;4月下旬结茧化蛹,蛹期25～45d;5月下旬为成虫羽化盛期,成虫期4～7d;6月中旬产卵,卵期10～20d;6月下旬到7月上旬幼虫卵化期,9月上旬停止取食,准备越冬。并依照其发生规律制定出了核桃六星黑点蠹蛾综合防治措施。