酶联免疫吸附试验检测测羊传染性脓疱病毒

用辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）标记经兔体高免提纯的兔抗羊传染性脓疱病（Ｏｒｆ）ＩｇＧ，用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测不同毒株的传染性脓疱毒及病毒基因在载体中重组克隆后转化到受体菌中的表达情况。结果表明，ＨＲＰ标记的ＩｇＧ，经自动酶标光度计检测，对ＨＣＥ、ＨＬＲ、ＬＭＥ、ＤＰＥ、ＨＢＧＥ、ＹＬＧＥ毒、ＬＴＥ囊膜蛋白及ＨＣＥ１０代细胞毒都呈现特异性反应，在模式２的检测中，ＯＤ值均在０．０７以上，在模     

产蛋下降综合征（EDS－76）病毒DNA探针的制备及应用研究

用纯化的产蛋下降综合征（ＥＤＳ－７６）病毒（Ｈ９１毒株）悬液提取的核酸，经琼脂糖凝胶电泳只出现１条分子量较大、背景清晰的核酸带。用ＢａｍＨＩ酶消化产生４个片段，大小分别为１７ｋｂ、１０ｋｂ、４．０ｋｂ和２．０ｋｂ。将其中的２．０ｋｂ片段克隆进ｐＵＣ１８ＤＮＡ载体中，重组质粒ＤＮＡ用ｄｉｇｏｘｉｇｅｎｉｎ标记作为ＤＮＡ探针，在ｄｏｔｂｌｏｔ中该探针不与鹅胚尿囊液核酸抽提物、马立克氏病病毒（ＭＤＶ）ＤＮＡ、鸡传染性贫血病毒（ＣＡＶ）ＤＮＡ、ＳＰＦ鸡基因组ＤＮＡ等核酸反应，只与３株ＥＤＳ病毒（ＥＤＳ标准毒株ＡＶ－１２７、ＥＤＳＨ９１毒株和从健康鹅体中分离的ＥＤＳＹ８１毒株）ＤＮＡ呈阳性反应。人工感染产蛋母鸡和雏鸡后２４ｈ即可用该探针从泄殖腔棉拭子样品中检测出ＥＤＳ病毒ＤＮＡ，在感染后３５ｈ仍能从部分感染鸡样品中检出。对部分探针检测阳性鸡的泄殖腔棉拭子样品用ＳＰＦ鸡胚分离病毒，并用ＨＡ和ＨＩ试验检测分离病毒的特异性；在感染过程中，同时检测了血清中ＨＩ抗体的消长情况。结果表明，人工感染鸡排毒至少可以维持２个月左右，而且血清中ＨＩ抗体即使很高，也不能阻止感染鸡的排毒。     

DNA探针、粪检菌和ELISA三种方法在诊断副结核病中的比较研究

本研究在已构建的副结核分枝杆菌Ｃ２株ＤＮＡ基因文库的基础上，应用正、反向杂交试验从基因文库中筛选出特异性片段ＰＴＰ３１，以光敏生物素标记制成ＤＮＡ探针。用此ＤＮＡ探针以及粪检菌和ＥＬＩＳＡ三种方法分别对３２份副结核菌素（ＰＰＤ）变态反应阳性牛粪便及相应血清样品进行检测，其检出率分别为４７％（１５／３２）、５６％（１８／３２）和３４％（１１／３２）。对随机采集的２７６份牛粪便及血清样品，３种方法的检出率分别为１０％（２７／２７６）、１３％（３６／２７６）和７％（７９／２７６）。本研究结果表明，ＤＮＡ探针与粪检菌呈现正相关性，ＤＮＡ探针比ＥＬＩＳＡ方法能够检出更多的阳性数。     

DNA探针,粪检菌和ELISA三种方法在诊断副结核病中的比较研究

本研究已在构建的副结核分枝杆菌Ｃ２株ＤＮＡ基因文库的基础上升应用正，反向杂交试验从基因文库中筛出选出特异性片段ＰＴＰ３１，以光敏生物素标记制成ＤＮＡ探针。用此ＤＮＡ探针以及粪检菌和ＥＬＩＳＡ三种方法分别对３２份副结核菌素（ＰＰＤ）变态反应阳性牛粪便及相应血清样品进行检测，其检出率分别为４７％（１５／３２），５６％（１８／３２）和３４％（１１／３２），对随机采集的２７６份牛粪便及血清样品，３种方法的     

用 Digoxigenin 标记核酸探针检测 EDS-76 病毒核酸的研究

用ＥＤＳ７６病毒标准ＡＶ１２７株和分离株（Ｂ９６株）感染鸭胚，提取病毒核酸，分别经ＥｃｏＲｌ和Ｐｓｔｌ双酶切，获得图形和大小相似的酶切片段。分别进行ＥｃｏＲｌ和Ｐｓｔｌ单酶切，也得到相似结果。病毒ＤＮＡ经ＥｃｏＲｌ和Ｐｓｔｌ双酶切后，与ＰＵＣ１９质粒载体重组，并转化到ＥｃｏｌｉＪＭ１０１中，筛选出一个插入片段（Ｇ片段）约为２７ｋｂ的重组质粒。用Ｄｉｇｏｘｉｇｅｍｉｎ标记ＥＤＳ７６ＤＮＡＧ片段（ＥｃｏＲｌ和Ｐｓｔｌ双酶切片段）及含该片段的重组质粒分别制备探针，对ＥＤＳ７６病毒ＤＮＡ进行斑点杂交，两种探针均为阳性，而对照组ＮＤＶ、ＩＢＶ、ＩＬＴＶ、ＩＢＤＶ正常鸭胚尿囊液的核酸为阴性。且后一种探针的敏感性高于前者，它的ＤＮＡ检出限量为４ｐｇ水平。结果表明，两种探针具有高度的特异性、敏感性。     

酶联免疫吸附试验检测羊传染性脓疱病毒

用辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）标记经兔体高免提纯的兔抗羊传染性脓疱病（Ｏｒｆ）ＩｇＧ，用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测不同毒株的传染性脓疱病毒及病毒基因在载体中重组克隆后转化到受体菌中的表达情况。结果表明，ＨＲＰ标记的ＩｇＧ，经自动酶标光度计检测，对ＨＣＥ、ＨＬＲ、ＬＭＥ、ＤＰＥ、ＨＢＧＥ、ＹＬＧＥ毒、ＬＴＥ囊膜蛋白及ＨＣＥ１０代细胞毒都呈现特异性反应。在模式２的检测中，ＯＤ值均在０．０７以上，在模式３的检测中，都呈现阳性。受检的４株重组转化大肠杆菌中，一株表现阳性，说明重组菌对Ｏｒｆ病毒的抗原产生表达。试验证明，ＥＬＩＳＡ是对羊传染性脓疱病毒进行诊断检测的一种快速、灵敏、准确的方法。     

光敏生物素标记EDSV—DNA探针检测鸡减蛋综合症（EDS）的研究

应用光敏生物素标记ＥＤＳＶ－ＤＮＡ与ｐＵＣ１９重组质粒ＤＮＡ做探针，检测人工发病减蛋综合症蛋鸡的粪便，蛋，输卵管样品，以新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ），传染性病毒（ＩＢＤＶ），传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ），包涵体肝炎病毒（ＩＢＨＶ）作对照。实验结果显示：探针能特异地检出ＥＤＳ病鸡粪便，输卵管，蛋清样品中的病毒，与ＮＤＶ，ＩＢＤＶ，ＩＢＶ及ＩＢＨＶ均呈阴性反应。探针灵敏度达１０ｐｇＥＤＳＶ－ＤＮＡ。     

鸡毒支原体PCR检测及特异扩增片断的克隆与测序

根据Ｅ．Ｒ．Ｎascimento等人鸡毒支原体（Ｍycoplasma gallisepricum,ＭＧ）基因文库 分离的种特异性片段fＭＧ－２序列,设计合成一对长２５bp的引物Ｌ１Ｒ１,经ＰＣＲ反 应条伯优化选择,对５株ＭＧＤＮＡ扩增均产生出预期的７３２bp特异扩增片断,而不能扩增滑液支原体（Ｍycoplasma synouiae,ＭＳ）、Ｅ．coli、ＰＵＣ１９质粒ＤＮＡ,符合 设计要求;ＤＩＧ随机引物法标记扩增产物ＤＮＡ探针,与上述菌株ＤＮＡ Ｄot-blot杂交     

麻雀体内传染性法氏囊病病毒的分离鉴定及理化特性研究

从传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）阳性麻雀体内分离到了一株病毒，用传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）单克隆抗体心ＥＬＩＳＡ试验和ＤＩＧ－标记ＩＢＤＶｃＤＮＡ探针班点杂交试验证明该病毒为ＩＢＤＶ。病毒可适应于鸡胚和鸡胚成纤维细胞，产生细胞病变效应（ＣＰＥ）。病毒血清型为Ｉ型，病毒代谢抑制试验证明其基因组为ＲＮＡ，病毒核酸的电泳图谱呈两条特征带。病毒对乙醚不敏感ＰＨ２．０不能灭活可使病毒失感染性，５６℃作用３小时     

地高辛标记空肠弯曲菌DNA探针的研究

应用地高辛标记核酸技术将地高辛结合到空肠弯曲菌染色体ＤＮＡ上,制备了地高辛标记的ＤＮＡ探针。地高辛标记的空肠弯曲菌ＤＮＡ探针仅与空肠弯曲菌ＣＪ１、ＣＪ２发生反应,而与大脾性杆菌、鼠沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副结核分枝杆功不发生反应,具有很高的特异性,其敏感性可检测出０．２２ｎｇ的样品ＤＮＡ,较光敏生物素（８ｎｇ）、＾３２Ｐ同位素（４ｎｇ）标记的核酸探针高。     

Detection of Salmonella by using the colorimetric DNA/rRNA sandwich hybridization in microtiter wells

A rapid and readily available DNA probe kit was developed for the detection of Salmonella spp. This kit utilized the colorimetric DNA/rRNA sandwich hybridization method in microtiter wells. Within 3 hr Salmonella spp. in selective enrichment broth cultures were detected by the DNA probe kit. The kit effectively identified all of 187 strains of Salmonella tested and yielded no false-positive reactions in the examination of 674 pure cultures of non-salmonellae. The DNA probe kit could detect 10(5) cfu/ml in pure culture. A total of 379 naturally contaminated samples (raw chicken meat, liquid egg, animal feeds, poultry feces and frozen foods) were tested, both by the standard culture method and the DNA probe kit. The 169 of these samples were culture positive and 210 were culture negative. The sensitivity of the DNA probe kit was 98.2% (166/169) and the specificity was 99.5% (209/210). These results show that the DNA probe kit is a useful tool to examine a large number of various samples for contamination by Salmonella spp. in food and livestock industry.     

PCR扩增invA基因特异性检测沙门氏菌

建立了扩增invA基因检测沙门氏菌的PCR方法。对收集的50个血清型123株沙门氏菌及7种27株非沙门氏菌进行PCR,2％琼脂糖电泳检查,结果所有沙门氏菌都扩增出了300bp的特异性产物,非沙门氏菌都未扩增出此目的条带。产物的特异性由slot blot杂交进一步证实。通过电泳判定结果,该法可检出扩增体系中10pg染色体DNA及10~2cfu的纽波特沙门氏菌50029。为下步克隆而设计的两个酶切点（Bam HI,Eco RI）对引物的特异性没有影响。本研究为沙门氏菌的检测提供了简洁、敏感、特异的新方法,同时为克隆invA基因做属特异性探针打下了基础。     

Evaluation of radiolabeled and colorimetric DNA probes in comparison with an antigen screening assay for the detection of Salmonella from poultry farms

A total of 48 environmental drag-swab samples from various poultry farms were tested for the presence of Salmonella spp. by culture, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based Salmonella antigen screening (SAS) assay, and two DNA probes (radiolabeled and colorimetric). The radiolabeled DNA probe was allowed to hybridize with culture-positive samples (n = 8) and was found to detect Salmonella spp. in all cases (100%). Both of the probes, subsequently hybridized with culture-negative samples (n = 8), were observed to yield good agreement (91%) with the culture findings. The remaining samples (n = 32) were tested by the SAS assay, and where there was no agreement between the culture and SAS, samples were further examined by the DNA probes. Results using both probes agreed with those obtained by culturing the samples but did not agree with the SAS assay result when the ratio of samples tested to samples positive (S/P) cutoff value used was 0.5.     

碳量子点应用于鼠伤寒沙门菌检测的初步研究

旨在制备基于碳量子点(carbon quantum dots,CDs)的免疫荧光探针,初步建立鼠伤寒沙门菌的快速检测方法,以柠檬酸和尿素作为碳源,利用微波法对碳量子点制备的微波时间、透析袋规格等条件进行了优化,再使用化学偶联法将碳量子点与鼠伤寒沙门菌抗体结合制备免疫荧光探针C-IgG,使之借助抗原抗体特异性结合和荧光实...     

3种实验动物相关病原液相芯片检测方法的建立

为建立快速高通量检测实验动物质量相关布鲁菌、沙门菌、弓形虫3种病原体的方法,根据其序列设计引物及探针,探针经修饰后与荧光编码微球偶联,将偶联后的探针与PCR产物杂交反应,通过液相芯片检测仪(Luminex200)检测荧光信号,分析实验动物感染布鲁菌、沙门菌和弓形虫的情况.结果显示:初步建立了可同时检测布鲁菌、沙门菌和弓...     

Detection of porcine parvovirus using nonradioactive nucleic acid hybridization

Nonradioactive slot blot hybridization assays were established for the detection of porcine parvovirus (PPV), using either a digoxigenin-labeled DNA probe or a biotinylated RNA probe. All probes were prepared from a 3.3-kb Pst1-EcoR1 DNA fragment of the NADL8 isolate of PPV. The sensitivity and specificity of the probes in a slot blot system were evaluated in comparison with a 32P-radiolabeled RNA probe. Using an anti-digoxigenin alkaline phosphatase detection system, at least 1 ng of viral replicative form (RF) DNA, or the equivalent of 100 plaque forming units (PFU) of infectious virus, could be detected by the digoxigenin-labeled DNA probe. When the biotinylated RNA probe and a strepavidin-alkaline phosphatase detection system were employed, 0.1 ng of RF DNA, or the equivalent of 10 PFU of infectious virus, were detected, comparable to the sensitivity of the 32P-radiolabeled RNA probe. Hybridization was not observed with control DNA samples extracted from swine testicle cells, porcine kidney (PK-15) cells, uninfected mixed swine fetal tissue, or from an unrelated DNA virus (pseudorabies virus) infected PK-15 cells. Different isolates of PPV, namely NADL8, NADL2, KBSH, and Kresse, reacted on an equimolar basis in sensitivity and specificity to the biotinlyated probe. Extraction of DNA directly on the filter membrane (direct filter hybridization) was employed in an attempt to reduce processing time by eliminating DNA extraction steps. Direct filter hybridization was indeed less time consuming; it was also comparable in sensitivity and specificity to those methods employing purified DNA.     

Use of a Salmonella typhimurium-derived virulence probe in the detection of Salmonella sp. and in the characterization of S. cholerae-suis virulence plasmids

A genetic probe encoding a virulence gene from Salmonella typhimurium was useful in the detection of Salmonella from feces during an outbreak of salmonellosis at a local dairy. A 3.2-kb BamHI restriction endonuclease fragment of the S. typhimurium virulence plasmid, pStSR100, has been useful as a DNA probe for both detection of Salmonella sp. and characterization of virulence plasmids from numerous field isolates. This virA probe hybridizes to a highly conserved gene carried on the large virulence plasmids of invasive Salmonella isolates. Colony blots prepared from feces directly plated onto MaConkey's agar failed to detect low numbers of Salmonella sp. However, hybridization of the VirA probe to vacuum blots or colony blots prepared from feces in tetrathionate enrichment broth incubated for 16 hours at 37 C was effective for detecting Salmonella sp. and resulted in an 85.9% correlation with culture results. The probe also demonstrated the highly conserved nature (96%) of the virulence gene among S. cholerae-suis isolate plasmids detected using Southern blot analysis.     

沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7双重荧光PCR检测方法的研究

目的建立一种能同时检测沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7的双重荧光PCR方法,应用于动物源性食品的快速检验。方法根据沙门氏菌invA基因和大肠杆菌O157:H7 RFBE基因的保守序列,设计引物和探针,通过优化反应条件,建立可同时检测沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7的双重荧光PCR方法,应用于动物源性食品的检验,并与miniVIDAS快速初筛方法和SN标准方法进行比较。结果本研究建立的双重荧光PCR方法可同时快速检测沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7,对纯菌的检测灵敏度均低于10CFU/双重荧光PCR反应体系。应用本方法检测36株标准/参考菌株,结果只有9株目的菌标准/参考菌株出现特异性扩增,其余27株非目的菌均呈阴性反应。定量检测重复性试验结果,批内和批间的变异系数均小于2%。应用本方法检测人工染菌样品,结果与miniVIDAS和SN方法检测结果一致,但检测时间比miniVIDAS快了3倍,比SN标准快了10多倍。结论本研究建立的双重荧光PCR方法具有快速、灵敏、特异、重复性好的优点,可在8小时内完成样品沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7的检验。     

Molecular survey of Rickettsia spp. in sick dogs in Italy

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the prevalence of Rickettsia spp. DNA in the blood of sick dogs from Italy. Canine blood samples (n=650) submitted for molecular testing of Rickettsia spp. to a diagnostic laboratory from February 2003 to March 2006 were studied. The Rickettsia spp. DNA detection was performed by Light Cycler real-time PCR using hybridization probes separately conducted with specific primers and probes. The total percentage of Rickettsia spp.-positive dog samples was 1.5% (10 out of 650). The percentage of Rickettsia spp.-positive dog samples submitted from north, central and southern Italy were 0.4% (1/248), 1.4% (3/219) and 3.3% (6/183), respectively. Five out of 138 dogs (3.6%) from Sicily were positive on Rickettsia PCR testing. A statistical difference was found between the percentages of positive samples from the Yorkshire terrier group (10.7%) compared with the mixed breed group (0.7%). No statistical differences were found between seasonal period, region and gender. Based on molecular data, there is infrequent rickettsiemia in dogs.