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为评估快速胶体金免疫层析条(colloidal gold imunochromatography assay,GICA)诊断现场家畜日本血吸虫病的价值,以GICA法对来自湖南血吸虫病流行区和非流行区的山羊、水牛、黄牛血清进行栓测,并和间接血凝法(indirect haemagglutination test,IHA)及粪便孵化法的诊断结果进行比较.结果显示,GICA对流行区284只山羊、172头水牛和145头黄牛血清检测,阳性率分别为10.21%、8.14%、8.28%;对非流行区的30只山羊、25头水牛、17头黄牛检测,假阳性率分别为10%、12%和11.76%.GICA和IHA的诊断结果相比,阳性符合率分别为93.8%、100%、100%,阴性符合率分别为99.7%、98.9%、98.7%;GICA与粪便孵化法的诊断结果相比,阳性符合率均为100%,阴性符合率分别为94.6%、96.9%、94.3%.可见,GICA法快速、简便,可以代替现行的IHA和粪便孵化检查法,用于疫区家畜血吸虫痛的筛查. 相似文献
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本文通报了2012年全国家畜血吸虫病疫情状况。在2012年,湖南省、湖北省、江西省、四川省、安徽省、云南省、江苏省等7省共有存栏牛1 033 056头,存栏羊2 024 512只,其他家畜存栏数891 301头(匹、只)。2012年共检查了684 899头牛,其中牛血吸虫病阳性3961头,阳性率0.58%,比2011年的阳性数下降了42.57%;检查了71 473只羊,其中羊血吸虫病阳性406只,阳性率0.57%,比2011年的阳性数下降了4.19%,并对142 976头其他家畜进行了检查,其中血吸虫病阳性为21头,阳性率0.01%。湖南省和江西省的病牛数占到了全国病牛数的80.06%。2012年,全国家畜血吸虫病疫情较之2011年继续下降,但是洞庭湖和鄱阳湖地区依然是今后家畜血吸虫病疫情控制的难点和重点。 相似文献
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免疫胶体金法现场快速测定乳品中的三聚氰胺的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究和验证免疫胶体金法快速检测乳制品中的三聚氰胺的效果,通过协同实验的方法,研究该方法的灵敏度、重复性、基质影响、特异性。利用随机于市场抽样乳品120件,分别用免疫胶体金法和国标法进行检测,验证该方法的假阴性、假阳性率。结果表明,用免疫胶体金法测定乳品中的三聚氰胺,检测限为0.5mg/kg,方法的稳定性较好,亚硝酸盐、三聚氰酸、L-脯氨酸对测定结果无干扰,但尿素对测定结果有干扰。免疫胶体金法测定乳品中三聚氰胺的假阴性为0%,假阳性率为0%。可见,免疫胶体金法快速检测乳品中三聚氰胺,方法简便、快速、准确、稳定,可作为乳品中三聚氰胺现场快速检测的一种有效手段。 相似文献
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2010年全国家畜血吸虫病疫情状况 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文通报了2010年中国家畜血吸虫病疫情状况。在湖南省、湖北省、江西省、安徽省、江苏省、四川省、云南省7个流行省,共对715 733头牛、39 524只羊以及20 822头(匹)其他家畜用粪便毛蚴孵化法进行了检测,血吸虫阳性率分别为1.11%、1.00%和0.03%。根据各省放牧家畜数和阳性率计算,全国共有14 980头(只、匹)家畜感染血吸虫,其中84.92%为病牛(12 721头)。从病牛的地域分布看,湖南省、湖北省、江西省、安徽省4省病牛数占全国病牛数的95.81%。调查结果显示病牛依然是血吸虫病疫区的主要传染源,湖沼型流行区是当前防控血吸虫病的重点地区。 相似文献
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胶体染料试纸条法快速诊断家畜血吸虫病的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了适应现场家畜血吸虫病的筛查需要,设计了简便快速的胶体染料试纸条诊断技术用于检测家畜血清中的抗血吸虫抗体,以该方法检测血吸虫病牛、猪血清83份,其结果为阳性检出率100%,健康牛、猪血清73份的检测结果为阴性符合率分别为95.3%和94.0%,与感染肝片形吸虫的牛、羊血清16份的交叉反应率为18.8%.表明本方法敏感性高,特异性较强. 相似文献
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目前国内尚无商品化的牛结节性皮肤病疫苗,对于该病的防控,我国采用羊痘疫苗进行紧急免疫。为了验证牛结节性皮肤病病毒ELISA抗体检测试剂盒对羊痘疫苗免疫血清抗体水平检测的适用性,本研究采用实验室试制的牛结节性皮肤病病毒ELISA抗体检测试剂盒和病毒中和试验对羊痘病毒活疫苗免疫血清、在研牛结节性皮肤病灭活疫苗(山羊痘AV41株)免疫血清进行抗体水平评价。结果显示,对于羊痘活疫苗免疫血清,ELISA方法和病毒中和试验方法对免疫15d抗体阳性率分别为84.4%和75.6%,免疫30d抗体阳性率分别为100%和95.6%,免疫60d抗体阳性率分别为97.8%和91.1%;与病毒中和试验符合率为86.1%。对于牛结节性皮肤病灭活疫苗(山羊痘AV41株)免疫血清,ELISA方法和病毒中和试验方法对一免28d抗体阳性率分别为64%和56%,二免28d抗体阳性率分别为94%和88%,二免42d阳性率均为100%;与病毒中和试验符合率为86.5%。试验证明,实验室试制的牛结节性皮肤病病毒ELISA抗体检测试剂盒与病毒中和试验符合率较高,检测结果较为一致,且本试剂盒敏感性高于病毒中和试验。因此本试剂盒可用于... 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献