畜禽饲料污染不可忽视

日常的饲料、饮水、光照、通风、疾病控制等是保证鸡群均匀度的基础,此外有效实施选鸡、调群工作,能保证鸡群的适宜密度,对鸡只充分采食、饮水等起着重要作用,因此保证鸡群均匀度必须重视选鸡及分群工作。     

活性氧自由基对动物健康及饲料质量的影响

本文简单介绍了活性氧(ROS)的定义和劬物体内活性氧的来源，并进一步从机理上探讨了ROS造成的饲料脂质过氧化的原因及其危害，重点阐述了ROS对畜禽健康、生产性能和肉质的影响，同时也指出了机体自身产生的适量的ROS的一些生理意义。     

Fur animal botulism hazard due to feed

To assess the botulism hazard in fur animal feed production, 236 fur animal feed components and feed samples were analysed for Clostridium botulinum by detecting BoNT-encoding genes (botA, botB, botC, botE or botF) by PCR and for sulphite-reducing clostridia (SRC) by iron sulphite agar. The quality of the hazard analysis of critical control points (HACCP) –based in-house control system (IHCS) was evaluated with respect to botulism risk in feed plants (n = 32). The overall prevalence of C. botulinum was 13% in different feed components and 5% in feed. The estimated MPN count of C. botulinum in feed components was 6.4 × 10³/kg at the highest and was shown to poorly correlate with SRC count. The critical control points in IHCSs were variable, and control limits were improperly set in most feed-producing plants. C. botulinum possesses a persistent safety hazard for fur animals by feed production, and control practices should be reassessed.     

如何防止劣质油脂应用于动物饲料

<正>油脂是一种优质的高能饲料,具有多种饲用价值和功能。在饲料中添加油脂,不仅可以增加饲料的营养价值,而且有助于改善饲料的物理性质,提高饲料效率。随着动物营养研究不断深入和现代畜禽生产、动物福利要求的提高,日粮添加油脂日益受到推崇。     

Salmonella serotypes encountered in animal feed additives in Lebanon.

Animal feed-additive samples (n = 300) were examined for the presence of salmonellae, using the selenite-F broth-enrichment method followed by subculturing on Salmonella-Shigella and brilliant green agar with sulfadiazine selective agar plates. Samples consisted of a variety of feed additives: 119 bone meal samples, 77 meat meal samples, 40 fish meal samples, and 64 miscellaneous meal samples. Results of examination found 49 (41.2%) of the bone meal samples, 6 (7.8%) of the meat meal samples and 2 (5%) of the fish meal samples contained salmonellae. Of 57 isolates representing 24 serotypes, 4 most frequently isolated serotypes were Salmonella meleagridis (35.1%), Salmonella tennessee (7%), Salmonella chester (5.2%), and Salmonella senftenberg (5.2%). This study shows a high Salmonella-contamination rate of bone meal compared with meat meal and fish meal samples. Of 12 known positive bone meal samples that were examined, 100% of 25-g samples, compared with 70% to 100% of 2.5-g samples and 30% to 90% of 0.25-g samples and 30% to 90% of 0.25-g samples, were positive for salmonellae.     

Potential animal feed allergens

The aim of this article is to present the interdisciplinary area that concerns both animal feed allergy and human food allergy. The following problems are presented: definition of animal feed allergy, mechanism of food/feed allergy, contemporary paradigm of immune response, nature of epitopes, neoallergens, nutrigenomics and animal holistic feeding. Finally, it is noted that the present view on food/fodder and nutrition of people and animals have more and more in common. Their common ground is the idea of nutritional genomics as an idea of individual nutrition, prevention and therapy.     

鱼用饲料与畜禽饲料在加工工艺、原料选用方面的比较

由于水产动物和畜禽在生活环境、生活习性、消化生理、营养需求方面存在差异 ,使得二者在饲料加工工艺、原料选用等方面也存在不同 ,本文拟就鱼用饲料与畜禽饲料在加工工艺、原料选用方面的差异作一比较。1　加工工艺1 1　消化能力与原料粉碎粒度　鱼类消化器官简单且短 ,消化道长与体长之比要比畜禽小得多。猪、鸡、牛、羊的消化道长与体长之比分别为 1 4、1 0、2 6和 2 7,而鲢鱼为 6,鳙鱼为 5 ,草鱼为 2 5～3,鲤鱼为 2 5 ,青鱼为 1 2～ 2 0 ,鳜鱼为 0 6。鱼类消化腺不发达 ,各种消化酶因体温低而不能充分发挥其最佳活性 ;肠道中起消…     

未来最有前景的六种添加剂

主要介绍抗氧化剂、免疫增强剂、抗病毒复合物、新奇的饲料蛋白、饲料消毒剂和饲料调质剂等6种饲料添加剂在饲料行业的应用前景。     

植物性乳酸菌在饲料中的应用研究

乳酸菌属于有益菌，于1857年由法国科学家Pasteur发现，能够分解乳糖、葡萄糖等碳水化合物生成乳酸、醋酸等的有机酸。乳酸菌有很多种类，可分为Lactobacillus，Streptococcus，Bifidobacterium及其他株。     

海藻糖及其在饲料中的应用探讨

海藻糖是一种安全、可靠的双糖,具有抗逆、防腐、保鲜等生物学性质。本文综述了海藻糖的理化性质、生物学特性和生产制备方法,探讨了其在动物营养中的应用前景。     

饲料木聚糖酶的应用研究进展

木聚糖是饲料中的抗营养因子之一,饲料中添加木聚糖酶具有非常广泛的使用价值和巨大的应用前景。生物技术在木聚糖酶生产中的广泛应用极大地促进了畜牧业的发展,具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。此文综述了饲用木聚糖酶生成的现状和研究进展,供同行参考。     

大豆磷脂及其在动物饲料中的应用

大豆磷脂是从生产大豆油的油脚中提取出来的产物 ,在大豆中的含量为 1 2 %～ 3 2 %。它是由甘油、脂肪酸、胆碱或胆胺所组成的酯 ,能溶于油脂及非极性溶剂中。大豆磷脂的组成成分复杂 ,主要含有卵磷脂 (约含 34 2 % )、脑磷脂 (约含1 9 7% )、肌醇磷脂 (约含 1 6 0 % )、磷酯酰丝氨酸(约含 1 5 8% )、磷脂酸 (约含 3 6 % )及其他磷脂(约含 1 0 7% )。其中最主要的 3种磷脂为 :卵磷脂 ,是由甘油、脂肪酸、磷酸和胆碱组成 ;脑磷脂 ,与卵磷脂的结构相似 ,它含的氨基醇是乙醇胺而不是胆碱 ;肌醇磷脂 ,是由甘油、脂肪酸、磷酸和肌醇构成。大豆…