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本文对7科28属84份牧草饲料作物种子的营养成分进行了分析。并对11种牧草种子营养成分的年度变化进行了测定。各科营养成分含量各不相同,豆科,粗蛋白质含量居首位;十字花科粗脂肪、粗纤维素含量均居首位;蓼科、禾本科无氮浸出物含量明显高于其它科,有些牧草种子的营养成分,如粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维素随着保存年限的增加而增加。 相似文献
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1按用途分类种植牧草的种类很多,分禾本科牧草、豆科牧草、菊科牧草、蓼科牧草、苋科牧草等,用途很广,可以喂牛、羊、兔、鸡、鸭、鹅等。种草应根据饲养的畜禽品种而定,做到以养定种,以种促养。牛、羊喜食禾本科牧草,如墨西哥玉米、冬牧70黑麦草、苏丹草、早熟禾等,其次是豆科牧草,如紫花苜蓿、三叶草、沙达旺等。猪、禽喜食菊科多汁牧草,如串叶松香草、菊芋、菊苣、苦荬菜等,其次是豆科牧草,如紫花苜蓿、三叶草、小冠花等。兔、鹅喜食豆科牧草,如紫花苜蓿、三叶草、小冠花等,其次是禾本科牧草,如冬牧70黑麦草、苏丹草等。为了做到常年喂青,… 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(14)
为了探索贵州省常见饲用植物种类构成和营养成分,试验采用野外调查与取样分析方法对53个科156种贵州省常见饲用植物进行研究。结果表明:禾本科植物最多,有35种,豆科植物21种,菊科植物12种,蔷薇科植物10种,蓼科植物8种,其他科植物有47科70种;多年生植物120种,一年生植物36种;草本为主92种,乔木9种,灌木46种,藤本9种;粗蛋白含量最高的是豆科植物,占干物质的18.20%,最低的是禾本科和蔷薇科植物,分别为9.16%和10.76%,差异显著(P0.05);粗灰分含量最高的是蓼科植物,为12.69%;钙含量最低的是禾本科植物,为0.93%;磷含量最高的是菊科植物,为0.49%,差异显著(P0.05);各科植物粗脂肪平均含量在2.10%~2.95%,差异不显著(P0.05)。说明禾本科和豆科是贵州省最主要的饲用植物,而以豆科植物的营养价值最高。 相似文献
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近年来,世界各国更加强调牧草饲料营养价值评定的重要性。因为营养价值的评定是进行经济饲养的桥梁。只有了解牧草的营养价值才能预测家畜的生产性能,进而有效的、经济的发展草地畜牧业生产。营养成份是评定牧草饲用价值的重要指标之一。通过5年的草场资源调查,共采集新疆野生牧草达500余种。草场中的优势牧草种主要有禾本科、豆科、藜科、菊科、蓼科和沙草科等。最近几年我们配合自治区草 相似文献
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黔西南岩溶区饲料灌木主要营养成分及其变量分析 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
为筛选适宜在黔西南岩溶区生长的优良饲料灌木以促进当地畜牧业的发展,提高农民收入,本研究对生长在黔西南州的3科19属27种饲料灌木的6种常规营养成分进行了定量与相关分析,结果表明,1)马棘和小构树均满足典型蛋白质饲料的要求;2)科别间粗灰分均值差异极显著,桑科显著高于其他2科。科别间无氮浸出物均值差异显著,豆科极显著低于蔷薇科,显著低于桑科;3)粗纤维与无氮浸出物、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、粗灰分均呈显著或极显著的负相关,其含量过高会影响饲料灌木的整体营养价值。 相似文献
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一、主要饲用植物及其营养成分该县野生植物资源十分丰富,种类繁多。经调查,高等植物有47科,340余属,计429种以上。其中可利用植物有35科250属300余种,适口性较好的饲用植物约20科150属200种。天然草原常见牧草以禾本科、莎草科、豆科、蓼科、菊科为主。主要牧草的营养成分见附表。一般禾本科牧 相似文献
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阿拉善荒漠草地牧草氨基酸组成特点与营养价值研究 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
对阿拉善荒漠草地38种优势牧草氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸、含硫氨基酸、限制性氨基酸含量及必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)的组成特点进行了研究。结果表明,氨基酸总含量为2.47%~22.50%;各科牧草氨基酸总含量顺序为:百合科>豆科>蒺藜科>菊科>禾本科>藜科>蔷薇科>柽柳科>蓼科;必需氨基酸含量为0.97%~8.92%,同时满足EAA/NEAA>60%,EAA/TAA>40% 的牧草有23种;各科牧草必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量比值依次为:蔷薇科>菊科>藜科>豆科>蓼科>禾本科>百合科>柽柳科>蒺藜科;含硫氨基酸含量为0.28%~1.40%,含硫氨基酸占氨基酸总量比值从高到低依次为柽柳科、藜科、蓼科、豆科、蔷薇科、蒺藜科、禾本科、菊科、百合科;内蒙古白绒山羊限制性氨基酸总含量为0.70%~3.22%;38种牧草的EAAI值,对羊肉为0.914~1.010,对山羊绒为0.976~1.250,对山羊毛为0.951~1.219。阿拉善荒漠草地牧草是当地白绒山羊和绵羊优良的饲料来源,对山羊毛和羊绒的产量和品质有重要的作用。 相似文献
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我国西北地区牧草种子生产现状及存在问题浅析 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
调查了牧草种子生产现状及存在问题。结果表明:我国西北地区的栽培牧草包括豆科、禾本科、藜科、菊科、苋科、紫草科、十字花科、鸢尾科等9科36属53种。其中:豆科牧草13属21种;禾本科牧草16属25种;其它科牧草7属7种。该区栽培牧草总面积约为150万hm^2,其中主要豆科牧草占71%,主要禾本科牧草占10.5%。主要豆科牧草为紫花苜蓿、沙打旺、草木樨、箭舌豌豆、红豆草、柠条和小冠花。主要禾本科牧草为 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献